Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of New Palladium(III) Complexes

Palladium is one of the most common and versatile transition metals used in modern organometallic chemistry. The chemistry of palladium in its 0, +II, and +IV oxidation states is well-known; by comparison, the chemistry of palladium in its +III oxidation state is in its infancy. The work in this thesis involves the study of previously unknown Pd(III) complexes, including applications in materials chemistry and catalysis.Chemistry and Chemical Biolog

One-Dimensional Palladium Wires: Influence of Molecular Changes on Supramolecular Structure

Nanostructured materials based on one-dimensional (1D) metal wires are of potential utility; however, to date, there is a lack of synthetic methods that allow for variation of structure and therefore properties. Here we report the use of molecular control elements to alter the solid-state structures of 1D palladium wires, including Pd–Pd bond distances and the porosity of the supramolecular framework.Chemistry and Chemical Biolog

Chemiresistive Sensor Arrays from Conductive 2D Metal–Organic Frameworks

Applications of porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in electronic devices are rare, owing in large part to a lack of MOFs that display electrical conductivity. Here, we describe the use of conductive two-dimensional (2D) MOFs as a new class of materials for chemiresistive sensing of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We demonstrate that a family of structurally analogous 2D MOFs can be used to construct a cross-reactive sensor array that allows for clear discrimination between different categories of VOCs. Experimental data show that multiple sensing mechanisms are operative with high degrees of orthogonality, establishing that the 2D MOFs used here are mechanistically unique and offer advantages relative to other known chemiresistor materials.Camille & Henry Dreyfus Foundation. Postdoctoral Program in Environmental ChemistrAlfred P. Sloan FoundationResearch Corporation for Science Advancement3M CompanyNational Science Foundation (U.S.). Graduate Research Fellowship Program (Grant 1122374)Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologie

Palladium(III)-Catalyzed Fluorination of Arylboronic Acid Derivatives

A practical, palladium-catalyzed synthesis of aryl fluorides from arylboronic acid derivatives is presented. The reaction is operationally simple and amenable to multigram-scale synthesis. Evaluation of the reaction mechanism suggests a single-electron-transfer pathway, involving a Pd(III) intermediate that has been isolated and characterized.Chemistry and Chemical Biolog

Synthesis and Structure of Solution-Stable One-Dimensional Palladium Wires

One-dimensional metal wires are valuable materials because of their optical and electronic anisotropy, and they have potential utility in devices such as photovoltaic cells and molecular sensors. However, despite more than a century of research, only a few examples exist of well-defined one-dimensional (1D) metal wires that allow for the rational variation of conductivity. Herein we describe the first examples of 1D molecular wires supported by Pd–Pd bonds, the thin-film conductive properties of which can be altered by controlled molecular changes. Wires based on Pd(III) give semiconducting films with a modifiable bandgap, whereas wires based on Pd(2.5) give films that display metallic conductivity above 200 K: a metallic state has not been reported previously for any polymer composed of 1D metal wires. The wires are infinite in the solid state and maintain 1D structures in solution with lengths of up to 750 nm. Solution stability enables thin film coating, a requisite for device fabrication using molecular wires.Chemistry and Chemical Biolog

Forests for the New Millennium - MAKING FORESTS WORK FOR PEOPLE AND NATURE

THE WAYS IN WHICH FORESTS ARE PERCEIVED AND USED HAVE CHANGED DRAMATICALLY OVER RECENT YEARS. FORESTS ARE NO LONGER SEEN SIMPLY AS A SOURCE OF TIMBER, BUT AS COMPLEX ECOSYSTEMS WHICH SUSTAIN LIVELIHOODS AND PROVIDE A RANGE OF PRODUCTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES. IT IS NOW WIDELY RECOGNISED THAT FORESTS CAN CONTRIBUTE TO RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION.Forest, economics, livelihoods

