168 research outputs found
The weight distribution of a class of p-ary cyclic codes
AbstractFor an odd prime p and two positive integers n⩾3 and k with ngcd(n,k) being odd, the paper determines the weight distribution of a class of p-ary cyclic codes C over Fp with nonzeros α−1, α−(pk+1) and α−(p3k+1), where α is a primitive element of Fpn
Low-Complexity Acoustic Scene Classification Using Data Augmentation and Lightweight ResNet
We present a work on low-complexity acoustic scene classification (ASC) with
multiple devices, namely the subtask A of Task 1 of the DCASE2021 challenge.
This subtask focuses on classifying audio samples of multiple devices with a
low-complexity model, where two main difficulties need to be overcome. First,
the audio samples are recorded by different devices, and there is mismatch of
recording devices in audio samples. We reduce the negative impact of the
mismatch of recording devices by using some effective strategies, including
data augmentation (e.g., mix-up, spectrum correction, pitch shift), usages of
multi-patch network structure and channel attention. Second, the model size
should be smaller than a threshold (e.g., 128 KB required by the DCASE2021
challenge). To meet this condition, we adopt a ResNet with both depthwise
separable convolution and channel attention as the backbone network, and
perform model compression. In summary, we propose a low-complexity ASC method
using data augmentation and a lightweight ResNet. Evaluated on the official
development and evaluation datasets, our method obtains classification accuracy
scores of 71.6% and 66.7%, respectively; and obtains Log-loss scores of 1.038
and 1.136, respectively. Our final model size is 110.3 KB which is smaller than
the maximum of 128 KB.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in the 16th
IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing (IEEE ICSP
Mass and Heat Balance of a Lake Ice Cover in the Central Asian Arid Climate Zone
To improve the understanding of the seasonal evolution of the mass and heat budget of ice-covered lakes in the cold and arid climate zone, in-situ observations were collected during two winters (2016–2017 and 2017–2018) in Lake Wuliangsuhai, Inner Mongolia, China. The mean snow thickness was 5.2 and 1.6 cm in these winters, due to low winter precipitation. The mean ice thickness was 50.9 and 36.1 cm, and the ice growth rate was 3.6 and 2.1 mm day−1 at the lower boundary of ice. Analyses of mass and heat balance data from two winters revealed that the surface heat budget was governed by solar radiation and terrestrial radiation. The net heat flux loss of the ice was 9–22 W m−2, affected by the snow and ice thickness. Compared to boreal lakes, Lake Wuliangsuhai received more solar radiation and heat flux from the water. The ice temperature had a strong diurnal variation, which was produced by the diurnal cycles of solar radiation, and air and water temperatures. These results expand our knowledge of the evolution of mass and heat balance in temperate lakes of mid-latitude arid areas
ONCache: A Cache-Based Low-Overhead Container Overlay Network
Recent years have witnessed a widespread adoption of containers. While
containers simplify and accelerate application development, existing container
network technologies either incur significant overhead, which hurts performance
for distributed applications, or lose flexibility or compatibility, which
hinders the widespread deployment in production.
We design and implement ONCache (\textbf{O}verlay \textbf{N}etwork
\textbf{Cache}), a cache-based container overlay network, to eliminate the
overhead while keeping flexibility and compatibility. We carefully analyze the
difference between an overlay network and a host network, and find that an
overlay network incurs extra packet processing, including encapsulating,
intra-host routing, namespace traversing and packet filtering. Fortunately, the
extra processing exhibits an \emph{invariance property}, e.g., most packets of
the same flow have the same processing results. This property motivates us to
cache the extra processing results. With the proposed cache, ONCache
significantly reduces the extra overhead while maintaining the same flexibility
and compatibility as standard overlay networks. We implement ONCache using eBPF
with only 524 lines of code, and deploy ONCache as a plugin of Antrea.
With ONCache, container communication achieves similar performance as host
communication. Compared to the standard overlay network, ONCache improves the
throughput and request-response transaction rate by 12\% and 36\% for TCP (20\%
and 34\% for UDP), while significant reduces per-packet CPU overhead. Many
distributed applications also benefit from ONCache
SATB2 shows different profiles between appendiceal adenocarcinomas ex goblet cell carcinoids and appendiceal/colorectal conventional adenocarcinomas: An immunohistochemical study with comparison to CDX2
Background: Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is a novel marker for colorectal adenocarcinomas but little is known about its expression in appendiceal adenocarcinomas. We aim to investigate SATB2 in these tumors and colorectal adenocarcinomas with comparison to CDX2.
Methods: Immunohistochemical stains for SATB2 and CDX2 were performed in 49 appendiceal adenocarcinomas (23 conventional, 26 adenocarcinoma ex goblet cell carcinoids (AdexGCCs)) and 57 colorectal adenocarcinomas. Their expression was correlated with tumor differentiation and growth patterns.
Results: SATB2 staining was positive in 26/26 (100%) appendiceal AdexGCCs and 15/23 (65%) appendiceal conventional adenocarcinomas (P = 0.001). Their mean percentage of SATB2-positive cells was 93% and 34%, respectively (P \u3c 0.0001). CDX2 staining was seen in 26/26 (100%) AdexGCCs and 22/23 (96%) appendiceal conventional adenocarcinomas (P = 0.4694). SATB2 and CDX2 showed similar staining in AdexGCCs but CDX2 labeled more tumor cells than SATB2 in conventional adenocarcinomas (mean 84% vs. 34%, P \u3c 0.0001). SATB2 and CDX2 staining was seen in 82% (47/57) and 96% (55/57) colorectal adenocarcinomas, respectively (P = 0.01). The mean percentage of cells positive for SATB2 and CDX2 was 48% and 91%, respectively (P \u3c 0.00001). Decreased SATB2 immunoreactivity was associated with non-glandular differentiation particularly signet ring cells in colorectal (P = 0.001) and appendiceal conventional adenocarcinomas (P = 0.04) but not in appendiceal AdexGCCs.
Conclusions: SATB2 is a highly sensitive marker for appendiceal AdexGCCs with similar sensitivity as CDX2. In colorectal and appendiceal conventional adenocarcinomas, SATB2 is not as sensitive as CDX2 and its immunoreactivity is dependent on tumor differentiation
In Situ SEM Torsion Test of Metallic Glass Microwires Based on Micro Robotic Manipulation
Microwires, such as metallic, semiconductor, and polymer microwires and carbon fibers, have stimulated great interest due to their importance in various structural and functional applications. Particularly, metallic glass (MG) microwires, because of their amorphous atoms arrangement, have some unique mechanical properties compared with traditional metals. Despite the fact that substantial research efforts have been made on the mechanical characterizations of metallic glass microwires under tension or flexural bending, the mechanical properties of microwires under torsional loading have not been well studied, mainly due to the experimental difficulties, such as the detection of torsion angle, quantitative measurement of the torsional load, and the alignment between the specimen and torque meter. In this work, we implemented the in situ SEM torsion tests of individual La50Al30Ni20 metallic glass (MG) microwires successfully based on a self-developed micro robotic mechanical testing system. Unprecedented details, such as the revolving vein-pattern along the torsion direction on MG microwires fracture surface, were revealed. Our platform could provide critical insights into understanding the deformation mechanisms of other microwires under torsional loading and can even be further used for robotic micromanufacturing
ATP6L promotes metastasis of colorectal cancer by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition
ATP6L, the C subunit of the V-ATPase V0 domain, is involved in regulating the acidic tumor micro-environment and may promote tumor progression. However, the expression and functional role of ATP6L in tumors have not yet been well explored. In this study, we found that ATP6L protein overexpression was related to colorectal cancer histological differentiation (P <0.001), presence of metastasis (P <0.001) and recurrence (P = 0.02). ATP6L expression in the liver metastatic foci was higher than in the primary foci (P = 0.04). ATP6L expression was notably concomitant with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) immunohistochemical features, such as reduced expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin (P = 0.021) and increased expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin (P = 0.004). Results of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that ATP6L expression could alter cell morphology, regulate EMT-associated protein expression, and enhance migration and invasion. The effect of ATP6L on metastasis was further demonstrated in a tail vein injection mice model. In addition, the mouse xenograft model showed that ATP6L-overexpressing HCT116 cells grew into larger tumor masses, showed less necrosis and formed more micro-vessels than the control cells. Taken together, our results suggest that ATP6L promotes metastasis of colorectal cancer by inducing EMT and angiogenesis, and is a potential target for tumor therapy
Experimental study on LBL beams
Six specimens were made and tested to study the mechanical properties of LBL beams. The mean ultimate loading value is 68.39 MPa with a standard deviation of 6.37 MPa, giving a characteristic strength (expected to be exceeded by 95% of specimens) of 57.91 MPa, and the mean ultimate deflection is 53.3 mm with a standard deviation of 5.5 mm, giving the characteristic elastic modulus of 44.3 mm. The mean ultimate bending moment is 20.18 kN.m with a standard deviation of 1.88 kN.m, giving the characteristic elastic modulus of 17.08 kN.m. The mean elastic modulus is 9688 MPa with a standard deviation of 1765 MPa, giving the characteristic elastic modulus of 6785 MPa, and the mean modulus of rupture is 93.3 MPa with a standard deviation of 8.6 MPa, giving the characteristic elastic modulus of 79.2 MPa. The strain across the cross-section for all LBL beams is basically linear throughout the loading process, following standard beam theory
Comparison of phase structures and surface free energy values for the coatings synthesised from linear polyurethanes and from waterborne polyurethane cationomers
WAXS, DSC and AFM methods were employed to compare phase structures of the coatings obtained from waterborne polyurethane cationomers which had been synthesised in the reaction of some diisocyanates (MDI, IPDI, TDI and HDI) with polyoxyethylene glycols (M = 600 and 2,000) and butane1,4-diol or N-methyl- or N-butyldiethanolamine and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1,4-butanediol. The structures were also analysed of the coatings derived from linear polyurethanes which had been synthesised on the basis of similar raw materials. Better rigidity was found for generally amorphous cationomer coats. Changes were discussed in the surface free energy (SFE) values and in their components, as calculated independently with the use of the van Oss–Good and Owens–Wendt methods. Polyurethane coats turned out more hydrophobic as compared to cationomer ones. In both coat types, fluorine incorporated into cationomers contributed to lower SFE values: from 50 down to about 30 mJ/m2
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