A multilayer anisotropic plate model with warping functions for the study of vibrations reformulated from Woodcock's work

In this paper, a plate model suitable for static and dynamic analysis of inhomogeneous anisotropic multilayered plates is described. This model takes transverse shear variation through the thickness of the plate into account by means of warping functions which are determined by enforcing kinematic and static assumptions at the layers interfaces. This model leads to a 10 x 10 behavior matrix in which membrane strains, bending curvatures, and transverse shear x and y-derivatives are coupled, and to a classical 2 x 2 shear behavior matrix. This model has been proven to be very efficient, especially when high ratios -up to 10E5- between the stiffnesses of layers are present. This work is related to Woodcock's model, so it can be seen as a reformulation of his work. However, it propose several enhancements: the displacement field is made explicit; it is reformulated with commonly used plate notations; laminate equations of motion are fully detailed; the place of this model relatively to other plate models is now easy to see and is discussed; the link between this formulation and the original one is completely written with all necessary proofs; misses and errors have been found in the energy coefficients of the original work, and then have been corrected; it is now easy to improve or to adapt the model for specific applications with the choice of refined or specific warping functions

Free energy and entropy of a dipolar liquid by computer simulations

Thermodynamic properties for a system composed of dipolar molecules are computed. Free energy is evaluated by means of the thermodynamic integration technique, and it is also estimated by using a perturbation theory approach, in which every molecule is modeled as a hard sphere within a square well, with an electric dipole at its center. The hard sphere diameter, the range and depth of the well, and the dipole moment have been calculated from properties easily obtained in molecular dynamics simulations. Connection between entropy and dynamical properties is explored in the liquid and supercooled states by using instantaneous normal mode calculations. A model is proposed in order to analyze translation and rotation contributions to entropy separately. Both contributions decrease upon cooling, and a logarithmic correlation between excess entropy associated with translation and the corresponding proportion of imaginary frequency modes is encountered. Rosenfeld scaling law between reduced diffusion and excess entropy is tested, and the origin of its failure at low temperatures is investigated.Postprint (author's final draft

Compulsory social security participation revealed preferences

The study starts with a classification of the enterprises depending on their participation to the Vietnam social security. Among the enterprises that contribute, one striking feature is that on average the share in the wage bill of the contributions paid to the Vietnam social security is much lower than the contribution rate established in the law. Even if the enterprises that do not register their employees are excluded from the calculation, the average ratio is of 7.6 percent while the legal rate was in 2006 equal to 23 percent. The study, consequently, examine this issue before investigating the characteristics of the enterprises that do not register their employees. The paper shows that this low ratio is due to a wide practice by enterprises of paying contributions on lower wages than current wages. The paper investigates, furthermore, who benefit from the practice of avoiding registration and from the practice of under-reporting wages to social security. The results indicate strong evidence that employees in enterprises that are not registered to social security and in enterprises that under report wage receive higher net wages.Labor Markets,Labor Policies,Pensions&Retirement Systems,State Owned Enterprise Reform,Income

Influence of hydrogen bonds and temperature on dielectric properties

Dielectric properties are evaluated by means of molecular dynamics simulations on two model systems made up of dipolar molecules. One of them mimics methanol, whereas the other differs from the former only in the ability to form hydrogen bonds. Static dielectric properties such as the permittivity and the Kirkwood factor are evaluated, and results are analyzed by considering the distribution of relative orientations between molecular dipoles. Dipole moment–time correlation functions are also evaluated. The relevance of contributions associated with autocorrelations of molecular dipoles and with cross-correlations between dipoles belonging to different molecules has been investigated. For methanol, the Debye approximation for the overall dipole moment correlation function is not valid at room temperature. The model applies when hydrogen bonds are suppressed, but it fails upon cooling the nonassociated liquid. Important differences between relaxation times associated with dipole auto- versus cross-correlations as well as their relative relevance are at the root of the Debye model breakdown.Postprint (author's final draft

XML technology assisted research paper abstract writing

iven its briefness, inherent complexity and massive and critical use in scientific discourse, the research paper abstract (RP A) is a text type particularly interesting for both linguistic modelling (writing and reading) and automatic processing (generation and parsing). Even though the current literature on these fields is large and promising, there are still various gaps to fill, especially in the domain of the interplay between linguistic modelling and the development of applications for the solution of communication problems. Our purpose here is to present the RedACTe Project's approach to the design of software oriented to rhetorical and linguistic assistance in RP A writingFil: Castel, Víctor M.

Privatization and Economic Strategy in Mozambique

Sub-Saharan Africa, Mozambique, Conflict, Economic reform