29,990 research outputs found
The Relativistic Rotation
The classical rotation is not self-consistent in the framework of the special
theory of relativity. the Relativistic rotation is obtained, which takes the
relativistic effect into account. It is demonstrated that the angular frequency
of classical rotation is only valid in local approximation. The properties of
the relativistic rotation and the relativistic transverse Doppler shift are
discussed in this work
Critical Behavior of Hadronic Fluctuations and the Effect of Final-State Randomization
The critical behaviors of quark-hadron phase transition are explored by use
of the Ising model adapted for hadron production. Various measures involving
the fluctuations of the produced hadrons in bins of various sizes are examined
with the aim of quantifying the clustering properties that are universal
features of all critical phenomena. Some of the measures involve wavelet
analysis. Two of the measures are found to exhibit the canonical power-law
behavior near the critical temperature. The effect of final-state randomization
is studied by requiring the produced particles to take random walks in the
transverse plane. It is demonstrated that for the measures considered the
dependence on the randomization process is weak. Since temperature is not a
directly measurable variable, the average hadronic density of a portion of each
event is used as the control variable that is measurable. The event-to-event
fluctuations are taken into account in the study of the dependence of the
chosen measures on that control variable. Phenomenologically verifiable
critical behaviors are found and are proposed for use as a signature of
quark-hadron phase transition in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 17 pages (Latex) + 24 figures (ps file), submitted to Phys. Rev.
Business model innovation: how international retailers rebuild their core business logic in a new host country
Although research into the business model has received increasing attention, few studies have so far been conducted on business model innovation in an international context. The purpose of the study is to identify different patterns of business model innovation which enables international retailers to rebuild their core business logic in new host countries. On the basis of comparing and contrasting the business model changes of 15 international retailers from various home countries to one single host country (China), our study provides an in-depth understanding of business model innovation in the context of international business. By looking at the firms’ capabilities in rebuilding their core logic in the setting of a host country, we reveal six routes of retail business model innovation. Utilizing the lens of organizational learning theory and internationalization, we identify three patterns of resource deployment by international companies in the process of developing business model innovations. Our study, therefore, provides insights and guidance for multinational companies in general, international retailers in particular, as for how to successfully adapt their business model from home country to host country
A large accretion disk of extreme eccentricity in the TDE ASASSN-14li
In the canonical model for tidal disruption events (TDEs), the stellar debris
circularizes quickly to form an accretion disk of size about twice the orbital
pericenter of the star. Most TDEs and candidates discovered in the optical/UV
have broad optical emission lines with complex and diverse profiles of puzzling
origin. Liu et al. recently developed a relativistic elliptical disk model of
constant eccentricity in radius for the broad optical emission lines of TDEs
and well reproduced the double-peaked line profiles of the TDE candidate
PTF09djl with a large and extremely eccentric accretion disk. In this paper, we
show that the optical emission lines of the TDE ASASSN-14li with radically
different profiles are well modelled with the relativistic elliptical disk
model, too. The accretion disk of ASASSN-14li has an eccentricity 0.97 and
semimajor axis of 847 times the Schwarzschild radius (r_S) of the black hole
(BH). It forms as the consequence of tidal disruption of a star passing by a
massive BH with orbital pericenter 25r_S. The optical emission lines of
ASASSN-14li are powered by an extended X-ray source of flat radial distribution
overlapping the bulk of the accretion disk and the single-peaked asymmetric
line profiles are mainly due to the orbital motion of the emitting matter
within the disk plane of inclination about 26\degr and of pericenter
orientation closely toward the observer. Our results suggest that modelling the
complex line profiles is powerful in probing the structures of accretion disks
and coronal X-ray sources in TDEs.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in the MNRA
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