Role of Hole Injection in Electroforming of LiF-Polymer Memory Diodes

Al/LiF/poly(spirofluorene)/Ba/Al diodes submitted to bias voltages near 15 V undergo a change to a nonvolatile memory known as electroforming. Prior to electroforming, electron trapping occurs, followed by a tunneling current due to electrons from the polymer into LiF. At the onset voltage for electroforming, a sudden electroluminescence burst originating from electronic excitations in the polymer is detected. This confirms that hole injection into the polymer through LiF occurs leading to nonvolatile resistive switching

Recent advances in psychoneuroimmunology: inflammation in psychiatric disorders

Psychiatric disorders are common and complex and their precise biological underpinnings remain elusive. Multiple epidemiological, molecular, genetic and gene expression studies suggest that immune system dysfunction may contribute to the risk for developing psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. However, the precise mechanisms by which inflammation-related events confer such risk are unclear. In this review, we examine the peripheral and central evidence for inflammation in psychiatric disorders and the potential molecular mechanisms implicated including inhibition of neurogenesis, apoptosis, the HPA-axis, the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the interplay between the glutamatergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems