Toll-managed lane pioneers: Lessons from five US states

Toll-managed lanes have become an increasingly popular technique among transportation policymakers for managing congestion on existing highways and, in some cases, financing the construction of new lanes in congested urban corridors. Although growing in popularity, the adoption of these facilities is concentrated in five states: Texas, California, Colorado, Minnesota, and Florida. This paper examines the adoption and utilization of toll-managed lanes in these pioneer states. Using archival, case-based research, our analysis suggests that the adoption of toll-managed lanes was driven by a combination of factors, including rapid population growth, near or above average growth in vehicle miles traveled (VMT), and insufficient gas tax funding for transportation investments. Implementation was also generally similar across states but some of the pioneers delegated the management of their toll-managed lane programs to special regional highway authorities while others used state highway agencies

Modern microwave methods in solid state inorganic materials chemistry: from fundamentals to manufacturing

No abstract available

Antibiotic use and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a population-based case–control study

Antibiotic use in 759 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients and 589 controls was compared. Neither total antibiotic use (odds ratio=0.7, 95% confidence interval=0.5–1.2), nor antibiotic use by site, was associated with total NHL, or NHL subtypes. There were no trends with frequency or age at first use (P trend=0.23 and 0.26, respectively)

Integrated motor drives: state of the art and future trends

With increased need for high power density, high efficiency and high temperature capabilities in Aerospace and Automotive applications, Integrated Motor Drives (IMD) offers a potential solution. However, close physical integration of the converter and the machine may also lead to an increase in components temperature. This requires careful mechanical, structural and thermal analysis; and design of the IMD system. This paper reviews existing IMD technologies and their thermal effects on the IMD system. The effects of the power electronics (PE) position on the IMD system and its respective thermal management concepts are also investigated. The challenges faced in designing and manufacturing of an IMD along with the mechanical and structural impacts of close physical integration is also discussed and potential solutions are provided. Potential converter topologies for an IMD like the Matrix converter, 2-level Bridge, 3-level NPC and Multiphase full bridge converters are also reviewed. Wide band gap devices like SiC and GaN and their packaging in power modules for IMDs are also discussed. Power modules components and packaging technologies are also presented

The Cheyenne Star

Weekly newspaper from Cheyenne, Oklahoma that includes local, county, state, and national news along with advertising

The Cheyenne Star

Weekly newspaper from Cheyenne, Oklahoma that includes local, county, state, and national news along with advertising

The Cheyenne Star

Weekly newspaper from Cheyenne, Oklahoma that includes local, county, state, and national news along with advertising

The Cheyenne Star

Weekly newspaper from Cheyenne, Oklahoma that includes local, county, state, and national news along with advertising