PROPOSTA METODOLÓGICA PARA O AJUSTE ÓTIMO DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DIAMÉTRICA WEIBULL 3P

A distribuição de Weibull de três parâmetros tem ampla utilização na área florestal. Existem três métodos para ajustar a distribuição, os quais consideram o parâmetro de locação como um termo independente que deve ser conhecido para obter os restantes parâmetros. Esta proposta metodológica visa, através de um processo interativo, otimizar o ajuste de cada um dos métodos mais utilizados para esta finalidade, sendo eles: máxima verossimilhança, momentos e percentis. Esta proposta visa minimizar o dn do teste de aderência de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Observou-se que os valores de dn da distribuição Weibull de três parâmetros são inferiores aos obtidos na de dois parâmetros nos três métodos de ajuste. Observou-se ainda que os valores dn de cada método não apresentam diferenças expressivas, mas quando são comparadas as probabilidades associadas à magnitude tornam-se relevantes e justificam a metodologia proposta. Concluiu-se que esta nova metodologia é uma alternativa útil para ajuste de distribuições diamétricas e aplicações em modelagem do crescimento e da produção de povoamentos florestais. A NEW METHOD FOR THE OPTIMUM FITTING OF THE 3-P WEIBULL DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION Abstract The Weibull probability distribution of three parameters has wide use forestry. There are three fitting methods used for this purpose, which take into consideration the location parameter as an independent term that should be known previously to obtain the remaining parameters. This methodological proposal aims at showing an iterative method of optimization the fitting of the three parameters of the Weibull function in each one of the methods: maximum likelihood, moments, and percentiles. The proposed method minimizes the statistical dn of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of goodness-of-fit. It was noticed that dn of the three parameters Weibull distribution are lower than those of the two parameters function for the three fitting methods. It was also observed that dn values of each method were not significantly different one another, but when the probabilities were compared expressive differences were noticed, indicating the methodology is adequate. It was concluded that the new methodology is a useful alternative for the fitting of diameter distributions and application in modeling of growth and yield of forest stands

Risk of newly detected infections and cervical abnormalities in adult women seropositive or seronegative for naturally acquired HPV-16/18 antibodies

Funder: GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SAPeer reviewedPublisher PD

Proposta metodológica para o ajuste ótimo da distribuição diamétrica SB de Johnson

A distribuição de SB de Johnson tem ampla utilização na área florestal. Basicamente há cinco métodos para ajustar essa distribuição, e quatro deles consideram o parâmetro de locação (ε) e de escala (λ) como termos independentes que devem ser conhecidos para obter os demais parâmetros. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido visando propor uma nova metodologia para determinar os parâmetros de locação e de escala que otimizam o ajuste dos cinco métodos ao minimizar a estatística "dn" do teste de aderência de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Posteriormente, com o objetivo de testar a metodologia proposta, utilizou-se o aplicativo de otimização não linear "Solver.xla" do Microsoft Excel 2000, definindo a função objetivo e restrições de cada método de ajuste. Como conclusão, percebeu-se que a metodologia proposta demonstrou constituir alternativa interessante de ajuste da distribuição SB de Johnson, possibilitando seu ajuste otimizado. Dessa forma, recomenda-se que a metodologia proposta seja amplamente empregada para fins de determinação dos parâmetros do modelo quando do ajuste dessa distribuição probabilística muito usada na área florestal

Crystal structure and spectroscopic properties of N0 -methoxycarbonylsulfenyl-substituted ureas, CH3OC(O)SN(H)C(O)NRR0 [R = H, R0 = AC(CH3)3 and R = R0 = ACH2CH3]

Structural and spectroscopic properties of N,N-diethyl- (I) and N-tert-butyl-N0 -methoxycarbonylsulfenyl urea (II) are analyzed using a combined approach with data obtained from X-ray diffraction, vibrational spectra and quantum chemical calculations. The molecular structures of CH3OC(O)SN(H)C(O)N(CH2CH3)2 (I) and CH3OC(O)SN(H)C(O)N(H)C(CH3)3 (II), the later co-crystallized with ethyl acetate (II 1/2EtOAc), were determined by X-ray diffraction methods. Compound I crystallizes in the triclinic space group P- 1 and II0.5EtOAc in the orthorhombic space group Pnma. In I, there are two independent but closely related molecules in the asymmetric unit whose conformations differ only in the orientation of the terminal N(CH2CH3)2 groups. Neighboring molecules in I exhibit NAHO interaction giving rise to a polymeric chains. The conformation of the OAC@OASANAC@OAN skeleton of II is almost identical to the corresponding one of both molecules of I. Neighboring molecules in II are linked through bifurcated NAHOHAN interactions giving rise to a polymeric chain. The vibrational properties have been studied by FTIR and FT-Raman spectroscopy along with quantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6- 311+G level.Fil: Torrico Vallejos, Sonia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Química Inorgánica "Dr. Pedro J. Aymonino". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Química Inorgánica "Dr. Pedro J. Aymonino"; Argentina. Universidad Mayor de San Simón; BoliviaFil: Erben, Mauricio Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Química Inorgánica "Dr. Pedro J. Aymonino". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Química Inorgánica "Dr. Pedro J. Aymonino"; ArgentinaFil: Gómez Ruiz, Santiago. Universität Leipzig; AlemaniaFil: Hey Hawkins, Evamarie. Universität Leipzig; AlemaniaFil: Echeverría, Gustavo Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Piro, Oscar Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Della Védova, Carlos Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Química Inorgánica "Dr. Pedro J. Aymonino". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Química Inorgánica "Dr. Pedro J. Aymonino"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Química. Laboratorio de Servicios a la Industria y al Sistema Científico; Argentin

