Fertility-Sparing Surgery for Ovarian Cancer

International audience(1) Background: although most patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) undergo radical surgery, patients with early-stage disease, borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) or a non-epithelial tumor could be offered fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) depending on histologic subtypes and prognostic factors. (2) Methods: we conducted a systematic review to assess the safety and fertility outcomes of FSS in the treatment of ovarian cancer. We queried the MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Cochrane (“Cochrane Reviews”) databases for articles published in English or French between 1985 and 15 January 2021. (3) Results: for patients with BOT, FSS should be offered to young women with a desire to conceive, even if peritoneal implants are discovered at the time of initial surgery. Women with mucinous BOT should undergo initial unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, whereas cystectomy is an acceptable option for women with serous BOT. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) can be initiated in patients with stage I BOT if infertility persists after surgery. For patients with EOC, FSS should only be considered after staging for women with stage IA grade 1 (and probably 2, or low-grade in the current classification) serous, mucinous or endometrioid tumors. FSS could also be offered to patients with stage IC grade 1 (or low-grade) disease. For women with serous, mucinous or endometrioid high-grade stage IA or low-grade stage IC1 or IC2 EOC, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and uterine conservation could be offered to allow pregnancy by egg donation. Finally, FSS has a large role to play in patients with non- epithelial ovarian cancer, and particularly women with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors

The extravascular compartment of the bone marrow: a niche for <it>Plasmodium falciparum</it> gametocyte maturation?

Abstract Background Plasmodium falciparum immature gametocytes accumulate in the bone marrow, but their exact location in this tissue remains unclear. Methods The stage and deposition pattern of gametocytes was analysed on histological sections of a bone marrow sample collected in a patient with subacute P. falciparum malaria. Results A majority (89%) of immature stages II to IV gametocytes and a minority (29%) of mature stage V gametocytes were observed in extravascular spaces. Discussion and conclusion These observations represent a valuable step towards understanding sequestration patterns of P. falciparum gametocytes and may ultimately lead to novel transmission-blocking interventions.</p

The extravascular compartment of the bone marrow: a niche for Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte maturation?

International audienceABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Plasmodium falciparum immature gametocytes accumulate in the bone marrow, but their exact location in this tissue remains unclear. METHODS: The stage and deposition pattern of gametocytes was analysed on histological sections of a bone marrow sample collected in a patient with subacute P. falciparum malaria. RESULTS: A majority (89%) of immature stages II to IV gametocytes and a minority (29%) of mature stage V gametocytes were observed in extravascular spaces. Discussion and conclusion These observations represent a valuable step towards understanding sequestration patterns of P. falciparum gametocytes and may ultimately lead to novel transmission-blocking interventions

Evolution and predictive factors of thyroid disorder due to interferon alpha in the treatment of hepatitis C

AIM: To study predictive factors of thyroid dysfunction associated with interferon-alpha (IFNα) therapy in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and to describe its long-term evolution in a large population without previous thyroid dysfunction

The Integrated Biomarker Response: a suitable tool to evaluate toxicity of metal-based nanoparticles

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The integrated biomarker response: a suitable tool to evaluate toxicity of metal-based nanoparticles

International audienceNanotechnology is a much promising field of science and technology with applications in a wide range of areas such as electronics, biomedical applications, energy and cosmetics. Metal-based engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are common in many technological applications; some of the most common nanoparticles available commercially are silver, gold, copper oxide (CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO) and cadmium sulphide (CdS). The toxicity of metal-based NPs may be either due to their specific physical characteristics as NPs or to the specific toxicity of metals released from NPs under environmental conditions. In this study we evaluated the toxicity effects of a range of ENPs (Ag, Au, CuO, CdS, ZnO) along with a control containing equivalent quantities of dissolved metal on two endobenthic species: the ragworm Hediste diversicolor and the bivalve Scrobicularia plana. A suite of complementary biomarkers was used to reveal toxicity effects. A common challenge in multibiomarkers studies is to go beyond an independent interpretation of each one, and to assess a global response of individuals. The Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) was calculated for both species exposed to the different metal-based ENPs studied or to their dissolved metal counterpart to provide efficient and easy tools for environmental managers. We evidence that metal-based NPs lead to an overall difference in biological responses from that of their dissolved counterparts. The IBR could thus be considered as an efficient tool to transfer research results to stakeholders with possible implementation for regulatory purposes