Remodelage de la racine de l aorte avec annuloplastie sous-valvulaire aortique externe dans la prise en charge chirurgicale des dissections aortiques aiguës de type A (résultats à court terme)

Objectifs: Evaluer le traitement des dissections aortiques aiguës de type A par remodelage de la racine de l aorte avec annuloplastie aortique externe associée (RRAAAE). Méthode: Seize patients présentant une dissection aortique aiguë de type A ont été traités chirurgicalement selon cette technique. Résultats: Les temps de clampage, de CEC et d arrêt circulatoire distal étaient respectivement de 173 +/- 38.9, 211 +/- 53 et 30 +/- 11.7 min. Aucun décès per opératoire n est survenu. Aucun reclampage ou nouvelle circulation extracorporelle (CEC) n a été nécessaire pour réparer ou remplacer la valve aortique. Quatre patients ont été réopérés pour saignement, un pour une amputation de jambe, un pour fenestration de l aorte abdominale et un pour résection du grêle suite à une ischémie mésentérique. L échographie de contrôle retrouvait un seul patient avec une insuffisance aortique modérée (grade 2). Un patient opéré dans des conditions de sauvetage est décédé à J2 d une ischémie cérébrale diffuse. Le taux de mortalité péri-opératoire et hospitalière (30 jours) était de 6.25%. Conclusion : Le remodelage de la racine de l aorte avec annuloplastie sous-valvulaire aortique externe dans le traitement des dissections aortiques aiguë de type A semble réalisable sans augmentation de la morbi-mortalité péri-opératoire.DIJON-BU Médecine Pharmacie (212312103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Case of a floating right atrial thrombus successfully treated with fibrinolysis

International audienceMobile right atrial thrombi are at high risk of causing massive pulmonary embolism and are a medical emergency. This type of thrombus is identified in about 4-18% of pulmonary embolism cases. The presence of a free-floating embolic mass in right atrial or ventricle is often mortal: the death rate can reach 27%. Although surgery is commonly indicated, fibrinolysis is a therapeutic alternative. Here, a 58-year-old man presented to the emergency department for acute dyspnea associated with a painful right leg. Initial exams showed a shunt effect on blood gases with increased brain natriuretic peptide. Transthoracic echography (TTE) found a free-floating thrombus in the right atrium with signs of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction. Bilateral pulmonary embolism was confirmed by computed tomography angiography. Because there were signs of acute cor pulmonale and no contraindications, treatment with systemic fibrinolysis was decided. The treatment was delivered in intensive care unit and a cardiac surgical team was available. Subsequent clinical improvement was observed. TTE follow up at 12 hours revealed complete thrombus dissolution. There were no complications, in particular no hemorrhage. The patient was discharged after eleven days. At 6 months of follow-up, outcomes with oral anticoagulation therapy were satisfactory. Scintigraphy found good symmetrical perfusion of both lungs with stackable ventilation. TTE at 1 year showed preserved left and right ventricular function with no sign of pulmonary arterial hypertension and no thrombus recurrence. Systemic fibrinolysis appears to be a good alternative to surgery in this case

Comparison of automated fastener device Cor-Knot versus manually-tied knot in minimally-invasive isolated aortic valve replacement surgery

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Concomitant Cardiac Surgery and Radiofrequency Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: A Retrospective Single Center Study

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Impact of ascending aorta replacement by graft on elastic properties of descending thoracic aorta evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

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Aortic root remodeling with external annuloplasty for acute type A aortic dissection: Midterm results

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Glucagon-like peptide-1 is associated with poor clinical outcome, lipopolysaccharide translocation and inflammation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

