Genetic evaluation for productive traits in endangered Portuguese Malhado de Alcobaça pig

Malhado de Alcobaça (MA) is a swine breed from center west Portugal, recognized in 2003. Herdbook (LGMA) has information of >17,000 animals (1985-2022). It´s a very endangered breed with only 244 sows, 18 boars and 12 breeders. Within the scope of MA’s genetic conservation plan, for genetic evaluation, genetic parameters and fixed effects were estimated for birth weight (PN), for adjusted weight at 30 d (P30) and at 90 d (P90). Pedigree records (n=16,883) and weighing records (nPN=9,198; nP30=5,799; nP90=2,429) from LGMA of 362 litters were compiled. Genetic parameters and fixed effects, genetic values and precisions were predicted for PN, P30 and P90, through BLUP, with a mixed model including fixed effects of breeder × year of birth, season of birth, sex, age of mother (linear / quadratic effect) and as random effects genetic value of animal, maternal genetic effect and permanent environmental effect of litter. Fixed effects of prolificacy and number of weaned piglets were included as covariates, respectively, in PN and P30/P90 analyses. Mean values for PN 1.32±0.28 kg, 7.16±1.6 kg P30 and 34.1±6.4 kg P90 were recorded. For PN, P30 and P90, respectively, a heritability for direct effects of 0.170±0.156, 0.145±0.161 and 0.293±0.175; a maternal heritability of 0.084±0.109, 0.124±0.173 and 0.250±0.186 and a genetic correlation between direct and maternal effects of -0.344, -0.524 and -0.174 was estimated. Permanent environmental effect of litter was 0.395±0.056 PN, 0.403±0.086 P30 and 0.129±0.047 P90. In fixed effects, a superiority was observed for males of +0.031 kg PN, +0.046 kg P30 and +0.201 P90. Breeder × year effect showed maximum differences of 0.93, 5.21 and 19.25 kg for PN, P30 and P90, respectively, with Spring being the best season of birth. Sow age at farrowing had a quadratic effect for all traits. For each increase of 1 piglet in prolificacy, PN, P30 and P90 were reduced by 4, 7 and 58 g, respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Influência da dupla ninhada nos parâmetros produtivos e comportamentais em genética Danbred

Publicação resultante do painel apresentado no XX Congresso Nacional de Zootecnia.The pressure that the swine sector has been suffering searching for methods and techniques that are more efficient, capable of increasing the number of piglets per sow, led to the hiperprolific sows, which go against the conventional concepts of swine facilities concerning farrowing crates. Also, the animal welfare when it comes to farrowing crates starts to become a very discussed subject, as much for the piglets as for the sows. After several studies developed in various locations, which evidenced the benefits of farrowing crates with mixed litters, it was decided to study that kind of litter. Thereby it was tested if the productive values of hiperprolific sows would increase, and also if it would increase the welfare of the piglets. The study was conducted between 11th of April and 19th of July in Santo Cristo’s farm, which is exploited by Euroeste, SA. company, located in Cartaxo, Portugal. The aim of this study was to evaluate if mixed litters help to wean more piglets, if they gain more weight by having more food options, and if their welfare is improved, helping the animal to be better prepared for the future, after weaning. Initially, through analysis with SAS software, which included the fixed effects of type of method used (if mixed litter or control), the location in the farm where they were, the month of birth, the age at weaning and the cycle of the sow, we evaluated the number of piglets weaned per sow, the average weight per weaned piglet, the daily weight gain calculated with the total values of the weights, the daily weight gained calculated with the average values of the piglets, and the percentage of weaned animals in comparison to the initial number of litters. Secondly, through the SAS program, were analysed the individual weights registered at weaning of 857 piglets, with an average weight of 5,91±1,41kg, with the aim of evaluating the environmental factors such as the method, location in the farm, month of weaning, age at weaning, cycle of the sow and age of the piglets at the beginning of the study. In conclusion for the production parameters this method does not show significant improvements however, it also has no disadvantage in productive terms, which demonstrates that it is a viable alternative to the intensive systems of isolated farrowing systems implemented today in most of the intensive farms. Secondly, it can also be concluded that, in behavioural terms, this method showed some improvement in pre-weaning behaviour, by improving the interactions between litters, and the natural contact between the animals and the increase of consumption of pre-starter.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Linear profiling in Lusitano horses: genetic parameters and plans for further development

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Reproductive performance of danbred sows on a commercial pig farm

