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    Grants and academic achievement in the university: The case of the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile

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    El sistema estatal de ayuda financiera para la educaci贸n superior en Chile est谩 enfocado en estudiantes de escasos recursos con excelencia acad茅mica, entreg谩ndose como becas o cr茅ditos. En el pa铆s existen tambi茅n beneficios complementarios ofrecidos por cada instituci贸n de educaci贸n superior con requisitos acad茅micos y condiciones socioecon贸micas particulares. Estos beneficios estudiantiles, que han crecido fuertemente desde el a帽o 2005, han permitido el acceso de grupos de ingresos medios y bajos a la educaci贸n superior. Este art铆culo aborda las diferencias en el rendimiento acad茅mico de los estudiantes que accedieron a la Pontificia Universidad Cat贸lica de Chile (entre los a帽os 2007 y 2010) que recibieron becas en comparaci贸n con aquellos que no las recibieron. Se realiz贸 un an谩lisis estad铆stico descriptivo e inferencial con el objetivo de establecer la existencia de diferencias en rendimiento acad茅mico en ambos grupos. El rendimiento acad茅mico se midi贸 principalmente como promedio de notas y tasas de persistencia anuales. En el caso del promedio de notas, se utiliz贸 el test de diferencias de medias y en el caso de las tasas de persistencia se us贸 la prueba de Chi-cuadrado. La investigaci贸n muestra que los alumnos beneficiados por las principales becas asignadas sobre la base de caracter铆sticas socioecon贸micas y exigentes criterios de desempe帽o acad茅mico obtuvieron promedios de notas y tasas de persistencia similares, y en algunos casos mejores, que los alumnos no beneficiados. Esta informaci贸n es relevante para la discusi贸n sobre la equidad en el acceso y desempe帽o en la educaci贸n superior y el papel de los beneficios socioecon贸micosThe state system of financial aid for higher education in Chile is focused on low-income students who also show academic merit, and it comprises both grants or loans. Benefits offered by each institution of higher education with academic requirements and particular socioeconomic conditions also exist. These student benefits, which have grown strongly since 2005, have allowed access of middle- and low-income students to higher education. This article explores the differences in academic performance of students who joined the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (between 2007 and 2010) who received scholarships compared to those who did not. We used descriptive and inferential statistics to analyze the academic performance of students with and without aid. Academic performance was measured mainly by grade point average and annual persistence rates. We used t-tests to study differences in grade point average and Chi-square tests to study differences in persistence rates. This research indicates that students who received the main need-based grants that also require high academic performance have similar, and in some cases higher, grade point average and persistence rates, than those students who did not receive these grants. Our results are relevant for the discussion about the equity on access and academic performance in higher education and the role of financial ai
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