Additional file 1: of Feeding practices and growth among young children during two seasons in rural Ethiopia

Survey questionnaire. Questionnaire administered to the study participants to collect data on feeding patterns and practices and child growth. (DOC 130 kb

Additional file 1: Table S1. of The effect of food insecurity on health status of adolescents in Ethiopia: longitudinal study

Supplementary table of collinearity diagnostics. This is a description of the collinearity of the final model as indicated by its condition number and variation inflation factor

Additional file 1: of Fat-soluble vitamin intake from the consumption of food, fortified food and supplements: design and methods of the Belgian VITADEK study

Top 90% food (sub)groups that contribute to vitamin A, D and E intake, retrieved from the DNFCS (2007–2010), and most important food sources for vitamin K according to Bolton-Smith, VITADEK study, 2015–2016 (DOCX 14 kb

Food based coping strategies used among food insecure adolescents in southwest Ethiopia during the last three months before the survey.

<p>The last 3 months refer to time before interview of the adolescent.</p><p>Percentage is calculated out of row totals.</p

<b>Table 5.</b> Multivariable logistic regression model predicting the likelihood of having high dietary diversity, high frequency of consuming animal source foods per week among adolescents.^¶

<p>Parameters estimates were adjusted for the tabulated variables. Ref: indicates the reference category.</p><p>Maximum Variance inflation factor  =  1.96.</p>¶<p>Parameters estimates adjusted for: Dependency ratio, household income, gender of the household head.</p><p>Coefficients as obtained from a multivariable linear regression model.</p><p>High =  3^rd tertile for both DDS and frequency of ASF consumption.</p><p>Adol =  Adolescent.</p

Mean (±SD) intake of food groups per week in any given week during the last 3 months before the survey by food security status and sex.

***<p>P<0.001, **P<0.01.</p><p>T-test was done to assess the differences between food secure and food insecure groups by intake of the different food groups. The food items were grouped according to MyPyramid [USDA, 2005).</p><p>Means [±SD) are given unless indicated otherwise.</p><p>The p values compare the means frequency of consumption of the different food groups per week between food secure and food insecure adolescents and the maximum value for the group is 1.</p><p>FS = food Secure, FIS =  Food Insecure.</p

Proportion of adolescents who consumed specific food item at least once in a week in any given week during the last 3 months before the survey by their food security status.^*

<p>Most of the significant differences observed were on food items which became very expensive.</p>*<p>Percentages refer to the proportion of adolescents who consumed the food item over the last 7 days and are calculated from column total. ¹The significance level is 0.0016 [0.05/30) due to Bonferroni correction.</p><p>A Chi-square test was used to calculate the P values.</p

Parameter estimates from linear regression predicting food variety score among adolescents.^¶

¶<p>Multivariable linear regression model with the Food Variety Score as a dependent variable and predictors with</p><p>P<0.05 of the bivariate model.</p><p>Adjusted R² =  0.085.</p><p>Ref =  reference category.</p><p>Coefficients as obtained from a multivariable linear regression model.</p><p>Maximum Variance inflation factor  =  1.78.</p><p>SE =  Standard error.</p

Proportion of women that consumed food groups and food items¹.

1<p>Only food items consumed by at least 5% of a group are reported, except for WEP. All WEP consumed in this study are shown; they are preceded by an asterisk. For WEP herbarium references we refer to Termote et al. (2010, 2011).</p>2<p>The Turumbu living in the city were compared with the overall city sample and the Turumbu from the village were compared with the Turumbu from the city. χ²-tests were performed for all food groups and wild food items which were consumed by at least 10 persons over the two samples compared.</p>3<p>Safou (<i>Dacryodes edulis</i>) occurs native in Central Africa. This species is cultivated on a small scale around the homesteads, but also harvested from the wild. It can be considered as semi-wild.</p

Usual daily dietary intakes of non pregnant/non lactating WEP-consumers and non-consumers (safou included)¹.

1<p>All values are usual intake means ± standard deviation, with adjustment for <i>recall day</i> and <i>interviewer</i>;</p>2<p>people who consumed more than 10 g of WEP in at least one of both recalls (safou included);</p>3<p>Model based difference of means (WEP consumer – non WEP consumer), adjusted for the fixed effect <i>sample</i>;</p>4<p>Model-based adjusted for the fixed effect <i>sample</i>;</p>5<p>Adjusted for total energy intake in the model as described by <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0030533#pone.0030533-Willet1" target="_blank">[55]</a>.</p