Avaliou-se o desempenho produtivo de uma linha genética de suínos hiperprolífica, numa exploração industrial intensiva de produção de porcos para abate. Utilizou-se um total de 238 fêmeas da linha genética DanBred, beneficiadas com sémen de varrascos de raça Duroc ou Pietrain. Analisaram-se diversos parâmetros produtivos, considerando como variáveis de resposta o número de leitões nascidos por parto: totais, vivos, mortos e mumificados. Nos primeiros dias pós-parto, procedeu-se à uniformização das ninhadas e, posteriormente, avaliou-se o número leitões desmamados. Determinaram-se algumas estatísticas descritivas dos parâmetros produtivos em estudo com recurso ao Proc Means do SAS. Procedeu-se a uma análise de variância com o Proc GLM do SAS e através de um modelo linear que incluiu os efeitos da linha genética do varrasco e o efeito linear e quadrático do número de parto, com o objetivo de avaliar como estes efeitos ambientais influenciaram as variáveis de resposta. O número médio de leitões por parto totais, vivos, mortos e mumificados foi 19,04 ± 4,87, 16,69 ± 3,87, 1,57 ± 1,82 e 0,79 ± 1,83, respetivamente. O número médio de leitões nascidos vivos foi superior aos valores médios obtidos em Portugal e em explorações dinamarquesas, incluindo explorações que se encontram no top 10% mais produtivas, situando-se próximo do limite inferior do Top 3 dinamarquês. O número médio de leitões desmamados (13,34 ± 2,00) sugere que devam ser melhoradas as condições pós-parto e/ou aleitamento.The reproductive performance of a hyperprolific line of pigs on an intensive farrow-to-finish farm was analyzed. A total of 238 DanBred sows, inseminated with Duroc or Pietrain semen, were used. On the first days post-partum, litters were equalized; at weaning, litter size was recorded. Several productive parameters were analyzed, considering as response variables the total number of piglets born, and the numbers of born alive, stillborn and mummified piglets, per farrowing. Some descriptive statistics of the productive parameters under study have been determined with SAS Proc Means. Analysis of variance was performed with SAS Proc Mixed and a linear model including sire genetic line and linear and quadratic parity effects. The average number of piglets born alive per farrowing (16.69 ± 3.87) was higher than average numbers attained in Portugal and on Danish farms, including part of the top 10 percent, being close to the lower limit of the Danish Top 3. The average number of piglets weaned (13.34 ± 2.00) suggests that post-partum and/or suckling conditions should be improved.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Desempenho produtivo de porcas da linha genética DANBRED (DF1-LW X LR) exploradas em suinicultura industria

A utilização de porcas hiperprolificas na suinicultura industrial é uma filosofia produtiva com especial relevância em países como França e Dinamarca. Nos últimos anos, também Portugal tem incorporado algumas destas linhas genéticas hiperpolíticas nos seus efectivos reprodutores. Porém, a maximização da produtividade numérica envolve alguma controvérsia, face aos seus efeitos colaterais. Há necessidade de encontrar resposta para o maneio destas linhas hiperpolíticas e garantir a viabilidade do leitão. A uma maior produtividade numérica e, consequente, rentabilidade económica / porca, contrapõem-se maior taxa de mortalidade de leitões, maior variabilidade de peso ao nascimento e menor peso individual, maior risco sanitário e a necessidade de mão-de obra especializada. O trabalho realizado teve com objetivo avaliar o desempenho produtivo de uma linha genética de suínos hiperprolifica, numa exploração industrial intensiva de produção de porcos para abate. Utilizou-se um total de 238 fêmeas da linha genética DanBred (DF1-LWxLR), beneficiadas com sémen de varrascos de raça Duroc ou Pietrain. As porcas foram distribuídas aleatoriamente por dois grupos, homogéneos no que respeita ao respetivo número de parto. Analisaram-se diversos parâmetros produtivos, considerando como variáveis de resposta o número de leitões nascidos por parto: totais (NascTot), vivos (NascViv), mortos (NascMort) e mumificados (NascMum). Nos primeiros dias pós-parto, procedeu-se à uniformização das ninhadas e, posteriormente, avaliou-se o número leitões desmamados (Desm). Determinaram-se algumas estatísticas descritivas dos parâmetros produtivos em estudo com recurso ao Proc Means do SAS. Procedeu-se a uma análise de variância com o Proc Mixed do SAS e através de um modelo linear que incluiu os efeitos da linha genética do varrasco e o efeito linear e quadrático do número de parto, com o objetivo de avaliar como estes efeitos ambientais influenciaram as variáveis de resposta. O número médio de leitões por parto NascTot, NascViv, NascMort e NascMum foi 19.04±4.87, 16.69±3.87, 1.57±1.82 e 0.79±1.83, respetivamente. O número médio de leitões nascidos vivos (NascViv) foi superior aos valores médios obtidos em Portugal e em explorações dinamarquesas, incluindo explorações que se encontram no top 10% mais produtivas, situando-se próximo do limite inferior do Top 3 dinamarquês. Já o número médio de leitões desmamados (Desm) observado (13.34±2.00), embora superior aos valores médios obtidos em Portugal, ficou aquém dos valores médios obtidos em explorações dinamarquesas. Esta observação sugere que devam ser melhoradas as condições pós-parto e/ou aleitamento, que permitam minorar a taxa de mortalidade de leitões.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Overview of drug allergy: From immunogenetic basis to practice

Drug therapy is often a balance between the beneficial and harmful effects of drugs. Drug allergic reactions are adverse reactions mediated by immunological mechanisms and usually not related to the pharmacological actions of the drug. They can be classified based either on the clinical presentation or the underlying immunological mechanism. Although uncommon, drug allergic reactions are unpredictable and can be very severe, even life threatening. The aim of this review was to provide clinicians from different medical specialties with a working tool to improve management of their patients with suspected drug allergy. It was conducted as a non-systematic review, and attempts to describe the complexity of drug allergy. The information included ranges from pathophysiology to the heterogeneous clinical presentation, with a special focus on the drugs most frequently involved, as well as a classification of reactions and risk factors. Despite all advances in this challenging and complex field of allergy and clinical immunology, drug allergy is not yet fully established and understood. An exceptional contribution was brought by pharmacogenomics, even though a specific pharmacogenetic association has only been defined for a very limited number of drugs. Further studies are needed to obtain clearer answers when managing each individual case of drug allergy

Raça Puro-Sangue Lusitano – Caracterização Genética por Análise Demográfica 2020

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Raça suína Malhado de Alcobaça – avaliação genética 2023

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Raça suína Malhado de Alcobaça: caracterização genética por análise demográfica - 2022

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