10 research outputs found

    Evaluation of therapy with sub-antimicrobial dose of doxycycline as a modulator of the immune-inflammatory response of the host model of periodontal disease and the effects of this therapy on the susceptibility of Porphyromonas gingivalis

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    Orientadores: Pedro Luiz Rosalen, Gilson Cesar Nobre FrancoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Periodontite é a doença multifatorial que envolvem interações entre algumas espécies bacterianas, como Porphyromonas gingivalis W83 e células do hospedeiro. Levando a uma resposta imuno-inflamatória que causa a destruição do tecido ósseo e gengival Neste contexto, fármacos com a habilidade de modular este processo imuno-inflamatório podem auxiliar no tratamento da doença periodontal (DP). A doxiciclina em dose subantimicrobiana (DDS), apresenta propriedades anti-inflamatórias pela sua atuação em algumas vias da inflamação. No entanto, ainda é discutido o efeito desta terapia dobre a susceptibilidade bacteriana por longo tempo. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os efeitos da DDS como um modulador da resposta imuno-inflamatória do hospedeiro na DP induzidas em ratos e avaliar a susceptibilidade da P. gingivalis cultivadas com DDS por longo tempo. A DP foi induzida em ratos Wistar machos (SPF) submetidos à colocação de ligadura em torno dos primeiros molares inferiores foram randomizados e divididos em 3 grupos experimentais (n=10 animais/grupo/experimento): 1) grupo controle: ratos sem ligadura e sem tratamento; 2) grupo ligadura: ratos com ligadura e tratados com solução NaCl 0,9 %) e 3) grupo ligadura + DDS: ratos com ligadura e tratados com a DDS (5 mg/kg/dia). No tecido gengival, extraídos de animais tratados por 3 dias, foram avaliadas as expressões gênicas de TNF-'alfa' IL-1' beta', IL-17 e PAR2 através de RTPCR. As mandíbulas dos ratos tratados por 15 dias foram usadas para mensuração da reabsorção óssea alveolar (coradas com Hematoxilina e Eosina) e da quantidade de fibras colágenas (coradas com Picrosirius- Vermelho). Para a análise microbiológica, a P. gingivalis (ATCC BAA-308) foi cultivada por 3 meses (45 gerações) em meio de cultura contendo 0,4 ug/mL de DDS e avaliada por meio de concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) para Amoxiciclina, Doxiciclina e Metronidazol. A DDS inibiu significativamente os níveis de RNAm do tecido gengival para os IL-1' beta', IL-17, TNF-'alfa' e PAR2 (P0,05). Na análise da susceptibilidade de P. gingivalis a DDS não apresentou resistência multi-antibiótica para esta cepa, entretanto, houve uma alteração nos valores de CIM para todos antibióticos testados com a P. gingivalis crescida ao longo do tempo. Em conjunto, os dados demonstram que a DDS diminuiu a resposta inflamatória, a reabsorção óssea e a degradação de colágeno no modelo utilizado de DP, indicando sua atividade como moduladora da resposta do hospedeiro na DP. A alteração microbiana com o uso contínuo e de longo período de DDS modificou a sensibilidade da P. gingivalis, entretanto não desenvolveu resistência antibiótica a doxiciclinaAbstract: Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease involving interactions between some bacterial species, as Porphyromonas gingivalis W83, and host cells. Leading to an immune-inflammatory response that causes the destruction of bone and gingival. In this context, drugs with the ability to modulate immuno-inflammatory process that may aid in the treatment of periodontal disease (PD). Doxycycline dose subantimicrobiana (DDS) has anti-inflammatory properties because of its role in some pathways of inflammation. However, it is still discussed the effect of this therapy fold the bacterial susceptibility for a long time. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of DDS as a modulator of the immune-inflammatory response in the host DP induced in rats and to evaluate the susceptibility of P. gingivalis grown with DDS for a long time. The DP was induced in male Wistar rats (SPF) submitted of ligature around the first molars and divided into three experimental groups (n = 10 animals/group/experiment): 1) control group: rats without ligature and without treatment; 2) ligature group: rats with ligature and treated with 0.9% NaCl solution and 3) ligature + SDD group: rats with ligature and treated with SDD (5 mg/kg/day). In gingival tissue, extracted from animals treated for 3 days, we assessed the gene expression of TNF-'alpha', IL-1'beta', IL-17 and PAR2 by RT-PCR. The jaws of rats treated for 15 days were used for measurement of alveolar bone resorption (stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin) and collagen fibers (stained with Picrosirius-Red). For microbiological analysis, P. gingivalis was grown for 3 months (45 generations) in culture medium containing 0.4 ug/mL of SDD and evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). SDD significantly inhibited mRNA levels of the gingival tissue for IL-1'beta', IL-17, TNF-'alpha' and PAR2 (p 0.05). In the analysis of susceptibility to P. gingivalis SDD showed no multi-antibiotic resistance for this strain, however, there was a change in the MIC values for all antibiotics tested with P. gingivalis growth to long-time. Together, these data demonstrate that SDD reduced the inflammatory response, bone resorption and collagen degradation in PD, indicating its activity as a modulator of the host response in PD. Furthermore, SDD affected the sensitivity of P. gingivalis, however not developing antibiotic resistance with 3 months therapyDoutoradoFarmacologia, Anestesiologia e TerapeuticaDoutor em Odontologi

