Controle do indice de placa e gengival com um dentifricio contendo triclosan, em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento ortodontico

Orientador: Antonio Wilson SallumDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar o controle químico-mecânico da placa bacteriana em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento ortodôntico, através da escovação associada a um dentifrício contendo Triclosan-Gantrez-Citrato de Zinco-Pirofosfato de Sódio, quando comparado um dentifrício placebo. Foi realizado um estudo paralelo duplo cego, utilizando uma amostra de 69 pacientes do curso de Especialização em Ortodontia, na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, tratados pela técnica do Arco Reto (filosofia de Roth), leucodermas, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 12 a 25 anos, com idade média de 14 anos, apresentando dentadura permanente completa, portadores de maloclusão Classe I e Classe II, divisão 1 e 2 de Angle, sendo orientados e supervisionados para realizarem a escovação (técnica de BASS modificada) juntamente com o dentifrício designado. o.s pacientes foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos: grupo A (controle) com escovação associada a um dentifrício placebo; grupo B (teste) com escovação associada a um dentifrício contendo Triclosan. Durante a pesquisa foram realizadas cinco avaliações, sendo a primeira realizada antes da instalação do aparelho ortodôntico fixo; as demais avaliações foram avaliadas nos seguintes períodos 5, 10, 15 e 20 meses, após a instalação do aparelho ortodôntico fixo, onde foram registrados o índice de placa de SILNESS & LÓE 'POT. 93' e o índice gengival de LÓE & SILNESS 'POT. 57', de todos os pacientes, nas diferentes épocas. Para a análise estatística foi usado o teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon. Conclui-se que: 1. A colocação do aparelho ortodôntico fixo favoreceu o aumento do índice de placa e índice gengival em ambos os grupos no período de 5 meses, em média 25%; 2. O índice de placa bacteriana do grupo controle diminuiu 43% no grupo teste 51 % do início ao término do experimento, não sendo esses valores estatisticamente significantes. 3. O índice gengival do grupo controle diminuiu 20% e do grupo teste 45%, do início ao término do experimento, sendo esses valores estatisticamente significantes. 4. Tanto o grupo teste como o grupo controle apresentaram-se eficientes no controle da placa bacteriana, o grupo teste apresentou melhora estatisticamente significante nos índices gengivais quando comparado ao grupo controle; 5. A. escovação mecânica pareceu ser o melhor meio no controle da remoção da placa bacteriana e manutenção da saúde dos tecidos gengivais; 6. O controle químico-mecânico da placa bacteriana e inflamação gengival associada a um dentifrício contendo Triclosan-Gantrez - Pirofosfato de Sódio - Citrato de Zinco mostrou uma redução estatisticamente significante quando comparado a um dentifrício placebo na redução da placa bacteriana supragengival, sangramento gengival e gengivite marginalAbstract: The aim of the present investigation was to examine the supragingival plaque control in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, through oral hygiene associated to a dentifuce containing Triclosan-gantrez-zinc citrate-sodium pyrophosphate, compared to a placebo dentifrice. It was a double blind cross over clinical study conduced on 69 patients of the Metropolitan University of Santos. All of them were Brazilian caucasian, from both sexes. The age range 12 to 25 years old, and has either Class I or Class II malocclusions. They were adequately oriented and supervised to perform oral hygiene associated to a dentifrice containing Triclosan or placebo. The patients were stratified into 2 groups: group A (control) with oral hygiene associated to a dentifrice placebo group B (test) with oral hygiene associated to a dentifuce containing Triclosan. During the present investigation were performed 5 trial, being the first before the orthodontic appliance were installed; the orthers one were after a period the 5, 10, 15 and 20 months, after the appliance were installed. The purpose of theses avaluations was to appraise any alterations in the plaque index (according to Silness & Lõe) and in the gingival index (according to Lõe & Silness). To the statistic analysis was used the non-parametric test, named Wilcoxon. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, we concluded that: 1. The orthodontic appliance increased the plaque and gingival index, in both groups at phase 5 months, mean 25%. 2. The plaque index in the control group decreased 43% and the test group 51% from begining to the end ofthe study, not being this values statistically significant. 3. The gingival index in the control group decreased 20% and in the group test 45%, form begining to the end ofthe experiment, being this values statistically significant. 4. Both test and control group showed satisfatory on plaque control, test gr-oup was statistically significant on gingival index when compared to control group. 5. Mouthbrushing showed to be the best way on plaque remotion and healthy stability of gingival tissues. 6. The plaque and gingival control associated to a dentifrice containg Triclosan-gantrez zinc citrate-sodium pyrophosphate showed decreased statistically significant when compared a placebo dentifrice on supragingival index, gingival bleeding and marginal gingivitisMestradoOrtodontiaMestre em Odontologi

