Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method

In this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;

Association of Adipose tissue inflammation with histologic severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

BACKGROUND & AIMS : The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased with the obesity pandemic. We analyzed the transcriptional profiles of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and phenotypes and functional characteristics of adipocyte tissue macrophages (ATMs), in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. METHODS : We collected anthropometric data; plasma samples; and SAT, VAT, and liver tissues from 113 obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery at academic hospitals in Europe (Antwerp and Leuven) and South Africa. Based on clinical and histologic features, patients were assigned to the following groups: obese, NAFLD, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or NASH with fibrosis. Microarray analyses were performed to identify genes expressed differentially among groups. We measured levels of cytokines and chemokines in plasma samples and levels of RNAs in adipose tissues by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. ATMs were isolated from patients and 13 lean individuals undergoing cholecystectomy (controls), analyzed by flow cytometry, and cultured; immunophenotypes and levels of cytokines and chemokines in supernatants were determined. RESULTS : We observed increased expression of genes that regulate inflammation in adipose tissues from patients with NAFLD and NASH; expression of these genes increased as disease progressed from NAFLD to NASH. We found 111 genes associated with inflammation that were expressed differentially between VAT and SAT. Serum levels of interleukin 8, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3, and tumor necrosis factor-a correlated with liver inflammation and NAFLD activity score. We developed 2 models that could be used to determine patients’ liver histology based on gene expression in VAT and SAT. Flow cytometry showed increased proportions of CD11cþCD206þ and CCR2þ macrophages in VAT from patients with NASH, and supernatants of cultured macrophages had increased levels of cytokines and chemokines compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS : VAT and SAT from patients with NAFLD and NASH have an increased expression of genes that regulate inflammation, and ATM produce increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, compared with adipose tissues from controls. We identified an expression profile of 5 genes in SAT that accurately predict liver histology in these patients. Transcript profiling: accession numbers: GSE58979 and GSE59045.Schalk van der Merwe, Chantal Mathieu, Frederik Nevens, David Cassiman, and Sven Francque are recipients of the Flanders fund for scientific research (FWO klinisch mandaat), and Hannelie Korf is a recipient of the FWO postdoctoral mandate. Research at the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of the Antwerp University Hospital (Belgium) was supported by the European Union: FP6 (HEPADIP contract LSHM-CT-2005-018734) and FP7-HEALTH (RESOLVE no. 305707). Supported by a fellowship from the South African Gastroenterology Association and a scholarship from the European Association for the Study of the Liver (J.d.P.). This research also was supported by a research grant from the Gastro foundation of South Africa. The authors specifically acknowledge the support of Dr. Chris Kassianides. Also funded in part by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG-SFB 1052/1: Obesity Mechanisms (projects A04) and by the Helmholtz Alliance Imaging and Curing Environmental Metabolic Disease through the Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association (M.G.).http://www.journals.elsevier.com/gastroenterology2016-09-30hb2016Internal Medicin

Harald Klingelhöller

The authors analyse Klingelhöller's sculptures, considering their meaning in relation to image, language and space. Biographical notes

Lili Dujourie

Pohlen focuses on the use of illusion in the series "Les Ombres" while Cassiman examines the questions of appearance and being in Dujourie's cloth sculptures and installations. 4 bibl. ref

Exploring the scope of open innovation: a bibliometric review of a decade of research

The concept of open innovation has attracted considerable attention since Henry Chesbrough first coined it to capture firms’ increasing reliance on external sources of innovation. Although open innovation has developed into a prospering topic in innovation management research, it has also triggered debates pertaining to the coherence of the research endeavors pursued under this umbrella, including its theoretical foundations. In this paper we aim to contribute to these debates by means of a bibliometric review of the first decade of open innovation research. We combine two techniques – bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis – to visualize the network of publications that explicitly use the label ‘open innovation’ and to arrive at distinct clusters of thematically related publications. Our findings illustrate that open innovation research mainly builds upon four related streams of prior research, whilst the bibliographic network of open innovation research portrays seven – persistently pursued – thematic clusters. While ‘open innovation’ is used in a variety of contexts, the research agenda has developed into a coherent field of research which resides mainly in the management (business) literature. As such, there is considerable cross-fertilization potential by embracing concepts and insights from complementary fields (economics, sociology), e.g. transaction cost economics and network analysis

Co-ownership of intellectual property: exploring the value creation and appropriation implications of co-patenting

The results indicate that financial ratios of SMEs differ between industries. Industry, measured by the weight-of-evidence (WoE), is a significant variable in default prediction of SMEs. Rating models designed for a specific industry (trade, service, or manufacturing) contain other variables and/or variables have other weights than for a generic PD model. Industry specific default prediction models perform slightly better than the generic model with industry effects, except for the service industry, where the industry specific model considerably outperforms the generic PD model

Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling methodology

status: publishe

Exploring the scope of open innovation: A bibliometric review of a decade of research

The concept of open innovation has attracted considerable attention since Henry Chesbrough first coined it to capture firms’ increasing reliance on external sources of innovation. Although open innovation has developed into a prospering topic in innovation management research, it has also triggered debates pertaining to the coherence of the research endeavors pursued under this umbrella, including its theoretical foundations. In this paper we aim to contribute to these debates by means of a bibliometric review of the first decade of open innovation research. We combine two techniques – bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis – to visualize the network of publications that explicitly use the label ‘open innovation’ and to arrive at distinct clusters of thematically related publications. Our findings illustrate that open innovation research mainly builds upon four related streams of prior research, whilst the bibliographic network of open innovation research portrays seven – persistently pursued – thematic clusters. While ‘open innovation’ is used in a variety of contexts, the research agenda has developed into a coherent field of research which resides mainly in the management (business) literature. As such, there is considerable cross-fertilization potential by embracing concepts and insights from complementary fields (economics, sociology), e.g. transaction cost economics and network analysis.nrpages: 58status: publishe