Risk of newly detected infections and cervical abnormalities in adult women seropositive or seronegative for naturally acquired HPV-16/18 antibodies

10.1002/cam4.1879CANCER MEDICINE8104938-495

Risk of newly detected infections and cervical abnormalities in adult women seropositive or seronegative for naturally acquired HPV‐16/18 antibodies

Abstract Background Infections with human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 account for ~70% of invasive cervical cancers but the degree of protection from naturally acquired anti‐HPV antibodies is uncertain. We examined the risk of HPV infections as defined by HPV DNA detection and cervical abnormalities among women >25 years in the Human Papilloma VIrus Vaccine Immunogenicity ANd Efficacy trial's (VIVIANE, NCT00294047) control arm. Methods Serum anti‐HPV‐16/18 antibodies were determined at baseline and every 12 months in baseline DNA‐negative women (N = 2687 for HPV‐16 and 2705 for HPV‐18) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from blood samples. HPV infections were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) every 6‐months, and cervical abnormalities were confirmed by cytology every 12 months. Data were collected over a 7‐year period. The association between the risk of type‐specific infection and cervical abnormalities and serostatus was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models. Results Risk of newly detected HPV‐16‐associated 6‐month persistent infections (PI) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.56 [95%CI:0.32; 0.99]) and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC‐US+) (HR = 0.28 [0.12; 0.67]) were significantly lower in baseline seropositive vs baseline seronegative women. HPV‐16‐associated incident infections (HR = 0.81 [0.56; 1.16]) and 12‐month PI (HR = 0.53 [0.24; 1.16]) showed the same trend. A similar trend of lower risk was observed in HPV‐18‐seropositive vs ‐seronegative women (HR = 0.95 [0.59; 1.51] for IIs, HR = 0.43 [0.16; 1.13] for 6‐month PIs, HR = 0.31 [0.07; 1.36] for 12‐month PIs, and HR = 0.61 [0.23; 1.61] for ASC‐US+). Conclusions Naturally acquired anti‐HPV‐16 antibodies were associated with a decreased risk of subsequent infection and cervical abnormalities in women >25 years. This possible protection was lower than that previously reported in 15‐ to 25‐year‐old women

Rayas de agua dulce (Potamotrygonidae) de Suramérica. Parte II. Colombia, Brasil, Perú, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay y Argentina

El libro es la continuación de una iniciativa de hace ya unos años (2012), donde varios países del área de distribución de la familia, decidieron unirse al ver como este recurso estaba disminuyendo o bien, era prácticamente desconocido. Este grupo tiene un gran impacto principalmente por su importancia como recurso pesquero ornamental, aunque también se usa como alimento, en la pesca deportiva y tiene incidencia en la salud pública. Para poder mitigar la posible sobreexplotación, surgió la necesidad de regular el comercio e intentar convertir la pesca ornamental de rayas en una actividad sostenible. Por ello, desde 2012 el IAvH junto a varios países propusieron la inclusión de varias especies al Apéndice III de Cites. Una de las limitantes de esta propuesta y por la cual no prosperó en su inicio, fue la falta de información sobre las especies.Bogotá, D. C

Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics in Evaluation of LIXisenatide in Acute Coronary Syndrome, a long-term cardiovascular end point trial of lixisenatide versus placebo

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Furthermore, patients with T2DM and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have a particularly high risk of CV events. The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, lixisenatide, improves glycemia, but its effects on CV events have not been thoroughly evaluated. METHODS: ELIXA (www.clinicaltrials.gov no. NCT01147250) is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study of lixisenatide in patients with T2DM and a recent ACS event. The primary aim is to evaluate the effects of lixisenatide on CV morbidity and mortality in a population at high CV risk. The primary efficacy end point is a composite of time to CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Data are systematically collected for safety outcomes, including hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, and malignancy. RESULTS: Enrollment began in July 2010 and ended in August 2013; 6,068 patients from 49 countries were randomized. Of these, 69% are men and 75% are white; at baseline, the mean ± SD age was 60.3 ± 9.7 years, body mass index was 30.2 ± 5.7 kg/m(2), and duration of T2DM was 9.3 ± 8.2 years. The qualifying ACS was a myocardial infarction in 83% and unstable angina in 17%. The study will continue until the positive adjudication of the protocol-specified number of primary CV events. CONCLUSION: ELIXA will be the first trial to report the safety and efficacy of a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist in people with T2DM and high CV event risk