INVESTIGAÇÃO SOBRE AS RELAÇÕES FAMILIARES DE IDOSOS COM IDEAÇÃO SUICIDA E TENTATIVA DE SUICÍDIO

Risk factors for suicide in the elderly are mainly related to death of loved ones, illness and family relationships. Thus, this article analyzes the family relationships of the elderly with ideation and suicidal attempts. Made in the city of Teresina-PI, since it is among the ten municipalities with the highest rate of suicide among the elderly. It was verified that the surveyed elderly experience conflicts in family relationships, feel scorned, abandoned and rejected by relatives, reasons for which they blame themselves; they live together in a family environment, but in an isolated way, they live socially isolated and in psychic suffering, with mental disorders, which favor suicidal ideation. Thus, the researched elderly seek religiosity as ways of coping and giving meaning to life.Os fatores de risco para o suicídio em pessoas idosas são, principalmente, relacionados a morte de entes queridos, doenças e relações familiares. Assim, este artigo analisa as relações familiares de idosos com ideação e tentativas suicidas. Realizado na cidade de Teresina-PI, visto que se encontra entre os dez municípios nacionais com maior índice de ocorrência de suicídio entre idosos. Verificou-se que os idosos pesquisados vivenciam conflitos nas relações familiares, sentem-se desprezados, abandonados e rejeitados pelos familiares, motivos pelos quais se culpam; convivem em meio familiar, mas de modo isolado, vivem isolados socialmente e em sofrimento psíquico, com transtornos mentais, que favorecem a ideação suicida. Assim, os idosos pesquisados buscam a religiosidade como formas de enfrentamento e de dar sentido à vida

Maternal mortality committee and death surveillance in Recife in improving information: ex-ante and ex-post evaluation

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the contribution of the Maternal Mortality and Death Surveillance Committee for women of childbearing age (WCA) and maternal mortality in the magnitude of maternal mortality and in the qualification of the causes of death in Recife, Brazil. Methods: ex ante/ex post evaluation, ecological, of the annual indicators of mortality of WCA, maternal and case study of declared maternal deaths according to causes of death before and after surveillance. Deaths of WCA (2010 and 2017) were analyzed. The percentage of investigation of deaths of WCA was calculated; their rates and maternal mortality ratio (MMR) were estimated; the groups of causes of death, classification of death, the moment of death, the proportional variation before and after surveillance, and the relocation of the causes after this process were described. Results: 4.327 (97.0%) of deaths of WCA were investigated (increase of 40.7% of maternal deaths) and MMR of 62.9/100 thousand live births. Improved notifications of immediate/late (75.0%) and remote (300.0%) postpartum; there was a difference in direct obstetric causes, total maternal deaths and late maternal death (p<0.001). Conclusion: the surveillance and the Maternal Mortality Committee showed potential in identifying the magnitude and qualification of causes of maternal death in order to propose the interventions directed to obstetric care

Microcephaly in Pernambuco State, Brazil: epidemiological characteristics and evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of cutoff points for reporting suspected cases.

The increase in the number of reported cases of microcephaly in Pernambuco State, and Northeast Brazil, characterized an epidemic that led the Brazilian Ministry of Health to declare a national public health emergency. The Brazilian Ministry of Health initially defined suspected cases as newborns with gestational age (GA) ≥ 37 weeks and head circumference (HC) ≤ 33cm, but in December 2015 this cutoff was lowered to 32cm. The current study aimed to estimate the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of different cutoff points for HC, using ROC curves, with the Fenton and Intergrowth (2014) curves as the gold standard. The study described cases reported in Pernambuco from August 8 to November 28, 2015, according to sex and GA categories. The Fenton and Intergrowth methods provide HC growth curves according to GA and sex, and microcephaly is defined as a newborn with HC below the 3rd percentile in these distributions. Of the 684 reported cases, 599 were term or post-term neonates. For these, the analyses with ROC curves show that according to the Fenton criterion the cutoff point with the largest area under the ROC curve, with sensitivity greater than specificity, is 32cm for both sexes. Using the Intergrowth method and following the same criteria, the cutoff points are 32cm and 31.5cm for males and females, respectively. The cutoff point identified by the Fenton method (32cm) coincided with the Brazilian Ministry of Health recommendation. Adopting Intergrowth as the standard, the choice would be 32cm for males and 31.5cm for females. The study identified the need to conduct critical and on-going analyses to evaluate cutoff points, including other characteristics for microcephaly case definition

Panoramic snapshot of serum soluble mediator interplay in pregnant women with convalescent COVID-19: an exploratory study

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy can induce changes in the maternal immune response, with effects on pregnancy outcome and offspring. This is a cross-sectional observational study designed to characterize the immunological status of pregnant women with convalescent COVID-19 at distinct pregnancy trimesters. The study focused on providing a clear snapshot of the interplay among serum soluble mediators.MethodsA sample of 141 pregnant women from all prenatal periods (1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters) comprised patients with convalescent SARS-CoV-2 infection at 3-20 weeks after symptoms onset (COVID, n=89) and a control group of pre-pandemic non-infected pregnant women (HC, n=52). Chemokine, pro-inflammatory/regulatory cytokine and growth factor levels were quantified by a high-throughput microbeads array.ResultsIn the HC group, most serum soluble mediators progressively decreased towards the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy, while higher chemokine, cytokine and growth factor levels were observed in the COVID patient group. Serum soluble mediator signatures and heatmap analysis pointed out that the major increase observed in the COVID group related to pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-12, IFN-γ and IL-17). A larger set of biomarkers displayed an increased COVID/HC ratio towards the 2nd (3x increase) and the 3rd (3x to 15x increase) trimesters. Integrative network analysis demonstrated that HC pregnancy evolves with decreasing connectivity between pairs of serum soluble mediators towards the 3rd trimester. Although the COVID group exhibited a similar profile, the number of connections was remarkably lower throughout the pregnancy. Meanwhile, IL-1Ra, IL-10 and GM-CSF presented a preserved number of correlations (≥5 strong correlations in HC and COVID), IL-17, FGF-basic and VEGF lost connectivity throughout the pregnancy. IL-6 and CXCL8 were included in a set of acquired attributes, named COVID-selective (≥5 strong correlations in COVID and &lt;5 in HC) observed at the 3rd pregnancy trimester.Discussion and conclusionFrom an overall perspective, a pronounced increase in serum levels of soluble mediators with decreased network interplay between them demonstrated an imbalanced immune response in convalescent COVID-19 infection during pregnancy that may contribute to the management of, or indeed recovery from, late complications in the post-symptomatic phase of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women

