8,374 research outputs found
Stationary scalar and vector clouds around Kerr-Newman black holes
Massive bosons in the vicinity of Kerr-Newman black holes can form pure bound
states when their phase angular velocity fulills the synchronisation condition,
i.e. at the threshold of superradiance. The presence of these stationary clouds
at the linear level is intimately linked to the existence of Kerr black holes
with synchronised hair at the non-linear level. These configurations are very
similar to the atomic orbitals of the electron in a hydrogen atom. They can be
labeled by four quantum numbers: , the number of nodes in the radial
direction; , the orbital angular momentum; , the total angular
momentum; and , the azimuthal total angular momentum. These synchronised
configurations are solely allowed for particular values of the black hole's
mass, angular momentum and electric charge. Such quantization results in an
existence surface in the three-dimensional parameter space of Kerr-Newman black
holes. The phenomenology of stationary scalar clouds has been widely addressed
over the last years. However, there is a gap in the literature concerning their
vector cousins. Following the separability of the Proca equation in
Kerr(-Newman) spacetime, this work explores and compares scalar and vector
stationary clouds around Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes, extending previous
research.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures. Contribution to Selected Papers of the Fifth
Amazonian Symposium on Physics (accepted in IJMPD
Tourism in Azores Islands: Persistence in the Monthly Arrivals
This study analyses the persistence in the international monthly arrivals to the Azores Islands using a model based on fractional integration and seasonal autoregressions. The estimated fractional differencing parameter gives an indication of the long run evolution of the series. We use both aggregate data and disaggregate monthly data by location of origin and island destination. The results show that the aggregate series corresponding to the total number of arrivals is a nonstationary I(d) process with d above 1, and the most persistent ones are those travelling to Säo Miguel, especially from Holland, Finland, Norway, Germany, Denmark and the UK.Monthly arrivals; Seasonal fractional integration; Persistence; Azores Islands.
Measuring the importance of the uniform nonsynchronization hypothesis
In this paper we critically reappraise some measures of the importance of time-dependent price setting rules and propose an alternative way to gauge the significance of this type of price setting behaviour. The merits of the proposed measure are highlighted in an application using micro-data. Our results suggest that a large proportion of price trajectories may be compatible with simple time-dependent price setting mechanisms but the strength of this evidence very much depends on the way that is used to evaluate the importance of this type of behaviour. JEL Classification: D40, E31, L11perfect synchronization, Time-dependent price setting models, uniform staggering
Time or state dependent price setting rules? Evidence from Portuguese micro data
In this paper we analyse the ability of time and state dependent price setting rules to explain durations of price spells or the probability of changing prices. Our results suggest that simple time dependent models cannot be seen as providing a reasonable approximation to the data and that state dependent models are required to fully characterise the price setting behaviour of Portuguese firms. Inflation, the level of economic activity and the magnitude of the last price change emerge as relevant variables affecting the probability of changing prices. Moreover, it is seen that the impact differs for negative and positive values of these covariates. JEL Classification: C41, D40, E31CPI data, Hazard functions, inflation
Description and molecular phylogeny of a new and one known needle nematode of the genus Paralongidorus (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from grapevine in Portugal
A new and a known longidorid nematode, Paralongidorus lusitanicus n. sp. and Paralongidorus plesioepimikis, are described and illustrated from populations extracted from soil associated with grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Escaroupim and Pó (central-Western Portugal), respectively. The new needle nematode P. lusitanicus n. sp. is characterised by a very large body size (8072–12,022 μm), an expanded and rounded lip region, ca 30 μm wide, with a clear constriction followed by a depression posterior to the amphidial aperture, amphidial fovea very large (11.0–19.0 μm), stirrup-shaped, with conspicuous slit-like aperture as shown in scanning electron microscopy studies, a very long and flexible odontostyle (180.0–223.0 μm), guiding ring located at 28.0–41.5 μm from anterior end, vulva anterior to the mid-body (34–41%), a dorsally convex-conoid tail with rounded terminus (29–42 μm long), bearing two or three pairs of caudal pores and males common (ratio 1:1.6 females) with spicules ca 80 μm long. Morphological and morphometric traits for P. plesioepimikis fit well with the original description, and is reported for the first time in Portugal. Integrative diagnosis of both species was completed with molecular data obtained using D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rDNA, ITS1-rDNA and partial 18S–rDNA. The phylogenetic relationships of these species with other Paralongidorus spp. using these three molecular markers indicated that P. lusitanicus n. sp. clustered together with other Paralongidorus spp. forming a sister clade with P. plesioepimikis, both of them sharing a large body, long odontostyle, an anteriorly located vulva and an expanded and rounded lip region with a clear constriction followed by a depression posterior to the amphidial aperture
Parameterized Complexity of Equitable Coloring
A graph on vertices is equitably -colorable if it is -colorable and
every color is used either or times.
Such a problem appears to be considerably harder than vertex coloring, being
even for cographs and interval graphs.
In this work, we prove that it is for block
graphs and for disjoint union of split graphs when parameterized by the number
of colors; and for -free interval graphs
when parameterized by treewidth, number of colors and maximum degree,
generalizing a result by Fellows et al. (2014) through a much simpler
reduction.
Using a previous result due to Dominique de Werra (1985), we establish a
dichotomy for the complexity of equitable coloring of chordal graphs based on
the size of the largest induced star.
Finally, we show that \textsc{equitable coloring} is when
parameterized by the treewidth of the complement graph
Protein oxidation by electrogenerated hydroxyl radicals
Many chronic diseases are associated to oxidative stress that can result from the
unbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the action of
antioxidant defense systems. Proteins are important targets as they are major
components of cells. Modification of proteins structure, function and stability can
result from the attack by different radicals, e.g. O2
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or HO.
In order to characterize the damages caused by these radicals it is important to analyze
the proteins oxidation products obtained from assays where radicals are generated by
clean processes [1]. In this context the electrochemical generation of hydroxyl radicals
can provide an alternative method, where these radicals are formed as intermediate in
the oxidation of water to produce oxygen. Anodes of different materials, such as of
boron doped diamond electrodes (BDD) and platinum (Pt), can be used for this purpose
[3].
In this work it is considered the use of high reactive HO radicals (weakly adsorbed at
BDD) and of low reactive HO radicals (strongly adsorbed at Pt) to oxidize BSA.
The extension of BSA oxidation is analyzed for different experimental conditions, such
as current density and electrolyte nature. BSA oxidation is monitored by means of
carbonyl groups concentration and by the extension of protein cleavage
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