Estudo da ação do Triclosan em pacientes portadores de aparelho ortodontico fixo (45 meses)

Orientador: Antonio Wilson SallumTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar em um período de 45 meses a ação do triclosan em pacientes portadores de aparelho ortodôntico fixo (técnica de Roth). Participaram do experimento 50 pacientes do curso de especialização em ortodontia na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, leucodermas, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 12 a 17 anos, portadores de maloclusão Classe I e Classe II de Angle, os quais foram orientados e supervisionados para efetuar a escovação após as principais refeições, (4 vezes ao dia), juntamente com o dentifrício designado. Os pacientes foram aleatoriamente divididos em 2 grupos experimentais: grupo A (Controle) com escovação associada a um dentifrício placebo, e o grupo B (Teste) com escovação associada ao dentifrício contendo triclosan. Durante a pesquisa foram realizadas 10 avaliações, sendo a primeira realizada antes da colocação do aparelho ortodôntico fixo e as demais avaliações foram realizadas nos seguintes períodos: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, meses, após o uso do aparelho ortodôntico fixo, sendo a ultima avaliação executada nó 45° mês após a retirada do aparelho ortodôntico fixo, onde foram registrados o índice de placa supra gengival de SILNESS & LÖE e o índice gengival de LÖE & SILNESS de todos os pacientes, nas diferentes épocas. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise estatística, utilizando a comparação entre os tratamentos e épocas.Concluiu-se que: 1. Os dados sugerem que um dentifrício contendo triclosan, deveria ser formulado para o controle efetivo na formação da placa bacteriana e gengivite; 2. O uso de dentifrício contendo triclosan, proporcionou uma melhora no índice de placa bacteriana em 52%, e no índice de sangramento gengival de 58%; 3. A presença de um periodontista durante a terapia ortodôntica é de fundamental importância, na manutenção e restabelecimento dos tecidos periodontaisAbstract: The objective of the present research was to analyze in a period of 45 months the action of triclosanin patients with orthodontic treatment fifty patients of the course of specialization in orthodontics in the Faculdade de Odontologia da Universiade Metropolitana de Santos, leucoderms, of both gendle, in the age range 12 to 25 years old, wíth Class I and Class II malocclusion,which had been guided and supervised to execute brushing after the main meals, (4 times to the day), together with the appointed dentifrice. The patients were dívided in 2 experimental groups: group (Control) with brushing associated with a dentifrice placebo, and group B (Test) with brushing associated with the dentifrice with triclosan. During the research 10 evaluations had been carried through, being the first one carried through before the installation of the fixed orthodontic device and the too much evaluations had been carried through in the following periods: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, months, after the installation of the fixed ortodontic device, being after finish it evaluation executed in the 45° month the withdrawal of the fixed ortodontic device, where they had been registered the plate index supplies gengival of SILNESS & LÖE and the gengival index of LÖE & SILNESS of all the patients, at the different times. The gotten data were submitted the estatistic analysis, using the comparison between the treatments and time. Conclusions: 1. The data suggest that a dentifiice with triclosan would have to be formulated for the effective control in the formation of the bacterial plate and gengivitis; 2. The withdrawal of the ortodontic device, provided an improvement in the indice of bacterial plaque in 52%, and the indice of gengival bleed of 58%; 3. Ortodontist the periodontist partnership is of basic important, because together they promote health periodontal, providing the minimum of sequelas to individual during the ortodontic therapyDoutoradoDoutor em Ortodonti