Avaliação da implantação do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc) em Pernambuco Evaluation of the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) in the Brazilian State of Pernambuco

OBJETIVOS: avaliar o estágio de implantação do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc) em Pernambuco. MÉTODOS: trata-se de uma pesquisa avaliativa do tipo análise de implantação, que relaciona o grau de implantação aos resultados. Para aferição do grau de implantação foi realizada uma avaliação normativa, segundo a abordagem de Donabedian (1980). O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas etapas: 1ª) Foi construído o modelo lógico expondo os componentes do sistema, após consulta aos documentos, e elaborada a matriz de indicadores e de julgamento; 2ª) Foram realizadas: entrevistas individuais e observação direta, de acordo com a matriz de indicadores no âmbito estadual e regional; análise dos documentos e do banco de dados do Sinasc. RESULTADOS: os resultados mostraram o Sinasc como "implantado" (80,8%) no nível central estadual, enquanto no âmbito regional o grau de implantação variou entre "parcialmente implantado avançado" (69,3%) e "parcialmente implantado incipiente" (43,3%). CONCLUSÕES: este estudo revelou aspectos organizacionais e operacionais do Sinasc que precisam ser implementados para manter o padrão de cobertura ideal e excelente qualidade das informações.OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the implantation stage of the Live Birth Information System (Sinasc) in the Brazilian State of Pernambuco. METHODS: an implantation analysis type evaluative study was carried out relating the degree of implantation with the results. The degree of implantation was measured by way of normative assessment, using the approach developed by Donabedian (1980). The study was divided into two stages: 1) a logical model was built up, revealing the components of the system, after consultation of documents and the development of a matrix of indicators and judgments; 2) individual interviews and direct observations were carried out using the matrix of indicators at State and regional level, along with analysis of documents and the SINASC database. RESULTS: the results show the SINASC to be "implanted" (80.8%) at central State level, while at regional level the degree of implantation varies from "partial advanced implantation" (69.3%) to "partial initial implantation" (43.3%). CONCLUSIONS: this study revealed organizational and operational details of the Sinasc that need to be implemented in order to maintain ideal coverage and excellence in the provision of information

Avaliação da implantação do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade no estado de Pernambuco em 2012

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar a implantação do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) em Pernambuco, Brasil. Métodos: pesquisa avaliativa; utilizaram-se dados primários (questionários) e secundários (SIM) referentes aos municípios para estimar o grau de implantação (GI), confrontando indicadores de estrutura e processo aos de resultado; consolidaram-se os dados por região e estado. Resultados: o SIM estava parcialmente implantado no estado (70,6%) e regiões (66,3 a 74,8%); ‘gestão’ (75,1%), ‘emissão e preenchimento’ (79,1%) e ‘processamento’ (71,7%), parcialmente implantados; ‘coleta’ (80,7%), implantada; ‘distribuição e controle’ (49,7%) e ‘análise e divulgação’ (58,0%), com implantação incipiente; encontraram-se valores superiores a 90% para cobertura, óbitos com causa básica definida, municípios com transferência de dados mensal e declarações de óbito digitadas e enviadas oportunamente; verificou-se coerência entre GI e indicadores de resultado, estes melhores quanto maior o GI. Conclusão: o SIM mostrou-se parcialmente implantado, por inadequações na distribuição, controle, análise e divulgação, influenciando desfavoravelmente os efeitos observados

A strategy action from the Cievs/Pernambuco in response to the emergency on Congenital Syndrome associated to Zika virus infection: an integrative action

Abstract Objectives: to describe the strategy action from the Centro de Informações Estratégicas de Vigilância em Saúde (Cievs/PE) (Strategic Information on Health Surveillance Center) in response to the emergency on Congenital Syndrome associated to Zika virus infection (CSZ) in Pernambuco State between 2015 and 2016. Methods: description performed on the strategies and activities developed by Cievs/PE during the important international public health emergency related to CSZ. Results: participated in detecting suspected CSZ cases; participated in elaborating clinical epidemiological protocols; developed electronic forms to notify CSZ cases and pregnant women with exanthema rashes; prepared epidemiological reports; developed a website about the emergency on the Cievs/PE website; insert the occurrence in the Comitê de Avaliação e Monitoramento de Eventos (CAME) (Committee to Assess and Monitor Occurrence); resolution of demands during readiness; technical visits from National and International institutions. The actions developed by the Cievs/PE were fundamental in detecting and following-up on 2,073 CSZ cases. 390 cases were confirmed (18.1%) and 1,413 were discarded (65.6%), and 4,467 pregnant women had exanthema rash. Conclusions: the action from the Cievs/PE allowed to employ timely strategies on preparation and response in a qualified and cooperative way to face public health emergency on CSZ'