3 research outputs found
Exploring the relationship between land-use and pesticides in freshwater ecosystem: A case study of the Araguaia River Basin, Brazil
Freshwater aquatic ecosystems are vulnerable to human activities within their surroundings, presenting a concerning scenario for aquatic organisms and human subsistence. Therefore, understanding the occurrence of pesticide contamination is a necessary condition to safeguard aquatic biodiversity and human health. We analysed the pesticide residues in water samples, using the solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique and determination by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS/MS). We also we investigated whether land use influences water contamination by pesticides in the middle and upper Araguaia River basin, situated in the central region of Brazil in the Cerrado biome. We evaluated the effect of land use and land cover type on pesticide occurrence in nine subbasins using mixed linear models. We registered the occurrence of pesticides in all subbasins. After water analysis a total of eight pesticides were found: atrazine, carbendazim, cyanazine, imidacloprid, 2,4-D, clomazone, chlorpyrifos-ethyl, and imazalil. Atrazine and carbendazim were detected during both sampling years. The active ingredient atrazine and clomazone were registered in all studied subbasins, with concentrations ranged from 0.006–0.207 µg L−1 and 0.183–0.373 µg L−1, respectively. There were no significant relationships observed between the number of pesticides and the type of land use and land cover, a result possibly related to the short sampling period, as these pesticides are largely used for fungi and insect control in agricultural areas. The presence of pesticides in the water may have potentially detrimental effects on aquatic biodiversity because sampled pesticides have been associated with anomalies in ontogenetic development, diseases, and mortality in organisms. Based on European legislation, it was evident that most of the subbasins had pesticide concentrations in the water exceeding the safety levels for human consumption. Thus, it is crucial for Brazilian legislation to establish maximum limits for pesticide concentrations in water to ensure safe drinking water for the Brazilian population. Additionally, a permanent monitoring system should be established to understand contamination trends in this basin and to take appropriate actions to mitigate adverse impacts
AMAZONIA CAMTRAP: a dataset of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest
The Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scattered across the published, peer-reviewed and grey literature and in unpublished raw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazon regions to compile the most extensive dataset of inventories of mammal, bird and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete dataset comprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals and 13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eight countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxa were: mammals - Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds - Pauxi tuberosa (3,713 records); and reptiles - Tupinambis teguixin (716 records). The information detailed in this data paper opens-up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climate change and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of the most important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The dataset is not copyright restricted; please cite this data-paper when using its data in publications and we also request that researchers and educators inform us of how they are using this data
AMAZONIA CAMTRAP: A data set of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest
The Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on Earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scattered across the published, peer-reviewed, and gray literature and in unpublished raw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazon regions to compile the most extensive data set of inventories of mammal, bird, and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete data set comprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals, and 13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eight countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxa were: mammals: Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds: Pauxi tuberosa (3713 records); and reptiles: Tupinambis teguixin (716 records). The information detailed in this data paper opens up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climate change, and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of the most important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The data set is not copyright restricted; please cite this data paper when using its data in publications and we also request that researchers and educators inform us of how they are using these data