Influence Of Thermal Cycles Number On Bond Strength Of Metallic Brackets To Ceramic

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different number of thermal cycles on the shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic orthodontic brackets bonded to feldspathic ceramic by a composite resin. Twenty-five ceramic cylinders were etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 60 s and received two layers of silane. Brackets were bonded to the cylinders using Transbond XT and assigned to 5 groups (n=5): Group 1 - Control group (without thermal cycling); Group 2 - 500 thermal cycles; Group 3 - 5,000 thermal cycles; Group 4 - 7,000 thermal cycles and Group 5 - 10,000 thermal cycles. Light-activation was carried out by Radii Plus LED. SBS testing was carried out after 24 h of storage in deionized water and thermal cycling (5/55 oC and 30 s dwell time). Five brackets were bonded to each cylinder, totalizing 25 brackets for each group. Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). The Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was evaluated at 8× magnification. The SBS (MPa) of control group (9.3±0.8), 500 (9.0±0.7) and 5,000 (8.4±0.9) thermal cycles were significantly higher than those after 7,000 (6.8±0.6) and 10,000 (4.9±1.0) thermal cycles (p<0.05). The ARI showed a predominance of Scores 0 (adhesive failure) prevailed in all groups, as shown by the ARI, with increased scores 1 and 2 (mixed failures) for control group and 500 thermal cycles. In conclusion, thermal fatigue may compromise the bonding integration between metallic brackets and ceramic restorations. For in vitro testing, use of at least 7,000 cycles is advised to result in significant fatigue on the bonding interface.28220620

Effect of elastomeric ligatures on frictional forces between the archwire and orthodontic bracket

Aim: To evaluate the frictional force between the archwire and orthodontic bracket generated by elastomeric ligatures with polymer coating (Super slick, TP Orthodontics) and conventional ligatures (Morelli) using two types of insertion techniques. Methods: Forty elastomeric ligatures, 20 with polymer coating and 20 conventional, were evaluated. Each type of ligature was separated into two groups (n=10), according to the insertion mode: conventional or crossed (from mesial to distal region crossed in front). To analyze friction, 40 5-cm-long segments of stainless steel orthodontic archwire 0.019" × 0.025" (Morelli) and Edgewise brackets (slot 0.022" × 0.028"; Morelli) were used. Each set (bracket, wire and elastic) was submitted to frictional testing in a universal test machine (Instron 4411) at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. Each bracket was moved 5 mm on the wire, with maximum friction and mean friction being recorded by software. Three readouts were taken for each bracket. Data were submitted to two¯way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p<0.05). Results: It was shown that for maximum and mean friction, the polymer-coated ligature did not differ statistically from the conventional type in a dry environment condition. Ligatures placed in crossed mode promoted significantly greater friction than those placed in conventional mode, irrespective of the type of elastomeric ligature. Conclusions: Friction depended on the insertion mode, but not on the type of elastomeric ligature

Force degradation of different elastomeric chains and nickel titanium closed springs

Aim: The purpose in this study was to evaluate the degradation force of conventional synthetic orthodontic elastics and synthetic orthodontic elastics with memory properties. Methods: Specimens of each material (Plastic chain, Memory chain and Closed spring NiTi) were stretched and adapted to the test specimens composed of resin plates and orthodontic wires, simulating retraction units. Degradation force was verified in an Instron universal test machine at the following intervals: 1, 2, 18, 24, 48 h; 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Data (gF) were analyzed statistically using Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests at 5% significance level. Results: It was observed a significant force reduction of Plastic chain and Memory chain after 2 h (p<0.05). For NiTi spring significantly force reduction was observed after 18 h, but no significant change was showed up to 21 days. NiTi spring showed force significantly higher than synthetic elastomeric materials (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between Memory chain and Plastic chain up to 24 h. However, from 48 h to 21 days Memory chain showed force significantly higher than Plastic chain. Conclusions:There was higher force degradation in the synthetic elastomeric materials in comparison with NiTi springs, which allows the preferential indication of these space closure jigs for clinical use