Thin film devices used as oxygen partial pressure sensors

Electrical conductivity of zinc oxide films to be used in an oxygen partial pressure sensor is measured as a function of temperature, oxygen partial pressure, and other atmospheric constituents. Time response following partial pressure changes is studied as a function of temperature and environmental changes

Innovation in Giving

The third report in our Future of Philanthropy series explores how individual donors and charitable organisations are facing the challenge of innovating to find different and better solutions to complex social challenges

An Evaluation of the Costs and Health Benefits Associated with an Overseas Voluntary HIV Screening Program for Refugees Undergoing Ressettlement to the United States

Since 2010, HIV screening is no longer required as part of the overseas medical examination for U.S.-bound refugees. Estimated HIV prevalence for U.S-bound refugees range from 0% to 9%, with an average of 2.2%. Based on this data, many refugees may be at high risk for HIV and HIV-associated infections and sequelae when compared to the 0.4% to 0.9% prevalence range in the U.S. population. This capstone is an economic analysis of costs associated with an overseas voluntary HIV screening and treatment program for refugees undergoing resettlement to the U.S. This study seeks to answer the following question: Will HIV screening for refugees overseas be less expensive for the U.S. government than domestic screening and will early screening have positive public health outcomes? The results of this study suggest that HIV screening for refugees overseas will be less expensive for the U.S. government than domestic screening and early screening will have a positive effect on public health outcomes for refugees and receiving communities. Increasing the rates of overseas screening should increase the number of refugees screened and linked to care at least 3 months earlier

The Effects of Regular Aerobic Exercise on Tension Headache

A substantial portion of the population will suffer from headache at some point in their lives. This study examines the effect of a simple behavioral treatment for one of the two most common forms of headache, tension headache. Participants selected for the study were drawn from introductory psychology and exercise courses at Marshall University, reported having at least one tension headache per week, and exercised two or fewer times per week. Participants enrolled in an eight-week physical education aerobic exercise course through the university, and monitored their headache activity both during the class and through an eight-week baseline period. Participants experienced fewer headaches, used fewer analgesic medications, and exhibited less anxiety during the treatment period

Illumination from space with orbiting solar-reflector spacecraft

The feasibility of using orbiting mirrors to reflect sunlight to Earth for several illumination applications is studied. A constellation of sixteen 1 km solar reflector spacecraft in geosynchronous orbit can illuminate a region 333 km in diameter to 8 lux, which is brighter than most existing expressway lighting systems. This constellation can serve one region all night long or can provide illumination during mornings and evenings to five regions across the United States. Preliminary cost estimates indicate such an endeavor is economically feasible. The studies also explain how two solar reflectors can illuminate the in-orbit nighttime operations of Space Shuttle. An unfurlable, 1 km diameter solar reflector spacecraft design concept was derived. This spacecraft can be packaged in the Space, Shuttle, transported to low Earth orbit, unfurled, and solar sailed to operational orbits up to geosynchronous. The necessary technical studies and improvements in technology are described, and potential environmental concerns are discussed

Foucault y Campanella: el cuidado de sí en "La ciudad del sol"

Este artículo propone una lectura de la Ciudad del Sol de Tommaso Campanella teniendo en cuenta los estudios que realizara Michel Foucault sobre el cuidado de sí, especialmente en el segundo volumen de su historia de la sexualidad. Así se puede comprobar como las técnicas del cuidado de sí que griegos y romanos utilizaran para alcanzar una vida mejor se convierten, en la utopía de Campanella, en instrumentos del poder para perpetuar un sistema político determinado.This article proposes a reading of Tommaso Campanella’s The City of the Sun under the light of Michel Foucault’s study on the care of the self, especially in the second volume of his History of Sexuality. This way, it can be seen how the techniques of the care of the self that Greeks and Romans used with the aim of achieving a better life become, in Campanella’s utopia, in tools for power to perpetuate a given political system

Characterization of silicon dioxide for a capacitance-type meteoroid penetration detector

Fabrication and testing of large area metal oxide silicon capacitors for micrometeoroid counting in spac

The \u3ci\u3eWright\u3c/i\u3e Enabling Disclosure for Biotechnology Patents

The disclosure in a patent specification must enable others to make and use the claimed invention. In the competitive biotechnology industry, companies often seek broad claims to protect contemplated embodiments of their inventions that have not yet been reduced to practice. In In re Wright, the Federal Circuit recently challenged this approach when it upheld the rejection, for lack of enablement, of all but the narrowest claims to a vaccine genetically engineered to protect against retroviruses. This decision unreasonably elevates the established standard for enablement by limiting biotechnological patent protection to only those embodiments of a claimed invention whose success can be demonstrated by working examples. This Note critiques that decision and proposes a limited policy-based approach to guide consistent determinations of enablement for patent claims