International audienceIntroduction: Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with gut barrier dysfunction. Gut barrier dysfunction might be estimated non-invasively by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plasma concentration. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gut secreted hormone that is a potential marker of mucosal integrity. Our objective was to evaluate GLP-1 as a peri-operative marker of gut barrier dysfunction in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB.Methods: GLP-1, intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and lipopolysaccharide were assayed: at induction, after CPB and 24 h after admission in the intensive care unit. The primary end-point was peri-operative lipopolysaccharide concentration (LPS concentration at those 3 time points).Results: Seventy-two patients were included in the present analysis. The highest measured post-operative GLP-1 concentration was in the sample taken 24 h after admission to intensive care, which was associated with peri-operative lipopolysaccharide plasma concentration. Patients who had the highest GLP-1 concentrations at 24 h experienced more severe inflammation and worse clinical outcomes.Conclusion: Our study supports that GLP-1 is not only a hormone of glucose metabolism but is also secreted when gut barrier is impaired in cardiac surgery with CPB. The GLP-1 levels measured 24 h after admission to the intensive care unit were associated with LPS concentration, inflammation and clinical outcomes

Comparison of two techniques (in vivo and ex-vivo) for evaluating the elastic properties of the ascending aorta: Prospective cohort study

International audienceIntroduction Aneurysms of the ascending aorta (AA) correspond to a dilatation of the ascending aorta that progressively evolves over several years. The main complication of aneurysms of the ascending aorta is type A aortic dissection, which is associated with very high rates of morbidity and mortality. Prophylactic ascending aorta replacement guidelines are currently based on maximal AA diameter. However, this criterion is imperfect. Stretching tests on the aorta carried out ex-vivo make it possible to determine the elastic properties of healthy and aneurysmal aortic fragments (tension test, resistance before rupture). For several years now, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has provided another means of evaluating the elastic properties of the aorta. This imaging technique has the advantage of being non-invasive and of establishing aortic compliance (local measurement of stiffness) without using contrast material by measuring the variation of the aortic surface area during the cardiac cycle, and pulse wave velocity (overall stiffness of the aorta). Materials and methods Prospective single-center study including 100 patients with ascending aortic aneurysm requiring surgery. We will perform preoperative cine-MRI and biomechanical laboratory stretching tests on aortic samples collected during the cardiac procedure. Images will be acquired with a 3T MRI with only four other acquisitions in addition to the conventional protocol. These additional sequences are a Fast Low Angle Shot (FLASH)-type sequence performed during a short breath-hold in the transverse plane at the level of the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery, and phase-contrast sequences that encodes velocity at the same localization, and also in planes perpendicular to the aorta at the levels of the sino-tubular junction and the diaphragm for the descending aorta. For ex-vivo tests, the experiments will be carried out by a biaxial tensile test machine (ElectroForce®). Each specimen will be stretched with 10 times of 10% preconditioning and at a rate of 10 mm/min until rupture. During the experiment, the tissue is treated under a 37°C saline bath. The maximum elastic modulus from each sample will be calculated. Results The aim of this study is to obtain local patient-specific elastic modulus distribution of the ascending aorta from biaxial tensile tests and to assess elastic properties of the aorta using MRI, then to evaluate the correlation between biaxial tests and MRI measurements. Discussion Our research hypothesis is that there is a correlation between the evaluation of the elastic properties of the aorta from cardiac MRI and from stretching tests performed ex-vivo on aorta samples collected during ascending aorta replacement

What Are the Biomechanical Properties of an Aortic Aneurysm Associated with Quadricuspid Aortic Valve?

Association of quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) with ascending aortic aneurysms (AsAA) is rare. A 63-year-old female with hypertension was found (on MRI) to have an ascending aortic aneurysm (52 mm in maximum diameter) and dilatation at the level of the sinotubular junction (38 mm in diameter) associated with quadricuspid aortic valve. An ascending aortic wall replacement surgery was performed. In this study, we focus on the behavior of the aorta associated with QAV considering the in vitro biomechanical characteristics and histology. The properties of QAV are closer to bicuspid aortic valve than tricuspid aortic valve, but with higher wall thickness

Multi-atlas Segmentation of the Aorta from 4D Flow MRI: Comparison of Several Fusion Strategies

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