Positive spiritual climate supports transformational leadership as means to reduce nursing burnout and intent to leave

AimTo explore the relationship between spiritual climate and transformational leadership, and examine their impact on nurses perceived emotional exhaustion and intentions to quit.BackgroundTransformational leadership is known to have a significant positive effect on work environment and job satisfaction. Additionally, promoting spiritual climate amongst staff can benefit workers by increasing self‐worth. The relationship between the two is unknown.MethodsNurse clinicians from 2 sites in the Jiangsu Province of China completed self‐report questionnaires based on spiritual climate, emotional exhaustion, clinical leadership and Turnover Intention Scales. Mediation analysis was applied to evaluate impact of spiritual climate.ResultsPerceived positive spirituality amongst nurse clinicians reinforces transformational leadership to reduce emotional exhaustion (indirect effect of −0.089, p < .01). Burnout and intention to leave showed significantly positive correlation with lower levels of perceived spirituality (r = .545, p < .01).ConclusionTransformational leadership in the workplace can reduce nurses' burnout, and a positive spiritual climate increases meaningfulness in their work. This may help in nurse retention.Implications for Nursing ManagementHealth care leaders must look beyond transformational leadership to maintain a positive and supportive clinical climate, and this may involve acknowledgement of nurses' spiritual needs

Relationship between burnout and intention to leave amongst clinical nurses: the role of spiritual climate

Aim: This study aims to identify the role that spiritual climate has in reducing burnout and intentions to leave amongst clinical nurses. Background: Both shortages and the high turnover of nurses are challenging problems worldwide. Enhancing the spiritual climate amongst nurses can enhance teamwork, organisational commitment and job satisfaction and can play a role in reducing burnout and turnover intention. Methods: A total of 207 clinical nurses working at a tertiary university hospital were included in this cross-sectional, single-site study. Independent-samples t test and ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used to explore the relationships amongst related factors. Results: Most clinical departments showed a moderate spiritual climate (60.24±0.82) with high job burnout (33.62±0.28) and turnover intention (2.37±0.57). A good spiritual climate was correlated with high job satisfaction (r=0.412, p < 0.01), low burnout and turnover intention (r = −0.423, p < 0.01 and r = −0.292, p < 0.01, respectively). Spiritual climate could also indirectly influence nurses' job burnout and turnover intention (R2 = 10.31%).ConclusionsDifferent departments have different spiritual climates. The findings from this study indicate that spiritual climate may impact nursing burnout and turnover.Implications for nursing managementUsing a spiritual climate scale provides health care decision-makers with clear information about staff spirituality well-being. Interventions to improve spiritual climate can benefit teamwork in clinical departments

Magnesium-Rich Calcium Phosphate Derived from Tilapia Bone Has Superior Osteogenic Potential

We extracted magnesium-rich calcium phosphate bioceramics from tilapia bone using a gradient thermal treatment approach and investigated their chemical and physicochemical properties. X-ray diffraction showed that tilapia fish bone-derived hydroxyapatite (FHA) was generated through the first stage of thermal processing at 600–800 °C. Using FHA as a precursor, fish bone biphasic calcium phosphate (FBCP) was produced after the second stage of thermal processing at 900–1200 °C. The beta-tricalcium phosphate content in the FBCP increased with an increasing calcination temperature. The fact that the lattice spacing of the FHA and FBCP was smaller than that of commercial hydroxyapatite (CHA) suggests that Mg-substituted calcium phosphate was produced via the gradient thermal treatment. Both the FHA and FBCP contained considerable quantities of magnesium, with the FHA having a higher concentration. In addition, the FHA and FBCP, particularly the FBCP, degraded faster than the CHA. After one day of degradation, both the FHA and FBCP released Mg2+, with cumulative amounts of 4.38 mg/L and 0.58 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, the FHA and FBCP demonstrated superior bone-like apatite formation; they are non-toxic and exhibit better osteoconductive activity than the CHA. In light of our findings, bioceramics originating from tilapia bone appear to be promising in biomedical applications such as fabricating tissue engineering scaffolds

