Automatic categorization of Ottoman poems

Cataloged from PDF version of article.This work is partially supported by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) under the grant number 109E006.Authorship attribution and identifying time period of literary works are fundamental problems in quantitative analysis of languages. We investigate two fundamentally different machine learning text categorization methods, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Naïve Bayes (NB), and several style markers in the categorization of Ottoman poems according to their poets and time periods. We use the collected works (divans) of ten different Ottoman poets: two poets from each of the five different hundred-year periods ranging from the 15th to 19 th century. Our experimental evaluation and statistical assessments show that it is possible to obtain highly accurate and reliable classifications and to distinguish the methods and style markers in terms of their effectiveness

Visual Feature Attribution using Wasserstein GANs

Attributing the pixels of an input image to a certain category is an important and well-studied problem in computer vision, with applications ranging from weakly supervised localisation to understanding hidden effects in the data. In recent years, approaches based on interpreting a previously trained neural network classifier have become the de facto state-of-the-art and are commonly used on medical as well as natural image datasets. In this paper, we discuss a limitation of these approaches which may lead to only a subset of the category specific features being detected. To address this problem we develop a novel feature attribution technique based on Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks (WGAN), which does not suffer from this limitation. We show that our proposed method performs substantially better than the state-of-the-art for visual attribution on a synthetic dataset and on real 3D neuroimaging data from patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). For AD patients the method produces compellingly realistic disease effect maps which are very close to the observed effects.Comment: Accepted to CVPR 201

Experimental transmission trials by Cacopsylla pyri, collected from pear decline infected orchards in Turkey

A study was carried out on the experimental transmission efficiency of the Pear Decline (PD) phytoplasma by Cacopsylla pyri (L.), collected from naturally infected orchards from Bursa and non-infected orchard from Hatay province of Turkey. C. pyri adults captured from infected orchards were directly transmitted to healthy periwinkle plants (Catharanthus roseus) whereas the second group firstly fed on infected pear for two weeks and then transferred to periwinkles. Groups of five psyllids per plant were used for transmissison tests and the study was replicated three times. The presence of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ in psyllids and C. roseus plants was analysed by nested PCR using P1/P7 and U3/U5 primer pairs.. Although C. pyri has limited host range, they were able to survive up to 20 days on periwinkles. Insects collected from Bursa province survived 16-20 days whereas second group from Hatay were survived 7-12 days on periwinkles. Symptoms consist of a yellowing or clearing of the veins in newly infected leaves and shortening of the internodes of the main stem. They also remain stunted and flowers were small. According to the RFLP analysis of Bursa samples, the experimental infection rate of periwinkle plants and psyllids was 33.3 % and 16.6 %, respectively. No infected periwinkle was found in second group but psyllids were 33.3 % infected. Transmission trials under controlled conditions showed the capability of C. pyri to transmit PD from infected pears to healthy periwinkles and confirmed as vector of Ca. P. pyri in Turkey.Keywords: Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri, pear psyllid, transmission efficienc

Experimental transmission trials by Cacopsylla pyri, collected from Pear Decline infected orchards in Turkey

A study was carried out on the experimental transmission efficiency of the Pear Decline (PD) phytoplasma by Cacopsylla pyri (L.) C. pyri were collected from naturally infected orchards in Bursa province (Plots B1 and B2) and a non-infected orchard in the Hatay-Antakya province (Plot A) of Turkey. C. pyri adults captured from infected orchards were placed directly onto healthy periwinkle plants (Catharanthus roseus), whereas the C. pyri from plot A were allowed to feed first on infected pear for two weeks, then transferred to healthy periwinkle plants. Groups of five psyllids per plant were used for transmissison tests and the study was replicated three times. The presence of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ in psyllids and C. roseus plants was checked by nested PCR using P1/P7 and U3/U5 primer pairs. Although C. pyri have a limited host range they were able to survive up to 20 days on periwinkle plants. Insects collected from Bursa province survived 16-20 days whereas insects from Antakya survived 7-12 days on periwinkle plants. Symptoms consisted of yellowing or clearing of the veins in newly infected leaves, and shortening of the internodes of the main stem. The infected plants remained stunted and with small flowers. Results based on the RFLP analysis of infected plants exposed to psyllids from plot B1and B2 indicated that the experimental infection rate of periwinkle plants and psyllids was 33.3% and 16.6%, respectively. No infected periwinkle was found in plants exposed to psyllids from plot A, but the psyllids used for experimental transmission experiments were 33.3 % infected. Transmission trials under controlled conditions showed the capability of C. pyri to transmit PD from infected pears to healthy periwinkles and confirmed their potential as vectors of Ca. P. pyri in Turkey. Keywords: Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri, pear psyllid, transmission efficienc

