Risk Factors Associated with Running Related Injuries in Physically Active Young Men

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Barriers to Physical Activity: Physical Activity in Military Employees; Barrier impact on Perceived Health

Much of the world faces a growing obesity epidemic. (pp92-97) The consequences of this serious problem are well established and potentially devastating. Conditions associated with an elevated body mass include diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and certain malignancies.(pp97-100), For many, obesity and elevated body mass are a consequence of decreased physical activity; industrial advancements (eg, convenient transportation, technological advancements, and decreased need for manual labor) have contributed to an overall decrease in physical activity worldwide

Narrative text analysis to identify technologies to prevent motor vehicle crashes: Examples from military vehicles

Introduction: The purpose of this research is to describe the leading circumstances of military vehicle crashes to guide prioritization and implementation of crash avoidance and/or warning technologies. Methods: A descriptive study using narrative text analysis on 3,944 military vehicle crash narratives. Crash data on drivers, from 2001 to 2006, were assembled from the U.S. Army Combat Readiness/Safety Center. Reviewers collected information on the circumstances of crashes and determined if vehicle technology could have prevented the crash. Results: Nearly 98% of the crashes were nonfatal; 63% occurred in the U.S. and 24% in Iraq. Among crash events where the direction of the impact was recorded, 32% were to the front of the vehicle and 16% involved a vehicle being rear-ended. Rollovers were mentioned in 20% of the narratives. Technology was determined to have the potential to prevent 26% of the crashes, with the forward collision warning system, rear end collision avoidance, emergency brake assistance, and rollover stability control system likely to have the greatest impacts. Conclusions: Some technologies available for civilian vehicles may prevent certain military crash circumstances. Impact on Industry: The results of this research are significant in light of ongoing global military operations that rely on military vehicles. Improving the preventive technology featured onmilitary vehiclesmay be an effective strategy to reduce the occurrence of military crashes

Interventions to prevent softball related injuries: a review of the literature

Objectives: To examine the published evidence on interventions to prevent softball related injuries among adults, and to encourage more epidemiologic research as a foundation for future softball injury prevention efforts. Methods: The authors reviewed literature identified from six electronic databases for studies on softball related injuries. The search was limited to studies written in the English language, published between 1970 and 2002, and involving adult populations. Research was excluded that evaluated baseball ("hard ball") related injuries or was aimed at injury treatment. Identified studies were categorized by study design. Intervention/prevention papers were evaluated further and described in detail. Results: The search strategy identified 39 studies specifically related to softball. Most studies were case reports/case series (n = 13) or descriptive studies (n = 11); only four were analytic or intervention/prevention studies. Studies collected data in a variety of ways, often without denominator data to permit calculation of injury rates. Studies also did not differentiate between slow or fast pitch softball activities and most did not mention the type of softball that was used. Conclusions: Surprisingly few studies exist on interventions to reduce injuries during softball, one of the most popular recreational sports in the US. Of the existing literature, much attention has been on sliding related injuries, which comprise only a segment of softball injuries. Basic epidemiologic studies describing the nature, severity, and risk factors for softball injuries in a variety of populations are needed, followed by additional intervention evaluation studies aimed at modifiable risk factors