Protein genetic studies among the Tupi‐Mondé Indians of the Brazilian Amazonia

Submitted by Fátima Lopes ([email protected]) on 2018-10-08T18:30:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ProteinGenetic.pdf: 126131 bytes, checksum: 0bb556057d78b8dadb3359ecb24cf1cd (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Fátima Lopes ([email protected]) on 2018-10-09T15:09:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ProteinGenetic.pdf: 126131 bytes, checksum: 0bb556057d78b8dadb3359ecb24cf1cd (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-09T15:09:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ProteinGenetic.pdf: 126131 bytes, checksum: 0bb556057d78b8dadb3359ecb24cf1cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Instituto de Biociências. Departamento de Genética. Porto Alegre, RS, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Instituto de Biociências. Departamento de Genética. Porto Alegre, RS, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Instituto de Biociências. Departamento de Genética. Porto Alegre, RS, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Instituto de Biociências. Departamento de Genética. Porto Alegre, RS, BrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Genética. São Paulo, SP, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Instituto de Biociências. Departamento de Genética. Porto Alegre, RS, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Departamento de Endemias Samuel Pessoa. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Departamento de Endemias Samuel Pessoa. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilA sample of 417 individuals belonging to three Tupi‐Mondé‐speaking tribes (Gavião, Surui, Zoró) were variously studied in relation to 26 genetic protein systems. Previous investigations performed among the Surui in relation to some of these systems were confirmed. The three groups do not depart markedly from the genetic pattern already established for South American Indians and show low inter‐ethnic admixture. When these results are combined with those from 10 other Tupi tribes, two clear geographic groupings (southeastern and northwestern) can be discerned. Using different methods to evaluate the same genetic distance matrices, different patterns of association between the Tupi‐Mondé populations were obtained. The populations are probably too similar among themselves, blurring finer relationships

<it>IL1B</it>, <it>IL4R</it>, <it>IL12RB1</it> and <it>TNF</it> gene polymorphisms are associated with <it>Plasmodium vivax</it> malaria in Brazil

Abstract Background Malaria is among the most prevalent parasitic diseases worldwide. In Brazil, malaria is concentrated in the northern region, where Plasmodium vivax accounts for 85% disease incidence. The role of genetic factors in host immune system conferring resistance/susceptibility against P. vivax infections is still poorly understood. Methods The present study investigates the influence of polymorphisms in 18 genes related to the immune system in patients with malaria caused by P. vivax. A total of 263 healthy individuals (control group) and 216 individuals infected by P. vivax (malaria group) were genotyped for 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL1B, IL2, IL4, IL4R, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL12A, IL12B, IL12RB1, SP110, TNF, TNFRSF1A, IFNG, IFNGR1, VDR, PTPN22 and P2X7 genes. All subjects were genotyped with 48 ancestry informative insertion-deletion polymorphisms to determine the proportion of African, European and Amerindian ancestry. Only 13 SNPs in 10 genes with differences lower than 20% between cases and controls in a Poisson Regression model with age as covariate were further investigated with a structured population association test. Results The IL1B gene -5839C > T and IL4R 1902A > G polymorphisms and IL12RB1 -1094A/-641C and TNF -1031 T/-863A/-857 T/-308 G/-238 G haplotypes were associated with malaria susceptibility after population structure correction (p = 0.04, p = 0.02, p = 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusion Plasmodium vivax malaria pathophysiology is still poorly understood. The present findings reinforce and increase our understanding about the role of the immune system in malaria susceptibility.</p

Induction and identification of polyploids in Cattleya intermedia Lindl. (Orchidaceae) by in vitro techniques

The effect of colchicine on the protocorm-like bodies of Cattleya intermedia L. (Orchidaceae) cultured in vitro was studied. Different concentrations of the drug (0.00, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.20%) as well as two times of culture (4 or 8 days) were tested to determine the best treatment for the induction of tetraploid plants. Of the 3 colchicine levels applied, 0.05 and 0.10% of drug treatments appeared to be effective on the production of mixoploids and tetraploids and could be further used in breeding programs. The suitability of stomatal area and stomata density as criteria for the distinction between diploids and tetraploids was also tested. The results suggested that tetraploid plants could be identified with a fair amount of certainty when the screening was based on the density of stomata