Anomalous metamagnetism in the low carrier density Kondo lattice YbRh3Si7

We report complex metamagnetic transitions in single crystals of the new low carrier Kondo antiferromagnet YbRh3Si7. Electrical transport, magnetization, and specific heat measurements reveal antiferromagnetic order at T_N = 7.5 K. Neutron diffraction measurements show that the magnetic ground state of YbRh3Si7 is a collinear antiferromagnet where the moments are aligned in the ab plane. With such an ordered state, no metamagnetic transitions are expected when a magnetic field is applied along the c axis. It is therefore surprising that high field magnetization, torque, and resistivity measurements with H||c reveal two metamagnetic transitions at mu_0H_1 = 6.7 T and mu_0H_2 = 21 T. When the field is tilted away from the c axis, towards the ab plane, both metamagnetic transitions are shifted to higher fields. The first metamagnetic transition leads to an abrupt increase in the electrical resistivity, while the second transition is accompanied by a dramatic reduction in the electrical resistivity. Thus, the magnetic and electronic degrees of freedom in YbRh3Si7 are strongly coupled. We discuss the origin of the anomalous metamagnetism and conclude that it is related to competition between crystal electric field anisotropy and anisotropic exchange interactions.Comment: 23 pages and 4 figures in the main text. 7 pages and 5 figures in the supplementary materia

Experimental verification and improvement of heat transfer tube local wall temperature measurement method

To ensure the measuring accuracy of the wall temperature, the outer wall temperature measurement values by using three kinds of thermocouple welding methods were analyzed and evaluated in the paper, including single-point flush-mounted in the wall groove method, single-point insert-mounted in the wall groove, and outer surface direct welding method, based on the application of a tube-in-tube condensing heat exchanger. And the impacts of silver, tin, and thermal resistance adhesive as filling materials on wall temperature measurement were also investigated, and the results were compared to that obtained without filling materials. The results showed that the wall temperatures measured by the three welding methods were lower than the theoretically calculated value. And the wall temperature measured by the outer surface direct welding method was lowest under the same experimental conditions. The wall temperatures measured by single-point flush-mounted and insert-mounted in the wall groove methods were also affected by different welding filling materials. It was found that the greater the thermal resistance of filling materials, the smaller the heat loss. By analyzing the reasons for the low measured value of wall temperature, a new wall temperature measurement method was developed to improve the accuracy of the current measurement method. Meanwhile, the outer wall temperature measurement experiments of vertical and horizontal heat transfer tubes were carried out to validate and calibrate the improved outer wall temperature measurement method. The results showed that the average outer wall temperature deviation measured by the improved wall temperature measurement method ranged from −0.82% to +2.29% for vertical tubes and −4.75% to −1.44% for horizontal tubes, and the improved measurement method had good measurement accuracy

A Hybrid Semi-implicit Method of 1D Transient Compressible Flow for Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis of (V)HTR Gas Turbine Systems

Transient thermal-hydraulic analysis of (very) high temperature gas-cooled reactors gas turbine systems (HTRGTSs) needs system transient analysis codes. However, compared with the mature system transient thermal-hydraulic codes of pressurized water reactors (PWRs), the system analysis codes of HTRGTSs have not been so fully developed. In this paper, a new hybrid semi-implicit (HSI) method is proposed based on the semi-implicit method and nearly-implicit method. In the HIS method, a new calculation strategy is devised: the convective term is treated explicitly to solve pressure and velocity, while density and temperature are solved in an implicit manner to get a convergent, stable, and accurate solution in multiple transient scenarios. The HSI method was further validated via the shock-tube benchmark problem and verified via FLUENT simulations. In FLUENT simulations, outlet pressure transient, inlet mass flow transient and inlet temperature transient were studied. It was found that the HSI method is capable of capturing both the fast and slow compressible flow transients with good convergence and stability. Furthermore, an adaptive time step scheme is proposed for faster calculations, considering the maximum relative density difference and Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy condition

Field-tunable toroidal moment in a chiral-lattice magnet

Ferrotoroidal order, which represents a spontaneous arrangement of toroidal moments, has recently been found in a few linear magnetoelectric materials. However, tuning toroidal moments in these materials is challenging. Here, we report switching between ferritoroidal and ferrotoroidal phases by a small magnetic field, in a chiral triangular-lattice magnet BaCoSiO4 with tri-spin vortices. Upon applying a magnetic field, we observe multi-stair metamagnetic transitions, characterized by equidistant steps in the net magnetic and toroidal moments. This highly unusual ferri-ferroic order appears to come as a result of an unusual hierarchy of frustrated isotropic exchange couplings revealed by first principle calculations, and the antisymmetric exchange interactions driven by the structural chirality. In contrast to the previously known toroidal materials identified via a linear magnetoelectric effect, BaCoSiO4 is a qualitatively new multiferroic with an unusual coupling between several different orders, and opens up new avenues for realizing easily tunable toroidal orders. Toroidal moments arise from vortex like spin arrangements. These moments can then interact, giving rise to ferri- or ferro-toroidal order, though controlling such order is difficult. Here, the authors demonstrate a ferri-toroidal state in BaCoSiO4, which under an applied magnetic field exhibits multiple toroidal and metamagnetic transitions