251 research outputs found

    Creation of unstable particles and decoherence in semiclassical cosmology

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    We consider a simple cosmological model in order to show the importance of unstable particle creation for the validity of the semiclassical approximation. Using the mathematical structure of rigged Hilbert spaces we show that particle creation is the seed of decoherence which enables the quantum to classical transition.Comment: latex file; 18 pages. Some changes have been added. To appear in Gen. Rel. and Gra

    The arrow of time: from universe time-asymmetry to local irreversible processes

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    In several previous papers we have argued for a global and non-entropic approach to the problem of the arrow of time, according to which the ''arrow'' is only a metaphorical way of expressing the geometrical time-asymmetry of the universe. We have also shown that, under definite conditions, this global time-asymmetry can be transferred to local contexts as an energy flow that points to the same temporal direction all over the spacetime. The aim of this paper is to complete the global and non-entropic program by showing that our approach is able to account for irreversible local phenomena, which have been traditionally considered as the physical origin of the arrow of time.Comment: 48 pages, 8 figures, revtex4. Accepted for publication in Foundations of Physic

    Sugerencias, reflexiones y patologías sobre la creatio ex nihilo

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    La cosmología actual, basada en el modelo del Big Bang, presupone la existencia de una singularidad espacio-temporal, cuya descripción detallada ano escapa tanto a la física como a la filosofía pero que, sin embargo, habilita una interesante discusión sobre el tema. Ese evento singular, de en efecto haber sucedido en un pasado remoto, habría dado eventualmente origen a partir de la "nada" a todo lo que luego formará nuestro universo observable: una "creatio ex nihilo" que sugiere el origen temporal del universo a partir de ningún objeto o cosa "preexistente"; una creatio ex níhilo que implica también el propio origen del tiempo (lo que por cierto impide todo razonamiento hecho antes de la creación del universo; Gangui, 2005). En esta nota discutiremos esta idea. Una primera observación es que lo que aquí denominados: "la nada" poco tiene que ver con "la Nada" de los filósofos, sobre la cual, siendo los autores tan solo físicos, no nos atreveríamos a discutir con profundidad suficiente. Nuestra "nada" será más bien el "vacío'' de los físicos, de modo que la expresión "ex nihilo" debiera quizás substituirse por "ex vacuo", cuyo estatus ontológico es más transparente . Seguiremos, sin embargo, usando la terminología donde "nada'' sugiere un universo tan vacío que, en cuanto a su contenido de materia-energía, este ni siquiera existe

    Minimal irreversible quantum mechanics. The decay of unstable states

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    Brownian motion is modelled by a harmonic oscillator (Brownian particle) interacting with a continuous set of uncoupled harmonic oscillators. The interaction is linear in the coordinates and the momenta. The model has an analytical solution that is used to study the time evolution of the reduced density operator. It is derived in a closed form, in the one-particle sector of the model. The irreversible behavior of the Brownian particle is described by a reduced density matrix.Comment: 39 pages, 2 figure
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