Crop Updates 2009 - Weeds

This session covers twenty three papers from different authors: Herbicides 1. New pre-seeding grass selective herbicides – How well do they work in zero or no-till systems? Dr Catherine Borgerand Dr Abul Hashem, Department of Agriculture and Food 2. Velocity®—An alternate mode of action for the control of wild radish in cereals, Mike Clarke, Bayer Cropscience Pty Ltd, Dr Aik Cheam, Department of Agriculture and Food, Dr Michael Walsh, WAHRI, University of Western Australia 3. Herbicide tolerance of new barley varieties, Harmohinder Dhammu, Vince Lambert, Chris Roberts and Russell Quartermaine, Department of Agriculture and Food 4. Herbicide tolerance of Desi chickpea – influence of seeding depth and rainfall, Harmohinder Dhammu, and David Nicholson, Department of Agriculture and Food 5. Herbicide tolerance of new wheat varieties, Harmohinder Dhammu, and David Nicholson, Department of Agriculture and Food 6. PARAGON plus Bromicide 200: a triple mode-of-action approach to combating wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum, Mike Jackson and Bill Campbell, Nufarm Australia Limited 7. Interaction of glyphosate dose, annual ryegrass growth stage and environmental conditions on the performance of glyphosate for control of annual ryegrass, John Moore, Abul Hashem, Mario D’Antuono, Paul Matson and Dave Nicholson, Department of Agriculture and Food 8. Metribuzin pre-sowing of lupins, Peter Newman, Department of Agriculture and Food 9. Wild radish herbicides - you get what you pay for, Peter Newman, Department of Agriculture and Food 10. Glyphosate-the consequences of cutting rates, Sally Peltzer and Dave Minkey, Department of Agriculture and Food, and Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative 11. Reasons to use only the full label herbicide rate, Stephen B Powles, Qin Yu, Mechelle Owen, Roberto Busi and Sudheesh Manalil, WA Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia 12. Mandelup has reasonable tolerance to atrazine, Leigh Smith and Peter White, Department of Agriculture and Food Herbicide resistance 13. Risk of glyphosate resistance in wide-row lupin cropping systems, Fiona Evans, Abul Hashem and Art Diggle, Department of Agriculture and Food 14. More glyphosate-resistant annual ryegrass populations within Western Australia, Dr Abul Hashem and Dr Catherine Borger, Department of Agriculture and Food 15. Western Australian farmers are sowing herbicide-resistant weed seed into their cropping paddocks! Mechelle Owen1, Pippa Michael2and Stephen Powles1, 1WA Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, 2Muresk Institute, Curtin University of Technology Integrated Weed Management 16. Inversion ploughing: Effects of long-term deep burial on weed seed reserves, Aik Cheam and Siew Lee, Department of Agriculture and Food 17. How long cam wild radish seeds survive in the soil? Aik Cheam and Siew Lee, Department of Agriculture and Food 18. An economic comparison of IWM tools, Rob Grima, Department of Agriculture and Food 19. Emerging weeds in changing farming systems, Dr Abul Hashem, Department of Agriculture and Food 20. Eight years of IWM smashes ryegrass seed banks by 98 per cent over 31 focus paddocks, Peter Newman, Glenn Adam and Trevor Bell, Department of Agriculture and Food 21. Mouldboard plough - the answer to all the problems with sandplain farming! Peter Newman and Steve Davies, Department of Agriculture and Food 22. Flaxleaf fleabane - coming to a property near you! Sally Peltzer, Department of Agriculture and Food, 23. Trimming weed seed heads and crop-topping reduce seed bank of wild radish, Glen Riethmuller and Abul Hashem, Department of Agriculture and Foo

Pan-Cancer Analysis of lncRNA Regulation Supports Their Targeting of Cancer Genes in Each Tumor Context

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly dys-regulated in tumors, but only a handful are known toplay pathophysiological roles in cancer. We inferredlncRNAs that dysregulate cancer pathways, onco-genes, and tumor suppressors (cancer genes) bymodeling their effects on the activity of transcriptionfactors, RNA-binding proteins, and microRNAs in5,185 TCGA tumors and 1,019 ENCODE assays.Our predictions included hundreds of candidateonco- and tumor-suppressor lncRNAs (cancerlncRNAs) whose somatic alterations account for thedysregulation of dozens of cancer genes and path-ways in each of 14 tumor contexts. To demonstrateproof of concept, we showed that perturbations tar-geting OIP5-AS1 (an inferred tumor suppressor) andTUG1 and WT1-AS (inferred onco-lncRNAs) dysre-gulated cancer genes and altered proliferation ofbreast and gynecologic cancer cells. Our analysis in-dicates that, although most lncRNAs are dysregu-lated in a tumor-specific manner, some, includingOIP5-AS1, TUG1, NEAT1, MEG3, and TSIX, synergis-tically dysregulate cancer pathways in multiple tumorcontexts

Genomic, Pathway Network, and Immunologic Features Distinguishing Squamous Carcinomas

This integrated, multiplatform PanCancer Atlas study co-mapped and identified distinguishing molecular features of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from five sites associated with smokin