6 research outputs found
Building Voters: Exploring Interdependent Preferences in Binary Contexts
In this thesis we develop a new method for constructing binary preference orders for given interdependent structures, called characters. We introduce the preference space, which is a vector space of preference vectors. The preference vectors correspond to binary preference orders. We show that the hyperoctahedral group, Z2 o Sn, describes the symmetries of binary preferences orders and then define an action of Z2 o Sn on our preference vectors. We find a natural basis for a preference space. These basis vectors are indexed by subsets of proposals. We show that when completely separable binary preference vectors are decomposed using this basis, basis vectors indexed by nontrivial, even sized subsets do not appear in the decomposition. We then use these basis vectors as building blocks for preference construction. In particular, we construct preference orders whose Hasse diagram of separable sets have a tree structure
Standardized Reporting of Microscopic Renal Tumor Margins: Introduction of the Renal Tumor Capsule Invasion Scoring System
Purpose
Renal tumor enucleation allows for maximal parenchymal preservation. Identifying pseudocapsule integrity is critically important in nephron sparing surgery by enucleation. Tumor invasion into and through the capsule may have clinical implications, although it is not routinely commented on in standard pathological reporting. We describe a system to standardize the varying degrees of pseudocapsule invasion and identify predictors of invasion.
Materials and Methods
We performed a multicenter retrospective review between 2002 and 2014 at Indiana University Hospital and Loyola University Medical Center. A total of 327 tumors were evaluated following removal via radical nephrectomy, standard margin partial nephrectomy or enucleation partial nephrectomy. Pathologists scored tumors using our i-Cap (invasion of pseudocapsule) scoring system. Multivariate analysis was done to determine predictors of higher score tumors.
Results
Tumor characteristics were similar among surgical resection groups. Enucleated tumors tended to have thinner pseudocapsule rims but not higher i-Cap scores. Rates of complete capsular invasion, scored as i-Cap 3, were similar among the surgical techniques, comprising 22% of the overall cohort. Papillary histology along with increasing tumor grade was predictive of an i-Cap 3 score.
Conclusions
A capsule invasion scoring system is useful to classify renal cell carcinoma pseudocapsule integrity. i-Cap scores appear to be independent of surgical technique. Complete capsular invasion is most common in papillary and high grade tumors. Further work is warranted regarding the relevance of capsular invasion depth as it relates to the oncologic outcome for local recurrence and disease specific survival
Secondary neutral mass spectrometry using three-colour resonance ionization: osmium detection at the p.p.b. level and iron detection in silicon at the < 200 p.p.t. level
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/155725/1/Pellin_et_al_1990_Secondary_neutral.pd
Resonance ionization mass spectrometry of sputtered osmium and rhenium atoms
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/155703/1/Blum_et_al_1990_Resonance_ionization.pd