Nonlocal Gate Of Quantum Network Via Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics

We propose an experimentally feasible scheme to realize the nonlocal gate between two different quantum network nodes. With an entanglement-qubit (ebit) acts as a quantum channel, our scheme is resistive to actual environment noise and can get high fidelity in current cavity quantum electrodynamics (C-QED) system.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

Automatic categorization of ottoman literary texts by poet and time period

Millions of manuscripts and printed texts are available in the Ottoman language. The automatic categorization of Ottoman texts would make these documents much more accessible in various applications ranging from historical investigations to literary analyses. In this work, we use transcribed version of Ottoman literary texts in the Latin alphabet and show that it is possible to develop effective Automatic Text Categorization techniques that can be applied to the Ottoman language. For this purpose, we use two fundamentally different machine learning methods: Naïve Bayes and Support Vector Machines, and employ four style markers: most frequent words, token lengths, two-word collocations, and type lengths. In the experiments, we use the collected works (divans) of ten different poets: two poets from five different hundred-year periods ranging from the 15th to 19th century. The experimental results show that it is possible to obtain highly accurate classifications in terms of poet and time period. By using statistical analysis we are able to recommend which style marker and machine learning method are to be used in future studies. © 2012 Springer-Verlag London Limited

A content-based social network study of evliyâ çelebi's seyahatnâme-bitlis section

Evliyâ Çelebi, an Ottoman writer, scholar and world traveler, visited most of the territories and also some of the neighboring countries of the Ottoman Empire in the seventeenth century. He took notes about his trips and wrote a 10-volume book called Seyahatnâme (Book of Travels). In this paper, we present two methods for constructing social networks by using textual data and apply it to Seyahatnâme-Bitlis Section from book IV. The first social network construction method is based on proximity of co-occurence of names. The second method is based on 2-pair associations obtained by association rule mining by using sliding text blocks as transactions. The social networks obtained by these two methods are validated using a Monte Carlo approach by comparing them with the social network created by a scholar-historian. © 2012 Springer-Verlag London Limited

Redif extraction in handwritten Ottoman literary texts

Repeated patterns, rhymes and redifs, are among the fundamental building blocks of Ottoman Divan poetry. They provide integrity of a poem by connecting its parts and bring a melody to its voice. In Ottoman literature, poets wrote their works by making use of the rhymes and redifs of previous poems according to the nazire (creative imitation) tradition either to prove their expertise or to show respect towards old masters. Automatic recognition of redifs would provide important data mining opportunities in literary analyses of Ottoman poetry where the majority of it is in handwritten form. In this study, we propose a matching criterion and method, Redif Extraction using Contour Segments (RECS) using the proposed matching criterion, that detects redifs in handwritten Ottoman literary texts using only visual analysis. Our method provides a success rate of 0.682 in a test collection of 100 poems. © 2010 IEEE

Limitations of practical multi-photon decoherence-free states

It is shown in this paper that decoherence-free subspace (DFS) of practical multi-photon polarization can not avoid the exponential decoherence even in the same extra-environment if the photons are frequency-anticorrelated. The reason lies in that the condition of collective decoherence is not satisfied in this case. As an example, the evolution of biphoton's decoherence-free state is given. Possible solution for feasible multi-photon's DFS state is also given.Comment: 6 pages, no figur

Scheme for demonstrating Bell theorem in tripartite entanglement between atomic ensembles

We propose an experimentally feasible scheme to demonstrate quantum nonlocality, using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) and $W$ entanglement between atomic ensembles generated by a new developed method based on laser manipulation and{} single-photon detection.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure