4 research outputs found
Die Agitpropbewegung als Teil der Arbeiterkultur der Weimarer Republik
The advent of next-generation sequencing has brought about an explosion of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data in non-model organisms; however, profiling these SNPs across multiple natural populations still requires substantial time and resources. Results: Here, we introduce two cost-efficient quantitative High Resolution Melting (qHRM) methods for measuring allele frequencies at known SNP loci in pooled DNA samples: the "peaks" method, which can be applied to large numbers of SNPs, and the "curves" method, which is more labor intensive but also slightly more accurate. Using the reef-building coral Acropora millepora, we show that both qHRM methods can recover the allele proportions from mixtures prepared using two or more individuals of known genotype. We further demonstrate advantages of each method over previously published methods; specifically, the "peaks" method can be rapidly scaled to screen several hundred SNPs at once, whereas the "curves" method is better suited for smaller numbers of SNPs. Conclusions: Compared to genotyping individual samples, these methods can save considerable effort and genotyping costs when relatively few candidate SNPs must be profiled across a large number of populations. One of the main applications of this method could be validation of SNPs of interest identified in population genomic studies.Australian Institute of Marine ScienceNational Science Foundation DEB-1054766Cellular and Molecular Biolog
Development of Gene Expression Markers of Acute Heat-Light Stress in Reef-Building Corals of the Genus Porites
Coral reefs are declining worldwide due to increased incidence of climate-induced coral bleaching, which will have widespread biodiversity and economic impacts. A simple method to measure the sub-bleaching level of heat-light stress experienced by corals would greatly inform reef management practices by making it possible to assess the distribution of bleaching risks among individual reef sites. Gene expression analysis based on quantitative PCR (qPCR) can be used as a diagnostic tool to determine coral condition in situ. We evaluated the expression of 13 candidate genes during heat-light stress in a common Caribbean coral Porites astreoides, and observed strong and consistent changes in gene expression in two independent experiments. Furthermore, we found that the apparent return to baseline expression levels during a recovery phase was rapid, despite visible signs of colony bleaching. We show that the response to acute heat-light stress in P. astreoides can be monitored by measuring the difference in expression of only two genes: Hsp16 and actin. We demonstrate that this assay discriminates between corals sampled from two field sites experiencing different temperatures. We also show that the assay is applicable to an Indo-Pacific congener, P. lobata, and therefore could potentially be used to diagnose acute heat-light stress on coral reefs worldwide
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Development of gene expression markers of acute heat-light stress in reef-building corals of the genus porites
Coral reefs are declining worldwide due to increased incidence of climate-induced coral bleaching, which will have widespread biodiversity and economic impacts. A simple method to measure the sub-bleaching level of heat-light stress experienced by corals would greatly inform reef management practices by making it possible to assess the distribution of bleaching risks among individual reef sites. Gene expression analysis based on quantitative PCR (qPCR) can be used as a diagnostic tool to determine coral condition in situ. We evaluated the expression of 13 candidate genes during heat-light stress in a common Caribbean coral Porites astreoides, and observed strong and consistent changes in gene expression in two independent experiments. Furthermore, we found that the apparent return to baseline expression levels during a recovery phase was rapid, despite visible signs of colony bleaching. We show that the response to acute heat-light stress in P. astreoides can be monitored by measuring the difference in expression of only two genes: Hsp16 and actin. We demonstrate that this assay discriminates between corals sampled from two field sites experiencing different temperatures. We also show that the assay is applicable to an Indo-Pacific congener, P. lobata, and therefore could potentially be used to diagnose acute heat-light stress on coral reefs worldwide.National Science Foundation grant DEB-1054766 to MVM; Title V-Graduate programs/ELITE Graduate program: Event Travel Request program to LBS and JAH; Environmental Protection Agency Greater Research Opportunity Graduate Fellowship to KAK (MA-91697601); WIOMSA MARG III to PHM and RB; Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky Student Travel Fellowships and Anat Krauskopf Fund Travel Award to AA; NSF IOS-0747205 and funding from the University of Mississippi ORSP to TLG; Grants from both the National Science Council and Academia Sinica, Taiwan to KS; NSF GRF to RNS; Natural Environmental Research Council (NERC) studentship to CVP. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript