Satisfacción de las beneficiarias con el Programa de Desarrollo Humano Oportunidades. Una evaluación cualitativa

El objetivo de este artículo es estimar de manera cualitativa la satisfacción de las beneficiarias del Programa de Desarrollo Urbano Oportunidades con los servicios más importantes que ofrece: salud, educación, los que otorgan las instituciones liquidadoras y los que da el personal de Oportunidades. Para ello se recurrió a la estrategia de grupos de enfoque y se contó con la participación de 80 beneficiarias de localidades urbanas y rurales de cuatro regiones de México. Los resultados permiten evaluar la percepción de las beneficiarias respecto de la calidad de los servicios del Programa e identificar áreas de mejora y acciones concretas de prevención, corrección y superación del mismo

How Surface Irrigation Contributes to Climate Change Resilience—A Case Study of Practices in Mexico

Climate change has brought increased temperatures and decreased rainfall on a global scale; however, population growth requires greater volumes of water and food each year that must be supplied in one way or another. In Mexico, application efficiencies in gravity irrigation are below 50%. Although in recent years the decision has been made to change to pressurized irrigation systems to increase the efficiency of water use, border or furrow irrigation is still the most widely used in agriculture. In this work, we show that with a methodology developed and applied in these systems, application efficiencies greater than 90% were obtained, while the Water Use Efficiency (WUE) increased by 27, 38 and 47% for the three crops where it was applied: sorghum, barley, and corn, respectively. Irrigation times per hectare and applied irrigation depths decreased by more than 30%, representing increased irrigation efficiencies and WUE. Finally, the water savings obtained can mitigate water scarcity in cities

Numerical solution using radial basis functions for multidimensional fractional partial differential equations of type Black–Scholes

In this paper, as far as the authors know, for the first time, a one-dimensional partial differential model is generalized using fractional differential operators and the same principle that provides the dimensional invariance of the radial basis functions methodology, resulting in a multidimensional fractional partial differential model that can be solved using a numerical scheme of radial basis functions. A radial basis functions scheme is proposed to solve numerically, on different node configurations, multidimensional fractional partial differential equations, both in space and in time. Using the QR factorization, a way to reduce the condition number of the interpolation matrices of the proposed scheme is presented, the resulting scheme is used to numerically solve the diffusion equation that may be obtained from the Black–Scholes model, as well as some generalizations of this diffusion model with fractional differential operators and multiple dimensions. The Caputo fractional derivative is discretized with an order error, with . The examples of fractional partial differential equations that are presented involve the Caputo fractional operator in the temporal part due to the memory phenomenon, and the Riemann–Liouville fractional operator in the spatial part due to the property of nonlocality

Fractional Growth Model with Delay for Recurrent Outbreaks Applied to COVID-19 Data

There are a great many epidemiological models that have been implemented to describe COVID-19 data; however, few attempted to reproduce the entire phenomenon due to the complexity of modeling recurrent outbreaks. In this work a fractional growth model with delay is developed that implements the Caputo fractional derivative with 0β≤1. Furthermore, in order to preserve the nature of the phenomenon and ensure continuity in the derivatives of the function, a method is proposed to construct an initial condition function to implement in the model with delay. This model is analyzed and generalized to model recurrent outbreaks. The model is applied to fit data of cumulative confirmed cases from Mexico, the United States, and Russia, obtaining excellent fitting corroborated by the coefficient of determination, where R2>0.9995 in all cases. Lastly, as a result of the implementation of the delay effect, the global phenomenon was decomposed into its local parts, allowing for directly comparing each outbreak and its different characteristics

Fractional Growth Model with Delay for Recurrent Outbreaks Applied to COVID-19 Data

There are a great many epidemiological models that have been implemented to describe COVID-19 data; however, few attempted to reproduce the entire phenomenon due to the complexity of modeling recurrent outbreaks. In this work a fractional growth model with delay is developed that implements the Caputo fractional derivative with 0<β≤1. Furthermore, in order to preserve the nature of the phenomenon and ensure continuity in the derivatives of the function, a method is proposed to construct an initial condition function to implement in the model with delay. This model is analyzed and generalized to model recurrent outbreaks. The model is applied to fit data of cumulative confirmed cases from Mexico, the United States, and Russia, obtaining excellent fitting corroborated by the coefficient of determination, where R2>0.9995 in all cases. Lastly, as a result of the implementation of the delay effect, the global phenomenon was decomposed into its local parts, allowing for directly comparing each outbreak and its different characteristics

Etnografía de los confines

Estudiosa durante varias décadas de distintos grupos indígenas en México, Honduras y el extremo sur de Argentina y Chile, Anne Chapman ha dedicado su vida a una labor que conjuga las diferentes disciplinas antropológicas (etnografía, lingüítica, arquelogía e historia) en un objetivo común : guardar en el repositorio de la memoria humana el testimonio cultural de los pueblos en la voz deloz propios involucrados. Sus andanzas han fructificado en una multitud de artículos y libros publicados en varios idiomas, así como en fonogramas, cortometrajes y exposiciones de fotografías. Con el mismo rigor y claridad que su colega, quince autores participan en este libro refiriendo cada uno sus muy personales andazas. Los ensayos representan valiosas aportaciones a una antropología latinoamericana que tiene como referente fundamental la obra de Anne Chapman y son a la vez invitaciones para retomar la lectura de una de las investigadoras más originales e influyentes en su campo. Este libro busca ir más allá del mero homenaje, constituye el testimonio de una pasión desbordada en andanzas que conducen a los confines más diversos y desconcertantes