    Bioassay guided purification of the antimicrobial fraction of a Brazilian propolis from Bahia state

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Brazilian propolis type 6 (Atlantic forest, Bahia) is distinct from the other types of propolis especially due to absence of flavonoids and presence of other non-polar, long chain compounds, but presenting good <it>in vitro </it>and <it>in vivo </it>antimicrobial activity. Several authors have suggested that fatty acids found in this propolis might be responsible for its antimicrobial activity; however, so far no evidence concerning this finding has been reported in the literature. The goals of this study were to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the main pure fatty acids in the ethanolic extract and fractions and elucidate the chemical nature of the bioactive compounds isolated from Brazilian propolis type 6.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Brazilian propolis type 6 ethanolic extract (EEP), hexane fraction (H-Fr), major fatty acids, and isolated sub-fractions were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high resolution gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (HRGC-FID), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Three sub-fractions of H-Fr were obtained through preparative HPLC. Antimicrobial activity of EEP, H-Fr, sub-fractions, and fatty acids were tested against <it>Staphyloccus aureus </it>ATCC 25923 and <it>Streptococcus mutans </it>Ingbritt 1600 using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>EEP and H-Fr inhibited the growth of the microorganisms tested; nevertheless, no antimicrobial activity was found for the major fatty acids. The three sub-fractions (1, 2, and 3) were isolated from H-Fr by preparative HPLC and only sub-fraction 1 showed antimicrobial activity.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>a) The major fatty acids tested were not responsible for the antimicrobial activity of propolis type 6; b) Sub-fraction 1, belonging to the benzophenone class, was responsible for the antimicrobial activity observed in the present study. The identification of the bioactive compound will improve the development of more efficient uses of this natural product.</p

    Sucessos e insucessos na implantodontia

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    A possibilidade de tratamento com implantes osseointegraveis revolucionou a Odontologia, expandindo as possibilidades de reabilitação da função mastigatória, fonética e estética facial. O tratamento com implantes osseointegrados faz parte da estratégia de melhoria da qualidade de vida da população. Genericamente, a terapêutica com implantes osseointegrados apresenta índices de sucesso maiores que 90%. (Albrektsson et al., 1986; Smith & Zarb, 1989; Renouard & Rangert,1999). Apesar do alto percentual de sucesso, todo profissional enfrentará, de forma inevitável, algum tipo de insucesso na osseointegraçao que está ao redor de 5% a 10% (Bert, 1995). As variáveis que aumentam as possibilidades de insucesso e complicações são denominadas fatores de risco endógeno (do paciente) e exógeno (sistema de implantes e equipe operadora). Os fatores de risco endógenos influenciam no resultado da cirurgia de instalação dos implantes, na obtenção e manutenção da osseointegraçao, na qualidade estética, nos segmentos dos protocolos e na manutenção do tratamento em longo prazo. As metodologias para diagnostico estão centradas na anamnese e questionários escritos, no exames radiográficos, nos exames intra e extra-oral, nos modelos de estudo e guias, na avaliação médica, nos exames pré-operatórios, na expectativa, na disponibilidade temporal, nos aspectos econômico-financeiros e psico-socio-emocional do paciente. Assim, o implantodontista pode controlar, modificar ou eliminar os fatores de risco e determinar o prognóstico, classificando o paciente podendo indicar ou contra-indicar (temporariamente ou permanentemente) o tratamento com implantes osseointegrados

    Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of compound from propolis type 6

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    Orientadores: Pedro Luiz Rosalen, Severino M. AlencarDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Própolis é um produto natural mundialmente reconhecido por suas propriedades biológicas, com atividades antimicrobiana e anticariogênica. A própolis brasileira do tipo 6 da região de mata atlântica (BA), Nordeste, apresenta na composição química uma grande quantidade de compostos apolares, na maioria não identificada, e ausência de flavonóides, aos quais são atribuídos a atividade biológica. Entretanto, esta própolis apresenta alta atividades antimicrobiana e anticariogênica in vitro e in vivo. Assim, os objetivos deste estudo foram: (a) avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana e a composição química da própolis tipo 6, do seu extrato etanólico, frações e ácidos graxos encontrados em sua composição, identificando o(s) responsável(is) pela sua atividade biológica; e (b) isolar e identificar o(s) composto(s) bioativo(s) da própolis tipo 6, responsável pela atividade antimicrobiana. O extrato etanólico (EEP), as frações hexânica (H-Fr) e polar (P-Fr) obtidos pela técnica de fracionamento líquido-líquido foram analisados por Cromatografia Gasosa de Espectofometria de Massa (CG-EM), Cromatografia Gasosa de Ionização de Chama (CGFID), Cromatografia Liquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE) e foram testados contra Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt 1600 e Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 determinandose as Concentrações Inibitória (CIM) e Bactericida (CBM) Mínima. A H-Fr foi cromatografada em coluna LH-20, gerando 9 sub-frações, as quais foram avaliadas quanto à atividade antimicrobiana em difusão em ágar com S. aureus, para seleção da fração bioativa, e destinada ao isolamento dos compostos por CLAE preparativa. Somente um composto isolado demonstrou atividade antimicrobiana, o qual foi identificado por Ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) de 1H, 13C e Infravermelho (IR) como sendo uma benzofenona prenilada demonimada de Plukenetiona H. Este composto foi testado contra Streptococcus mutans UA159, treptococcus sobrinus 6715, Streptococcus gordonii ATCC10558, Streptococcus oralis PB182, Actinomyces naeslundii ATCC 12104 e Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 para determinação da CIM, CBM e para a inibição da aderência celular ao biofilme de S. mutans UA159 e S. sobrinus 6715. Os ácidos graxos testados não apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana, entretanto a Plukenetiona H apresentou forte atividade antimicrobiana para os microrganismos testados, com CIM variando de 1,5 - 6.2 µg/mL e CBM: 26 - 106 µg/mL. Pelo fato da molécula bioativa ser uma nova substância nunca relatada na literatura e possuir alta atividade antimicrobiana contra vários microrganismos patogênicos, este composto apresenta-se como um pormissor agente antimicrobiano. Palavras-chave: Própolis tipo 6, Benzofenona prenilada, Atividade antimicrobianaAbstract: Propolis is a natural product globally known for its biological properties, with antimicrobial and anticariogenic activity. The chemical composition of the propolis type 6, from northeastern Brazil, Atlantic forest, Bahia state, consists of non-polar compounds, most of which are not identified, and absence of flavonoids, which are attributed to its biological activity; however, propolis presents good anticariogenic and antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the aim of this study was (a) to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of propolis type 6, its ethanolic extract, fractions and fatty acids found in its composition, and (b) to isolate and identify its bioactive compound. Its ethanolic extract (EEP) and hexane (H-Fr) and polar (P-Fr) fractions obtained with the liquid-liquid technique were analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), gas chromatography flame ionization (GC-FID), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and then tested against Streptococcus mutans Igbritt 1600 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Minimal inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) concentrations were determined. The H-Fr was rechromatographed in LH-20 column, generating 9 sub-fractions, which were tested for antimicrobial activity against S. aureus in agar diffusion to determine its bioactive fraction. Preparative HPLC was used to isolate its bioactive compounds. Only one compound isolated demonstrated antimicrobial activity and was identified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), 1H, 13C and Infrared (IR) as a prenylated benzodenone and denominated Plukenetione H. This compound was tested against Streptococcus mutans UA159, Streptococcus sobrinus 6715, Streptococcus gordonii ATCC10558, Streptococcus oralis PB182, Actinomyces naeslundii ATCC 12104 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 to determine the MIC and MBC and to determine cell adhesion inhibition in biofilm of S. mutans UA159 and S. sobrinus 6715. Propolis fatty acids tested showed no antimicrobial activity; however, its compound Plukenetione H showed good antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms tested, with MIC ranging from 1.5 to 6.2 µg/mL and MBC from 26 to 106 µg/mL. Further studies are needed to investigate this new compound, a promising antimicrobial agent. Key words: Brazilian propolis, prenylated benzophenone, antimicrobial activityMestradoFarmacologia, Anestesiologia e TerapeuticaMestre em Odontologi

