085: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: changes in clinical parameters between acute presentation and subsequent follow-up

PurposeIn the prospective KaRen registry of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF), changes in clinical and biological parameters and medications were assessed between acute presentation and out-patient follow-up in stable state.MethodsThe KaRen study included patients presenting with acute heart failure (HF) according to inclusion criteria: Framingham criteria for HF, left ventricular ejection fraction > or=45% and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)>100pg/mL or NT-proBNP>300pg/mL. Once stabilized, 4-8 weeks after the index presentation, patients returned as out-patients for repeat assessment. Changes in clinical and biological parameters and medications between inclusion and follow-up were assessed with Students t-test and Chi-square testsResults577 patients were recruited and 458 returned for the 4-8 weeks visit. 56% were women. The median [25-75pctl] age was 79 [72-84] years. Medical history included 78% hypertension, 58% atrial arrhythmia, 26% type II diabetes and 27% serum creatinin >100 micromol/l. The table provides inclusion and follow-up dataConclusionsPatients presenting with HFPEF are elderly and a majority are women, with a high rate of hypertension and atrial arrhythmias. Blood pressure is incompletely controlled. At follow-up, blood pressure and NT-proBNP were reduced, but patients remain symptomatic. Still, efforts are needed to improve symptoms in HFPEF.Table (abstract 85) – Inclusion and follow-up data.Variable Mean (IQR)NYHA I / II / III / IVSBPCreatinineNT-proBNPACEI /ARBB-blockerANTICOAGInclusion0.8 / 9.4 / 40 / 49.8%148 [130-170]93 [74-128]2433 [1272-4790]60%65%41%Follow-up13 / 62.5 / 22.2 / 2.3140 [120-150]95 [75-129]1409 [514-2641]68%67.5%51.3%p<0.00010.003<0.000

Effect of Cyclosporine on Left Ventricular Remodeling After Reperfused Myocardial Infarction

ObjectivesThis study examined the effect of a single dose of cyclosporine administered at the time of reperfusion on left ventricular (LV) remodeling and function by cardiac magnetic resonance 5 days and 6 months after myocardial infarction.BackgroundIn a human study, administration of cyclosporine at the time of acute reperfusion was associated with a smaller infarct size.MethodsTwenty-eight patients of the original cyclosporine study had an acute (at 5 days) and a follow-up (at 6 months) cardiac magnetic resonance study to determine LV volumes, mass, ejection fraction, myocardial wall thickness in infarcted and remote noninfarcted myocardium, and infarct size.ResultsThere was a persistent reduction in infarct size at 6 months in the cyclosporine group compared with the control group of patients (29 ± 15 g vs. 38 ± 14 g; p = 0.04). There was a significant reduction of LV end-systolic volume (and a trend for LV end-diastolic volume; p = 0.07) in the cyclosporine group compared with the control group, both at 5 days and 6 months after infarction. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in either global LV mass or regional wall thickness of the remote noninfarcted myocardium at 5 days or 6 months. Attenuation of LV dilation and improvement of LV ejection fraction by cyclosporine at 6 months were correlated with infarct size reduction.ConclusionsCyclosporine used at the moment of acute myocardial infarction reperfusion persistently reduces infarct size and does not have a detrimental effect on LV remodeling. These results are preliminary and must be supported by further studies. (Ciclosporin A and Acute Myocardial Infarction; NCT00403728

Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis versus bacteremia strains: Subtle genetic differences at stake

AbstractInfective endocarditis (IE)(1) is a severe condition complicating 10–25% of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Although host-related IE risk factors have been identified, the involvement of bacterial features in IE complication is still unclear. We characterized strictly defined IE and bacteremia isolates and searched for discriminant features. S. aureus isolates causing community-acquired, definite native-valve IE (n=72) and bacteremia (n=54) were collected prospectively as part of a French multicenter cohort. Phenotypic traits previously reported or hypothesized to be involved in staphylococcal IE pathogenesis were tested. In parallel, the genotypic profiles of all isolates, obtained by microarray, were analyzed by discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC)(2). No significant difference was observed between IE and bacteremia strains, regarding either phenotypic or genotypic univariate analyses. However, the multivariate statistical tool DAPC, applied on microarray data, segregated IE and bacteremia isolates: IE isolates were correctly reassigned as such in 80.6% of the cases (C-statistic 0.83, P<0.001). The performance of this model was confirmed with an independent French collection IE and bacteremia isolates (78.8% reassignment, C-statistic 0.65, P<0.01). Finally, a simple linear discriminant function based on a subset of 8 genetic markers retained valuable performance both in study collection (86.1%, P<0.001) and in the independent validation collection (81.8%, P<0.01). We here show that community-acquired IE and bacteremia S. aureus isolates are genetically distinct based on subtle combinations of genetic markers. This finding provides the proof of concept that bacterial characteristics may contribute to the occurrence of IE in patients with S. aureus bacteremia

