465 research outputs found
Lack of Mutual Respect in Relationship The Endangered Partner
Violence in a relationship and in a family setting has been
an issue of concern to various interest groups and professional organizations.
Of particular interest in this article is violence against women
in a relationship. While there is an abundance of knowledge on violence
against women in general, intimate or partner femicide seems to have
received less attention. Unfortunately, the incidence of violence against
women, and intimate femicide in particular, has been an issue of concern
in the African setting.
This article examines the trends of intimate femicide in an African setting
in general, and in Botswana in particular. The increase in intimate
femicide is an issue of concern, which calls for collective effort to address.
This article also examines trends offemicide in Botswana, and the
antecedents and the precipitating factors. Some studies have implicated
societal and cultural dynamics as playing significant roles in intimate
femicide in the African setting. It is believed that the patriarchal nature
of most African settings and the ideology of male supremacy have relegated
women to a subordinate role. Consequently, respect for women
in any relationship with men is lopsided in favor of men and has led to
abuse of women, including intimate femicide. Other militating factors in
intimate femicide ,are examined and the implications for counseling to
assist the endangered female partner are discussed
Top-Quark Pair Production Beyond Next-to-Leading Order
We report on recent calculations of the differential cross section for
top-quark pair production at hadron colliders. The results are differential
with respect to the top-pair invariant mass and to the partonic scattering
angle. In these calculations, which were carried out by employing
soft-collinear effective theory techniques, we resummed threshold logarithms up
to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic order. Starting from the differential
cross section, it is possible to obtain theoretical predictions for the
invariant-mass distribution and the total cross section. We summarize here our
results for these observables, and we compare them with the results obtained
from different calculational methods.Comment: Talk presented at Loops and Legs in Quantum Field Theory 2010,
Woerlitz, Germany, April 25-30, 2010. 6 page
Instabilities in the Flux Line Lattice of Anisotropic Superconductors
The stability of the flux line lattice has been investigated within
anisotropic London theory. This is the first full-scale investigation of
instabilities in the `chain' state. It has been found that the lattice is
stable at large fields, but that instabilities occur as the field is reduced.
The field at which these instabilities first arise, ,
depends on the anisotropy and the angle at which the
lattice is tilted away from the -axis. These instabilities initially occur
at wavevector , and the component of along the
average direction of the flux lines, , is always finite. As the
instability occurs at finite the dependence of the cutoff on is
important, and we have used a cutoff suggested by Sudb\ospace and Brandt. The
instabilities only occur for values of the anisotropy appropriate to
a material like BSCCO, and not for anisotropies more appropriate to YBCO. The
lower critical field is calculated as a function of the angle
at which the applied field is tilted away from the crystal axis. The
presence of kinks in is seen to be related to instabilities in
the equilibrium flux line structure.Comment: Extensively revised paper, with modified analysis of elastic
instabilities. Calculation of the lower critical field is included, and the
presence of kinks in is seen to be related to the elastic
instabilities. 29 pages including 16 figures, LaTeX with epsf styl
Citizen Desires, Policy Outcomes, and Community Control
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68810/2/10.1177_107808747200800107.pd
Time Variations in the Scale of Grand Unification
We study the consequences of time variations in the scale of grand
unification, , when the Planck scale and the value of the unified coupling
at the Planck scale are held fixed. We show that the relation between the
variations of the low energy gauge couplings is highly model dependent. It is
even possible, in principle, that the electromagnetic coupling varies,
but the strong coupling does not (to leading approximation). We
investigate whether the interpretation of recent observations of quasar
absorption lines in terms of time variation in can be accounted for by
time variation in . Our formalism can be applied to any scenario where a
time variation in an intermediate scale induces, through threshold corrections,
time variations in the effective low scale couplings.Comment: 14 pages, revtex4; Updated observational results and improved
statistical analysis (section IV); added reference
Constraints on the Variation of the Fine Structure Constant from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
We put bounds on the variation of the value of the fine structure constant
, at the time of Big Bang nucleosynthesis. We study carefully all light
elements up to Li. We correct a previous upper limit on estimated from He primordial abundance and we find interesting new
potential limits (depending on the value of the baryon-to-photon ratio) from
Li, whose production is governed to a large extent by Coulomb barriers. The
presently unclear observational situation concerning the primordial abundances
preclude a better limit than |\Delta \alpha/\alpha| \lsim 2\cdot 10^{-2}, two
orders of magnitude less restrictive than previous bounds. In fact, each of the
(mutually exclusive) scenarios of standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis proposed,
one based on a high value of the measured deuterium primordial abundance and
one based on a low value, may describe some aspects of data better if a change
in of this magnitude is assumed.Comment: 21 pages, eps figures embedded using epsfig macr
On observability of Renyi's entropy
Despite recent claims we argue that Renyi's entropy is an observable
quantity. It is shown that, contrary to popular belief, the reported domain of
instability for Renyi entropies has zero measure (Bhattacharyya measure). In
addition, we show the instabilities can be easily emended by introducing a
coarse graining into an actual measurement. We also clear up doubts regarding
the observability of Renyi's entropy in (multi--)fractal systems and in systems
with absolutely continuous PDF's.Comment: 18 pages, 1 EPS figure, REVTeX, minor changes, accepted to Phys. Rev.