    Identification of a bioactive compound isolated from Brazilian propolis type 6

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    Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)A prenylated benzophenone, hyperibone A, was isolated from the hexane fraction of Brazilian propolis type 6. Its structure was determined by spectral analysis including 2D NMR. This compound exhibited cytotoxic activity against HeLa tumor cells (IC(50) = 0.1756 mu M), strong antimicrobial activity (MIC range-0.73-6.6 mu g/mL; MBC range-2.92-106 mu g/mL) against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus oralis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Actinomyces naeslundii, and the results of its cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities were considered good. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.171453325335Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)FAPEMIG[EDT-240/05]Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

    Identification of a bioactive compound isolated from Brazilian propolis type 6

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    A prenylated benzophenone, hyperibone A, was isolated from the hexane fraction of Brazilian propolis type 6. Its structure was determined by spectral analysis including 2D NMR. This compound exhibited cytotoxic activity against HeLa tumor cells (IC(50) = 0.1756 mu M), strong antimicrobial activity (MIC range-0.73-6.6 mu g/mL; MBC range-2.92-106 mu g/mL) against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus oralis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Actinomyces naeslundii, and the results of its cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities were considered good. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.CNPq[131758/2006-3]CNPq[302222/2008-1]FAPESP[2004/08635-6]FAPEMIG[EDT-240/05

    Identification of a bioactive compound isolated from Brazilian propolis type 6.

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    A prenylated benzophenone, hyperibone A, was isolated from the hexane fraction of Brazilianpropolistype6. Its structure was determined by spectral analysis including 2D NMR. This compound exhibited cytotoxic activity against HeLa tumor cells (IC50 = 0.1756 μM), strong antimicrobial activity (MIC range—0.73–6.6 μg/mL; MBC range—2.92–106 μg/mL) against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus oralis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Actinomyces naeslundii, and the results of its cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities were considered good

    Low-temperature plasma: an effective approach against Candida albicans biofilm

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    This study evaluated the antifungal potential of low-temperature plasma (LTP) on a 72-hour Candida albicans biofilm. A growth inhibition zone test was conducted with agar plates inoculated with C. albicans and submitted to LTP and argon application at 3 and 10 mm for 10, 30, 60, 90, and 120 seconds. The groups for biofilm assays were 60 seconds of LTP application with a tip-to-sample distance of 3 mm (LTP-3) and 10 mm (LTP-10); –application of only argon gas for 60 seconds with a tip-to-sample distance of 3 mm (Ar-3) and 10 mm (Ar-10); and no treatment. The C. albicans biofilm was grown on saliva-coated discs. The medium was replaced every 24 hours. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed the proportion of live and dead cells, and variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM) showed biofilm/cell structure. No inhibition zone was observed for control and either Ar groups. For the LTP groups, a progressively increasing of inhibition zone diameter was observed for different treatment durations. The LTP-3 and LTP-10 groups presented higher proportions of dead cells compared with the Ar-3 and Ar-10 groups. VPSEM revealed cell perforations in the LTP-3 and LTP-10 groups. A short period of LTP exposure demonstrated an antifungal effect on C. albicans biofilm
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