Armazenamento de liteira e água em ecossistemas sucessionais do Baixo Rio Guamá, Amazônia Oriental.

CNPqA liteira é um indicador importante de qualidade de restauração de ecossistemas, onde suas propriedades físicas capacidade de armazenamento de água e estoque de liteira variam de um ecossistema para outro. Na Amazônia os Ecossistemas Sucessionais Florestais de Planaltos Interfluviais (ESFPI) e os Sucessionais Florestais de Planícies Fluviais (ESFPF) são exemplos que representam diferenças para o fator liteira. Com isso, a seguinte questão foi proposta: Os ecossistemas de floresta sucessional de planalto interfluvial possui estoque de liteira e capacidade de armazenamento de água superior em comparação ao de planície fluvial? Com a hipótese de que (h): Se o ecossistema de planalto interfluvial apresentar maior estoque de liteira, logo ele terá maior capacidade de armazenamento de água independente do período das coletas. O experimento foi realizado na UFRA, Campus Belém. Cada ecossistema foi considerado como tratamento e foi implantado 12 parcelas de 10m x 100m e com o uso de coletor metálico foram coletadas 36 amostras por ecossistema com intervalo de 6 meses entre coletas. Para o estudo, foi feita a análise floristica (CAP>15cm) dos ecossistemas e coletado amostras de liteira para determinar seu armazenamento na superfície do solo (Mg.ha-1) e de armazenamento de água (%). O delineamento experimental aplicado foi inteiramente casualizado de 2x2. A Euterpe oleraceae apresentou os valores mais expressivos nos dois ecossistemas e a família Fabaceae foi a mais rica em espécies. Da análise das médias dos valores coletados das propriedades físicas da liteira, capacidade de armazenamento de água e estoque, foi considerado a hipótese como rejeitada (ANOVA, p < 0,05). Com o ecossistema ESFPI apresentando o maior armazenamento de liteira no período com menos chuvas (10,5 ± 3,75 Mg.ha-1) e o ecossistema ESFPF maior média de armazenamento de água no período de mais chuvas (349%), foi considerado que o ecossistema com maior estoque de liteira não tendo a maior capacidade de armazenamento de água, levando a crer que essas características vem de fatores do próprio ecossistema.The litterfall is na importante indicator of the quality of ecosystems’ restoration, one in which the the physical properties of water storage and litter stock vary from oone ecosystem to another. In the Amazon, the Successional Forest Ecosystems of Interfluvial Highlands (SFEIHs) and the Successional Forest Ecosystems of Fluvial Plains (SFEFPs) are examples that represent differences for the litter factor. Therefore, the following question was proposed: Do the successional forest ecosystems of interfluvial highland possess a higher litter stock and water storage capacity when compared to the fluvial plain one? With the hypothesis that (h): if the highland interfluvial ecosystem presents a higher litter stock, so it will possess a higher water storage capacity, notwithstanding the time period in which it was collected. The experiment was carried out at the Federal Rural University of the Amazon (UFRA), at the campus located in Belém. Each ecosystem was considered as a form of treatment and had 12 tracts of 10x10m implanted; using a metallic collector, 36 samples were collected in each ecosystem, with a lapse of 6 months between each sample. For this study, we performed a floristic survey (CBH>15cm) of the ecosystems and collected litterfall samples to determine its storage on the ground surface (Mg.ha-1) and the water storage percentage (%). The outline we applied to the experiment was entirely randomized with a 2x2 distribution. The Euterpe oleraceae presented the most expressive values across both ecosystems and the Fabaceae family was the richest one as far as the number of species is concerned. After analyzing the average values collected regarding the physical properties of the litterfall, its litter stock and water storage capacity, we rejected the hypothesis (ANOVA, p < 0,05). The SFEIHs ecosystem presented the higher litter stock in the time period when there was less rain (10,5 ± Mg.ha1) and the SFEFPs ecosystem presented the higher water storage average during the rainy season 349%). Thus, we concluded that the ecosystem with the higher litter stock value does not present the higher water storage capacity, which leads us to believe that these characteristics derive from factors pertaining to the system itself

Physical properties of the litter in successional forests of interfluvial plateau and floodplain in the lower Guamá river, Eastern Amazonia

The forest ecosystems of the Amazonia biome are indispensable for climate regulation and service provision. Among them, the fluvial plains (ESFpf) stand out, due to their role in erosion control and water quality. However, the limited information available on this ecosystem is evident when compared to interfluvial plateaus (ESFpi). Thus, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the litter stock and water storage capacity in successional ecosystems in the Eastern Amazonia. The study ecosystems (ESFpf and ESFpi) are located in the municipality of Belém, Pará, in the region of the lower Guamá River. In each ecosystem, 12 permanent plots (100 m²) were installed, where in the periods of higher and lower rainfall, three subunits of litter samples were randomly collected. Water storage in the rainy season did not differ between ecosystems, while in the less rainy season ESFpf (245.91 ± 73.19%) was higher than ESFpi (182.31 ± 77.25%). For the litter stock, there was no influence of seasonality and in both periods the ESFpi averages were higher. Infer that due to the favorable conditions for the action of the edaphic fauna in the ESFpf, there was a reduction in the contact area of the litter, increasing the water storage capacity. The smaller stock found in the ESFpf allow to infer that there was an efficient cycling of nutrients, since these ecosystems are characterized by high litter deposition. Therefore, the results contribute to the understanding of the functional processes of the Amazon river plains ecosystems

Characterization and plasticity of wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells of goat

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), obtained from several anatomical sites, have already been described, characterized and used in therapeutic models for tissue repair. The umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, represented by cells from arteries and veins walls, as well as Wharton's jelly are easy to be obtained, highly available, require no invasive procedure, do not present risk to donors and do not present ethical limitation. The aim of this research was to analyze the plasticity of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) of goat, evaluating their behavior in vitro and characterizing them immunophenotypically. Thus, tests were performed on colony forming units, viability and cell growth curve, flow cytometry analysis and plasticity potential. Goat umbilical cord matrix cells exhibited fibroblastoid morphology with colony formation and self-renewal ability, always maintaining their undifferentiated state up to the eighth passage (P8). The growth curve kinetics exhibited the LAG, LOG, and DECAY phases, without displaying a PLATEAU phase. The plasticity assay demonstrated positive differentiation for osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lines, characterized by the synthesis of intracytoplasmic granules or extracellular matrix with the presence of calcium, lipids and proteoglycans. Flow cytometry demonstrated the expression of CD90 and CD105; absence of CD14 expression.  It is concluded that the cell population isolated from the Wharton's  jelly of goat constitutes a representative sample of mesenchymal stem cells, with great possibilities in the field of regenerative and reproductive medicine

Planejamento familiar e o impacto da laqueadura na taxa de natalidade no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática : Family planning and the impact of tubal sterilization in Brazil: a systematic review

Ao se buscar compreender o desenvolvimento social brasileiro, uma variável a ser considerada são os níveis de natalidade da nossa população e os métodos de organização e planejamento das famílias brasileiras, desta maneira este tem como objetivo fazer uma análise sistemática da relação entre as taxas de natalidade e o desenvolvimento de intervenções como a laqueadura, para tal este se embasou no método de pesquisa qualitativo com ênfase no levantamento bibliográfico. Concluindo que há uma relação muito íntima entre os métodos de contracepção e a queda de natalidade média brasileira

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio