Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Chemotherapy and radiation therapy elicits tumor specific T cell responses in a breast cancer patient

Timeline of MCC-002 treatment. A 63-year-old woman (MCC-002) was diagnosed with invasive ductal breast carcinoma (stage II, T2N3M0) after a suggestive result in a control process by mammography (BIRADS 6). After the realization of the biopsy, the tumor is positive for HER2/neu (C-erb2), and NY-ESO 1, and negative for hormonal receptors (ER and PR), with compromised axillary lymph nodes but no evidence of bone metastasis. This patient was screened for HLA-A2 by flow cytometry that was confirmed by SSP-PCR for HLA-A*02:01. After signed informed consent, we obtained by leukapheresis a preparation of 150 mL buffy coat enriched in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This patient was treated with modified radical mastectomy (MRM) of the left breast including axillary clearance (5 of 21 lymph nodes were compromised with tumor), with no complications. After surgery (September 2008), the patient was treated with 12 weekly doses of paclitaxel (150 mg) and was programmed for one year of treatment with trastuzumab (440 mg every three weeks) and four weeks of radiotherapy (2.5Gy daily). In March 2009, after the fifth dose of trastuzumab and four doses of radiotherapy, the patient experimented acute cardiac failure with a ventricular ejection fraction (VEF) below 30 % (VEF on August 2008 prior surgery was 59 %). Because cardiac toxicity, the chemo- and radio-therapy were suspended. The cardiac failure was managed successfully with spironolactone (50 mg/daily) and furosemide (40 mg/12 h). The follow-up mammographies were negative (BIRADS 2 for the contralateral breast). Finally, 8 months after the suspension of anti-tumor treatment, a second leukapheresis was obtained in order compare prior vs. after anti-TTx the effect of treatment on the immune response using a number of experimental readouts. Currently, MCC-002 maintains with a clinical complete response after 7 years of the anti-tumor therapy suspension controlled with annual mammography. (TIF 437 kb

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Monitoring the responsiveness of T and antigen presenting cell compartments in breast cancer patients is useful to predict clinical tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Variables selected for PCA. (DOCX 39 kb

Additional file 4: Figure S2. of Monitoring the responsiveness of T and antigen presenting cell compartments in breast cancer patients is useful to predict clinical tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Immunomonitoring model of breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy with A/C. (A) In patients with established BC, the immune system could not control the tumor growth phase called immune escape. Tumor cells exhibit a decreased amount of MHC class I and release suppressive cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β, there is a greater frequency of suppressor cells like MDSCs (that secrete arginase), Tregs, and plasmacytoid DCs or immature DCs (with high levels of IDO). These suppressor cells favor a weak cytotoxic T cells activation and inhibition of function of T helper CD4+ cells by suppressive cytokines such as IL-10. (B) In BC patients who are treated with chemotherapy A/C, the proposed immunomonitoring system can evaluate the restoration of immunosurveillance of tumors by promoting the immune response by inducing ICD in tumor cells with the release of DAMPs (CRT, HMGB1, and ATP) and apoptotic bodies that are recognized by immature DCs. This recognition induces maturation of DCs with increased expression of CD80, CD83, CD86, and antigen cross-presentation favoring the recognition of these antigens by T cells. Stimulated T cells induce the production of IL-12 by the interaction CD154 with the CD40 receptor on APCs and thus assisting in the production of IFN-γ providing helper activity to CTLs to attack the remaining tumor cells. (TIFF 6599 kb

Additional file 3: of Chemotherapy and radiation therapy elicits tumor specific T cell responses in a breast cancer patient

TCR raw data sequence from PBMCs obtained before and after therapy and TILs obtained from FFPE tumor. (XLSX 27054 kb

Food Safety 4.0

Food Safety 4.0 is a term derived from Industry 4.0 that focuses on all aspects of food safety management based on cyber-physical systems. The premise of Food Safety 4.0 is that real-time information and the interconnectivity of things, complemented by novel technologies, will revolutionize the way food safety is managed. There is enormous potential in terms of advancing product traceability, detection of harmful microbes and contaminants, supply chain security, predictive capabilities, and consistency in delivering safe food to consumers. This Chapter discusses the key technologies within Food Safety 4.0 and suggests strategies and applications for their optimal management as informed by emerging trends. The focus is primarily on addressing food safety concerns related to food manufacturers and their supply chains. Food-grade robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, andartificial intelligence (AI) are some of the technologies discussed alongside their benefits to sustainable food production and consumption.</p

Birth of dairy 4.0: Opportunities and challenges in adoption of fourth industrial revolution technologies in the production of milk and its derivatives

Embracing innovation and emerging technologies is becoming increasingly important to address the current global challenges facing many food industry sectors, including the dairy industry. Growing literature shows that the adoption of technologies of the fourth industrial revolution (named Industry 4.0) has promising potential to bring about breakthroughs and new insights and unlock advancement opportunities in many areas of the food manufacturing sector. This article discusses the current knowledge and recent trends and progress on the application of Industry 4.0 innovations in the dairy industry. First, the “Dairy 4.0” concept, inspired by Industry 4.0, is introduced and its enabling technologies are determined. Second, relevant examples of the use of Dairy 4.0 technologies in milk and its derived products are presented. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives are given. The results revealed that robotics, 3D printing, Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, Big Data, and blockchain are the main enabling technologies of Dairy 4.0. These advanced technologies are being progressively adopted in the dairy sector, from farm to table, making significant and profound changes in the production of milk, cheese, and other dairy products. It is expected that, in the near future, new digital innovations will emerge, and greater implementations of Dairy 4.0 technologies is likely to be achieved, leading to more automation and optimization of this dynamic food sector. </p

Emerging trends in the agri-food sector: Digitalisation and shift to plant-based diets

 Our planet is currently facing unprecedented interconnected environmental, societal, and economic dilemmas due to climate change, the outbreak of pandemics and wars, among others. These global challenges pose direct threats to food security and safety and clearly show the urgent need for innovative scientific solutions and technological approaches. Backed by the current alarming situation, many food-related trends have emerged in recent years in response to these global issues. This review looks at two megatrends in agriculture and the food industry; the shift to vegetable diets and the digital transformation in food production and consumption patterns.On one side, several innovative technologies and protein sources have been associated with more sustainable food systems and enhanced nutritional quality and safety. On the other side, many digital advanced technologies (e.g., artificial intelligence, big data, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and 3D printing) have been increasingly applied in smart farms and smart food factories to improve food system outcomes. Increasing adoption of vegetal innovations and harnessing Industry 4.0 technologies along the food supply chain have the potential to enable efficient digital and ecological transitions </p

Use of industry 4.0 technologies to reduce and valorize seafood waste and by-products: A narrative review on current knowledge

Fish and other seafood products represent a valuable source of many nutrients and micronutrients for the human diet and contribute significantly to global food security. However, considerable amounts of seafood waste and by-products are generated along the seafood value and supply chain, from the sea to the consumer table, causing severe environmental damage and significant economic loss. Therefore, innovative solutions and alternative approaches are urgently needed to ensure a better management of seafood discards and mitigate their economic and environmental burdens. The use of emerging technologies, including the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) innovations (such as Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, smart sensors, and the Internet of Things, and other advanced technologies) to reduce and valorize seafood waste and by-products could be a promising strategy to enhance blue economy and food sustainability around the globe. This narrative review focuses on the issues and risks associated with the underutilization of waste and by-products resulting from fisheries and other seafood industries. Particularly, recent technological advances and digital tools being harnessed for the prevention and valorization of these natural invaluable resources are highlighted.</p

The Russia-Ukraine Conflict: Its Implications for the Global Food Supply Chains

Food is one of the most traded goods, and the conflict in Ukraine, one of the European breadbaskets, has triggered a significant additional disruption in the global food supply chains after the COVID-19 impact. The disruption to food output, supply chains, availability, and affordability could have a long-standing impact. As a result, the availability and supply of a wide range of food raw materials and finished food products are under threat, and global markets have seen recent increases in food prices. Furthermore, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict has adversely affected food supply chains, with significant effects on production, sourcing, manufacturing, processing, logistics, and significant shifts in demand between nations reliant on imports from Ukraine. This paper aims to analyze the impacts of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine on the effectiveness and responsiveness of the global food supply chains. A PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach, including grey literature, was deployed to investigate six key areas of the food supply chains that would be impacted most due to the ongoing war. Findings include solutions and strategies to mitigate supply chain impacts such as alternative food raw materials, suppliers and supply chain partners supported by technological innovations to ensure food safety and quality in warlike situations.</p