Simple scoring system to predict in-hospital mortality after surgery for infective endocarditis

BACKGROUND: Aspecific scoring systems are used to predict the risk of death postsurgery in patients with infective endocarditis (IE). The purpose of the present study was both to analyze the risk factors for in-hospital death, which complicates surgery for IE, and to create a mortality risk score based on the results of this analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Outcomes of 361 consecutive patients (mean age, 59.1\ub115.4 years) who had undergone surgery for IE in 8 European centers of cardiac surgery were recorded prospectively, and a risk factor analysis (multivariable logistic regression) for in-hospital death was performed. The discriminatory power of a new predictive scoring system was assessed with the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Score validation procedures were carried out. Fifty-six (15.5%) patients died postsurgery. BMI >27 kg/m2 (odds ratio [OR], 1.79; P=0.049), estimated glomerular filtration rate 55 mm Hg (OR, 1.78; P=0.032), and critical state (OR, 2.37; P=0.017) were independent predictors of in-hospital death. A scoring system was devised to predict in-hospital death postsurgery for IE (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.780; 95% CI, 0.734-0.822). The score performed better than 5 of 6 scoring systems for in-hospital death after cardiac surgery that were considered. CONCLUSIONS: A simple scoring system based on risk factors for in-hospital death was specifically created to predict mortality risk postsurgery in patients with IE

Cardioprotective effects of glutamate against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the mouse heart. Echocardiographic evaluation

L'infarctus du myocarde est la première cause de mortalité cardiovasculaire dans les pays occidentaux. La reperfusion la plus précoce possible est actuellement le seul traitement validé pour réduire la taille d'infarctus, facteur pronostique fondamental de morbi-mortalité. Cependant, la reperfusion engendre des lésions d'ischémie-reperfusion (IR) irréversibles qui précipitent la mort par apoptose des cardiomyocytes. Une approche transcriptomique nous a permis d'identifier les gènes spécifiques du postconditionnement ischémique (PostC) dans le cœur de souris. Parmi ceux-ci, l'expression du gène codant pour le récepteur métabotrope de type 1 du glutamate (mGluR1) est augmentée par le PostC. L'objectif de mon travail de thèse a été d'étudier le rôle de mGluR1 au cours de l'IR myocardique. Notre stratégie, basée sur l'utilisation de souris knock-out, a permis de confirmer l'implication de mGluR1 dans la cardioprotection. L'injection de glutamate au moment de la reperfusion myocardique permet de diminuer significativement la taille de l'infarctus par inhibition de l'apoptose. Cet effet cardioprotecteur est diminué en présence de l'antagoniste spécifique YM 298198 ou en présence de wortmannin, inhibiteur de la PI3-kinase, activée dans la cascade de signalisation du récepteur. La réduction de la taille d'infarctus par le glutamate semble associée à une amélioration de la fonction contractile du ventricule gauche en échocardiographie (par speckle tracking, méthode de quantification de la déformation myocardique) dans un modèle murin d'IR myocardique. Ces résultats, bien que préliminaires, semblent prometteurs et nous permettent d'envisager une application clinique chez le patient coronarien.Myocardial infarction is the major cause of cardiovascular mortality in western countries. Reperfusion as early as possible is the only treatment recognized to reduce infarct size, crucial prognostic factor of morbidity and mortality. However, reperfusion leads to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury leading to irreversible apoptotic death of cardiomyocytes. A transcriptomic approach has allowed us to identify genes specifically regulated upon ischemic postconditioning (PostC) in the mouse heart. Among them, the expression of the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 (mGluR1) gene is up-regulated by PostC. The aim of my thesis work was to study the role of mGluR1 during myocardial IR. Our strategy, based on the use of knockout mice, confirmed the involvement of mGluR1 in cardioprotection. Injection of glutamate at the time of reperfusion significantly reduced infarct size via apoptosis inhibition. This cardioprotective effect was reduced in presence of the specific antagonist YM 298198 or in presence of wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3-kinase, which is activated downstream mGluR1. In our mouse model of myocardial IR injury, decrease in infarct size after glutamate treatment seems to be associated to an improved left ventricular contractile function assessed by echocardiography (speckle tracking method quantifying myocardial strain). These preliminary results are promising and allow us to consider a clinical trial for coronary patients

