Effect of L-Carnitine on Skeletal Muscle Lipids and Oxidative Stress in Rats Fed High-Fructose Diet

There is evidence that high-fructose diet induces insulin resistance, alterations in lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress in rat tissues. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine (CAR) on lipid accumulation and peroxidative damage in skeletal muscle of rats fed high-fructose diet. Fructose-fed animals (60 g/100 g diet) displayed decreased glucose/insulin (G/I) ratio and insulin sensitivity index (ISI(0,120)) indicating the development of insulin resistance. Rats showed alterations in the levels of triglycerides, free fatty acids, cholesterol, and phospholipids in skeletal muscle. The condition was associated with oxidative stress as evidenced by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, protein carbonyls, and aldehydes along with depletion of both enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants. Simultaneous intraperitoneal administration of CAR (300 mg/kg/day) to fructose-fed rats alleviated the effects of fructose. These rats showed near-normal levels of the parameters studied. The effects of CAR in this model suggest that CAR supplementation may have some benefits in patients suffering from insulin resistance

Sitagliptin recuperates oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine expression in ovary of PCOS rats

Abstract Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine, reproductive and metabolic disorder and a major cause of infertility in women. Testosterone propionate (TP) is used to induce PCOS in rats. High calorie diet causes metabolic changes, oxidative stress and PCOS. Sitagliptin (STG) is an inhibitor of dipeptide peptidase (DPP) 4 enzyme used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of high fat, high fructose diet (HFFD) on TP induced PCOS rats and the role of STG on oxidative stress and inflammation in PCOS. Materials and methods: PCOS was induced by administration of TP to normal pellet and HFFD fed rats for 43 days. STG (i.p.) was given for the last 15 days to both groups of rats. Vaginal smear, parameters of oxidative stress, antioxidants and inflammation (TNF-α and IL-6) in ovary were analyzed. Results: Vaginal smear from TP rats consisted of persistent leucocytes, a characteristic of PCOS. All the TP administered rats registered significanty elevated levels of glucose, lipids, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, and reduced levels of antioxidants compared to CON rats. STG treatment to PCOS rats reduced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress and inflammation and improved estrus cycle. Conclusion: High energy diet aggravated TP-induced changes in oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in ovary. STG recuperated the changes induced by TP, suggesting that STG holds potential for PCOS management

Effect of L-Carnitine on Skeletal Muscle Lipids and Oxidative Stress in Rats Fed High-Fructose Diet-0

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Effect of L-Carnitine on Skeletal Muscle Lipids and Oxidative Stress in Rats Fed High-Fructose Diet"</p><p></p><p>Experimental Diabetes Research 2007;2007():-.</p><p>Published online 12 Apr 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1880866.</p><p></p

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Rescues Rats from Steatosis: A Comparative and Combination Study with Metformin

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a premorbid condition, lacks proper management owing to multitude of abnormalities. In this study, we compared the effects of a potent antioxidant, grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP), and an insulin sensitizer, metformin (MET), in high-fat-fructose-diet- (HFFD-) induced albino Wistar rat model of NAFLD. Either GSP (100 mg/Kg b.w) or MET (50 mg/Kg b.w) or both were administered as therapeutic options. HFFD-fed rats showed abnormal plasma lipid profile, inflammation, and steatosis of the liver when examined by biochemical and histology techniques. Increased lipid storage, lipogenesis, and reduced lipolysis were evident from mRNA expression studies of hepatic lipid droplets (LD) proteins, sterol regulatory element binding 1c (SREBP 1c), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α (PPAR-α). GSP administration to HFFD-fed rats caused 69% reduction in hepatic TG levels, whereas MET caused only 23%. The combination treatment reduced TG levels by 63%. GSP reduced the mRNA expression of SREBP1c and LD proteins and increased that of PPAR-α more effectively compared to MET in HFFD-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Combination of MET and GSP improved the metabolism of lipids effectively, but the effect was not additive in restoring lipid levels