Características individuais associadas à autopercepção da extensão territorial da vizinhança

É crescente o interesse em investigar os impactos da vizinhança na saúde. Para definir vizinhança, duas estratégias principais são encontradas: uma utiliza fronteiras artificiais criadas para finalidades administrativas, a outra considera a definição do indivíduo, vizinhança autopercebida. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os fatores associados à heterogeneidade da autopercepção da dimensão territorial da vizinhança entre os participantes de um inquérito de saúde em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para verificar tal a associação, foi utilizada regressão logística ordinal. Maiores percepções de vizinhança estiveram associadas a: melhor posição socioeconômica, trabalhar, avaliação positiva dos aspectos estéticos da vizinhança e da mobilidade no interior da vizinhança, maior identificação de problemas na vizinhança, menor envolvimento em atividades de esporte/lazer e conhecer maior número de pessoas na vizinhança. Os resultados deste estudo podem ajudar a delimitar vizinhanças mais próximas da percepção dos indivíduos, fornecendo estimativas mais precisas dos impactos da vizinhança na saúde

Overweight in men and women among urban area residents: individual factors and socioeconomic context

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate factors associated with overweight among adults living in urban areas, with the income of the census tract as a context variable. The survey assessed individuals from two health districts of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Excess weight was determined by body mass index > 25kg/m2. Multilevel logistic regression was used. The sample comprised 2,935 individuals aged 20 to 60 years. The prevalence of overweight was 52.3% (95%CI: 49.9-54.8), similar between men and women. Higher schooling proved to be protective against overweight in women and a risk for men. Living in census tracts with higher income was associated with excess weight only in males. Report of the consumption of diet soft drinks was positively associated with overweight in both sexes. The occurrence of this event seems to be influenced by different factors or to interrelate differently in men and women

Social context of neighborhood and socioeconomic status on leisure-time physical activity in a Brazilian urban center: The BH Health Study

Abstract This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of leisure-time physical activity and investigate its association with contextual characteristics of the social and physical environment in different socioeconomic statuses, using a household survey in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (2008-2009). Leisure-time physical activity was measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire; and the social and physical environment by scales arising from perception of neighborhood attributes. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed separately for each socioeconomic status stratum. The overall prevalence of leisure-time physical activity was 30.2%, being 20.2% amongst participants of low socioeconomic status, 25.4% in the medium and 40.6% in the high socioeconomic status group. A greater perception of social cohesion was associated with increased leisure-time physical activity only amongst participants of the lowest socioeconomic status even after adjusting for individual characteristics. The results demonstrate the importance of social cohesion for the promotion of leisure-time physical activity in economically disadvantaged groups, supporting the need to stimulate interventions for enhancing social relationships in this population

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Prevalência e fatores associados ao autorrelato de deficiência: uma comparação por sexo

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil/Faculdade de Ciências da Saude e Ecologia. Vespasiano, MG, Brazil.Faculdade de Ciências da Saude e Ecologia. Vespasiano, MG, Brazil/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto René Rachou. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de deficiência e sua associação com características sociodemográficas e de saúde, estratificadas por sexo. Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra probabilística de 4.048 residentes com idade ≥ 18 anos em dois distritos sanitários de Belo Horizonte (MG) durante o período 2008–2009. A variável resposta “deficiência” foi definida com base no autorrelato de problema nas funções ou nas estruturas do corpo. As variáveis explicativas foram sociodemográficas (“sexo”, “idade”, “cor de pele”, “estado civil”, “anos de estudos” e “renda familiar”) e de saúde (“morbidade referida”, “autoavaliação de saúde”, “qualidade de vida” e “satisfação com a vida”). Empregou-se a análise multivariada pela árvore de decisão, utilizando-se o algoritmo Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector. Resultados: A prevalência global de deficiência foi de 10,4%, maior no sexo feminino (11,9%; intervalo de confiança — IC95% 10,2–13,6) do que no masculino (8,7%; IC95% 6,8–10,5). Na análise multivariada, as variáveis que melhor discriminaram a deficiência foram “idade” e “morbidade” no sexo feminino, “baixa escolaridade” e “pior autoavaliação de saúde” no sexo masculino. O autorrelato de deficiência foi mais frequente entre mulheres em idade produtiva (40 a 59 anos) e de menor renda, e entre homens de menor escolaridade e renda. Com relação às condições de saúde, os maiores percentuais de deficiência foram observados, para ambos os sexos, entre aqueles que relataram três ou mais doenças e pior percepção de saúde. Conclusão: Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de atenção diferenciada, uma vez que mulheres em idade produtiva e homens com menor escolaridade são mais vulneráveis à ocorrência de deficiência.Objective: To estimate the prevalence of disability and its association with sociodemographic and health characteristics stratified by sex. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample including 4,048 residents aged ≥ 18 years in two health districts of Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil, during the period from 2008 to 2009. The outcome variable “disability” was established based on self-reported problems in body functions or structures. Sociodemographic characteristics (“sex,” “age,” “skin color,” “marital status,” “years of schooling,” and “family income”) and health (“reported morbidity,” “health self-assessment,” “quality of life,” and “life satisfaction”) were the explanatory variables. We applied the multivariate decision tree analysis by using the Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector algorithm. Results: The overall prevalence of disability corresponded to 10.4% and it was higher in females (11.9%; confidence interval - 95%CI 10.2 - 13.6) than in males (8.7%; 95%CI 6.8 - 10.5). In the multivariate analysis, “age” and “morbidity” in females, and “low educational level” and “poor health self-assessment” in males were the variables that best discriminated disability. Disability self-reporting was more frequent among women of working age (40 to 59 years-old) and with lower incomes, as well as in men with lower educational levels and incomes. With regard to health conditions, the highest disability percentages were seen among subjects of both genders that reported three or more diseases and worsened perception of health. Conclusion: Results reinforce the need for a distinct approach, since women of working age and men with lower educational level are more vulnerable to the occurrence of disability