CHARACTERISTICS OF ONLINE SERVICE AND SOFTWARE FIRM IPOS SOFTWARE FIRM IPOS

Physical goods creation involves significant variable costs while online service provision and software development often do not. The objective of this study is to investigate whether these cost structure variations lead to differences in the characteristics of initial public offerings (IPOs) for traditional firms versus online service and software firms

The Marketing and Sale of Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) through Internet-Based Investment Bankers

Internet-based investment bankers provide companies with another sales channel for selling stock through initial public offerings (IPOs). The research issue that arises from this new process is to identify the differences between the traditional process and the new online process. Based on evidence from several investment banking firms that provide an electronic market for IPOs, we evaluate the new IPO sales process using transaction cost economics analysis. We find that the new online process typically results in benefits to the seller such as lower investment banker commissions and higher receipts from the sale, but also involves a higher level of risk when compared with the process that uses traditional investment bankers. Our overall conclusion is that the new process is a benefit to both IPO companies and investors because it provides an alternative online market that increases the level of competition for investment bankers and improves the overall efficiency of the market for IPOs

Measured reduction in Alfv\'en wave energy propagating through longitudinal gradients scaled to match solar coronal holes

We have explored the effectiveness of a longitudinal gradient in Alfv\'en speed in reducing the energy of propagating Alfv\'en waves under conditions scaled to match solar coronal holes. The experiments were conducted in the Large Plasma Device at the University of California, Los Angeles. Our results show that the energy of the transmitted Alfv\'en wave decreases as the inhomogeneity parameter, $\lambda/L_{\rm A}$, increases. Here, $\lambda$ is the wavelength of the Alfv\'en wave and $L_{\rm A}$ is the scale length of Alfv\'en speed gradient. For gradients similar to those in coronal holes, the waves are observed to lose a factor of $\approx 5$ more energy than they do when propagating through a uniform plasma without a gradient. We have carried out further experiments and analyses to constrain the cause of wave energy reduction in the gradient. The loss of Alfv\'en wave energy from mode coupling is unlikely, as we have not detected any other modes. Contrary to theoretical expectations, the reduction in the energy of the transmitted wave is not accompanied by a detectable reflected wave. Nonlinear effects are ruled out as the amplitude of the initial wave is too small and the wave frequency well below the ion cyclotron frequency. Since the total energy must be conserved, it is possible that the lost wave energy is being deposited in the plasma. Further studies are needed to explore where the energy is going

Center for Multiscale Plasma Dynamics: Report on Activities (UCLA/MIT), 2009-2010

The final 'phaseout' year of the CMPD ended July 2010; a no cost extension was requested until May 2011 in order to enable the MIT subcontract funds to be fully utilized. Research progress over this time included verification and validation activities for the BOUT and BOUT++ code, studies of spontaneous reconnection in the VTF facility at MIT, and studies of the interaction between Alfven waves and drift waves in LAPD. The CMPD also hosted the 6th plasma physics winter school in 2010 (jointly with the NSF frontier center the Center for Magnetic Self-Organization, significant funding came from NSF for this most recent iteration of the Winter School)

Online Investment Banking Phase I: Distribution via the Internet and Its Impact on IPO Performance

In the past few years, there has been a growth in Internet markets run by online investment bankers, where companies and investors can buy and sell initial public offerings (IPOs) of corporate stock. In this study, we confine our examination to the first of what we anticipate will be several phases in the evolution of Internet IPOs: the online distribution of shares. This implies the beginning of a general disintermediation in the IPO process where traditional roles of investment banks are being circumvented via the Internet as participants search for greater market efficiency. This is an important research area because potentially it affects all public companies, or companies considering going public, the investment banking industry, and all stock investors. We address two research issues not considered by previous studies. What factors affect organizational choice of online vs. traditional IPO distribution? What are the financial performance differences for IPOs distributed using online and traditional processes? These issues were addressed using company characteristic and financial performance data from 27 IPOs from the last half of 1998. We find that the Internet IPO firms are larger, have younger CEOs, choose more reputable investment banks and are more likely to be involved in a Web-based business, directly employing the Internet in their product or service, than the firms that choose the traditional method of going public. In addition, market performance, both initially and over the first three months of trading, is significantly greater for Internet IPOs

Parliamentary Procedure Interactive Notebook

These resources were developed as an undergraduate student research experience. During the summer and fall of 2018, the Agricultural Education faculty in the Department of Teaching, Learning & Leadership recruited teachers and students to pilot and suggest revisions to these resources and to report their effectiveness in promoting engagement and learning of Parliamentary Procedure. This item contains three downloadable files. Student and teacher notebooks are designed to be printed on 8.5 x14 pages in booklet format. The cutouts are on standards letter size paper