Diffusion of impurities in a granular gas
Diffusion of impurities in a granular gas undergoing homogeneous cooling
state is studied. The results are obtained by solving the Boltzmann--Lorentz
equation by means of the Chapman--Enskog method. In the first order in the
density gradient of impurities, the diffusion coefficient is determined as
the solution of a linear integral equation which is approximately solved by
making an expansion in Sonine polynomials. In this paper, we evaluate up to
the second order in the Sonine expansion and get explicit expressions for
in terms of the restitution coefficients for the impurity--gas and gas--gas
collisions as well as the ratios of mass and particle sizes. To check the
reliability of the Sonine polynomial solution, analytical results are compared
with those obtained from numerical solutions of the Boltzmann equation by means
of the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. In the simulations, the
diffusion coefficient is measured via the mean square displacement of
impurities. The comparison between theory and simulation shows in general an
excellent agreement, except for the cases in which the gas particles are much
heavier and/or much larger than impurities. In theses cases, the second Sonine
approximation to improves significantly the qualitative predictions made
from the first Sonine approximation. A discussion on the convergence of the
Sonine polynomial expansion is also carried out.Comment: 9 figures. to appear in Phys. Rev.
Completion of Advance Directives: Do Social Work Preadmission Interviews Make a Difference?
Objectives: This study tests the efficacy of a preadmission, educational interview on advance directives, in this case, health care proxies (HCPs) offered to elective, orthopedic patients. Method: Using a quasi-experimental design, participants (n = 54) are assigned to either treatment group (who received the educational interview, conducted by a social worker, over and above the federally mandated written information on HCPs) or comparison group (who received the written information only). Results: Logistic regression analysis indicates there is a statistically significantly higher probability that a patient would sign an HCP if assigned to the treatment group than if assigned to the comparison condition. Conclusion: Benefits of educating patients about HCPs as part of routine social work practice are outlined
Relative Navigation, Microdischarge Plasma Thruster, and Distributed Communications Experiments on the FASTRAC Mission
Enabling technologies for nanosatellite formations will be demonstrated under the Formation Autonomy Spacecraft with Thrust, Relnav, Attitude, and Crosslink (FASTRAC) program. Two °ight-ready nanosatellites will be designed, fabricated, integrated, and tested during the two year design period. Three speci¯c new and innovative technologies which will be demonstrated during the mission are Relative Navigation, Plasma Microthrusters, and Distributed Communications. A sensor set consisting of Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, magnetometer, and MEMS Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) will be used to determine position and coarse attitude. Using a radio crosslink, the two satellites will exchange state vector information and perform sub-meter level accuracy relative navigation. Each satellite will also contain a Microdischarge Plasma Thruster (MPT) developed at UT-Austin. This innovative device is capable of generating low-thrust, high-e±ciency propulsion at low power levels using microdischarge plasmas. The ability of the MPT to extend the life of the orbit will be determined by monitoring the orbit decay rates of the two vehicles as well as the MEMS IMU. A distributed tracking network with multiple university partners will be utilized to track the low Earth orbit satellites. Amateur radio experimenters, high schools, universities, and other interested parties will be encouraged to record telemetry from the satellites and report their data to a project web site for processing. Although the main purpose of the mission is technology demonstration, science goals will also be pursued. These include post-processing sensor measurements to determine satellite drag, as well as Earth atmospheric and magnetospheric studies
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