Cardioprotective effects of glutamate against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the mouse heart. Echocardiographic evaluation

L'infarctus du myocarde est la première cause de mortalité cardiovasculaire dans les pays occidentaux. La reperfusion la plus précoce possible est actuellement le seul traitement validé pour réduire la taille d'infarctus, facteur pronostique fondamental de morbi-mortalité. Cependant, la reperfusion engendre des lésions d'ischémie-reperfusion (IR) irréversibles qui précipitent la mort par apoptose des cardiomyocytes. Une approche transcriptomique nous a permis d'identifier les gènes spécifiques du postconditionnement ischémique (PostC) dans le cœur de souris. Parmi ceux-ci, l'expression du gène codant pour le récepteur métabotrope de type 1 du glutamate (mGluR1) est augmentée par le PostC. L'objectif de mon travail de thèse a été d'étudier le rôle de mGluR1 au cours de l'IR myocardique. Notre stratégie, basée sur l'utilisation de souris knock-out, a permis de confirmer l'implication de mGluR1 dans la cardioprotection. L'injection de glutamate au moment de la reperfusion myocardique permet de diminuer significativement la taille de l'infarctus par inhibition de l'apoptose. Cet effet cardioprotecteur est diminué en présence de l'antagoniste spécifique YM 298198 ou en présence de wortmannin, inhibiteur de la PI3-kinase, activée dans la cascade de signalisation du récepteur. La réduction de la taille d'infarctus par le glutamate semble associée à une amélioration de la fonction contractile du ventricule gauche en échocardiographie (par speckle tracking, méthode de quantification de la déformation myocardique) dans un modèle murin d'IR myocardique. Ces résultats, bien que préliminaires, semblent prometteurs et nous permettent d'envisager une application clinique chez le patient coronarien.Myocardial infarction is the major cause of cardiovascular mortality in western countries. Reperfusion as early as possible is the only treatment recognized to reduce infarct size, crucial prognostic factor of morbidity and mortality. However, reperfusion leads to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury leading to irreversible apoptotic death of cardiomyocytes. A transcriptomic approach has allowed us to identify genes specifically regulated upon ischemic postconditioning (PostC) in the mouse heart. Among them, the expression of the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 (mGluR1) gene is up-regulated by PostC. The aim of my thesis work was to study the role of mGluR1 during myocardial IR. Our strategy, based on the use of knockout mice, confirmed the involvement of mGluR1 in cardioprotection. Injection of glutamate at the time of reperfusion significantly reduced infarct size via apoptosis inhibition. This cardioprotective effect was reduced in presence of the specific antagonist YM 298198 or in presence of wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3-kinase, which is activated downstream mGluR1. In our mouse model of myocardial IR injury, decrease in infarct size after glutamate treatment seems to be associated to an improved left ventricular contractile function assessed by echocardiography (speckle tracking method quantifying myocardial strain). These preliminary results are promising and allow us to consider a clinical trial for coronary patients

Etude de la fonction systolique ventriculaire gauche par la technique du speckle tracking dans l'insuffisance mitrale organique sévère à fraction d'éjection conservée

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Fermeture percutanée de foramen ovale perméable dans l'accident vasculaire cérébral (suivi clinique et échographique à moyen terme)

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Prise en charge cardiologique de l'AVC au sein des urgences neuro-vasculaires (expérience au CHU de Montpellier)

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Préconditionnement ischémique à la morphine au cours de l'angioplastie coronaire

MONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF