Synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic properties of [Co(bpcam) 2 ]ClO 4 ·dmso·H 2 O, [Co(bpcam) 2 ] 2 [Co(NCS) 4 ]·dmso·H 2 O and [Ni(bpcam) 2 ]·H 2 O [Hbpcam = bis(2-pyrimidylcarbonyl)amide]

The preparation, spectroscopic characterization, structural study and magnetic investigation of three new complexes of formula [Co(bpcam)2]ClO4·dmso·H2O (1), [Co(bpcam)2]2[Co(NCS)4]·dmso·H2O (2) and [Ni(bpcam)2]·H2O (3) [Hbpcam = bis(2-pyrimidylcarbonyl)amide] are reported. Each bpcam group in 1–3 acts as a tridentate ligand being coordinated to the cobalt(III) (1 and 2)/nickel(II) (3) ions through three nitrogen atoms in a mer-arrangement. Six-coordinate cobalt(III) and nickel(II) occur in 1 and 3 respectively, whereas six-coordinate cobalt(III) and four-coordinate cobalt(II) coexist in 2. Cyclic voltammetry of 1 in acetonitrile shows the occurrence of one quasi reversible CoIII ↔ CoII process. Direct current (dc) variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements on polycrystalline samples of 2 and 3 were carried out in the temperature range 1.9–295 K. The magnetic behaviour of 2 obeys to the zero-field splitting effects (DCo) of the 4A2 ground term of the pseudotetrahedral [Co(NCS)4]2− complex anion. A Curie law for a magnetically isolated nickel(II) ion in the high temperatures domain occurs for 3, the small decrease of χMT below 10 K being due zero-field splitting effects. The analysis of the magnetic susceptibility data of 2 and 3 through the spin Hamiltonian H = DM[Sz2 − S(S + 1)/3] + gMβHS [M = Co(2) and Ni(3)] led to the following set of values: gM = 2.37 (2) and 2.12 (3) and |DM| = 34.7 (2) and 1.72 cm−1 (3)

Avaliação de atrativos alimentares utilizados no monitoramento de mosca-das-frutas em pessegueiro na lapa- PR Food attractants used in the monitoring of fruit flies in peach trees in lapa, Paraná (PR), Brazil

As moscas-das-frutas do gênero Anastrepha são uma praga-chave na cultura do pessegueiro no Paraná. Atrativos alimentares foram testados para determinar a sua eficiência no monitoramento de moscas-das-frutas capturadas em frascos caça-moscas McPhail. O experimento foi conduzido por três anos, sendo que, em 2002, foram testados como atrativo o suco de uva da marca Maguari®, o hidrolisado enzimático de proteína da marca BioAnastrepha® e o vinagre da marca Chemin Agrin®. Nos dois anos seguintes, o vinagre foi substituído pelo composto protéico hidrolisável da marca Torula®. As substâncias atrativas à base de proteína foram as mais eficientes na captura de Anastrepha spp., e as capturas ocorreram antecipadas em relação ao suco de uva. De acordo com os resultados, recomendam-se atrativos à base de proteína para monitoramento de Anastrepha spp em pessegueiro, na Lapa.<br>Fruit flies of Anastrepha genus are a key pest in peach trees in Paraná. Food attractants were tested to determine their efficiency in monitoring fruit flies captured in McPhail fly traps. The experiment was conducted over a period of three years. In 2002 the following attractors were tested: Maguari® brand grape juice, BioAnastrepha® brand hydrolyzed enzymatic protein and Chemin Agrin® vinegar. Over the next two years, the vinegar was replaced by Torula® hydrolyzed protein compound. Protein-based attractants were the most efficient in trapping Anastrepha spp. and captured flies earlier comparing to grape juice. According to the results, the use of protein-based attractants for monitoring Anastrepha spp in the Lapa peach trees was recommended

Oviposition preference and larval performance in Ceratitis capitata (Díptera, Tephritidae)

Experiments concerning oviposition preference were carried out on Ceratitis capitata to determine whether females are able to preferentially oviposit on natural hosts in which the larvae develop better. The results indicated that the females do not preferentially oviposit on hosts of better nutritive value for the larvae