Phylogeny and evolution of infectious bursal disease virus circulating in Turkish broiler flocks

The emergence of new infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) variants can threaten poultry health and production all over the world causing significant economic losses. Therefore, this study was performed to determine IBDV molecular epidemilogy, VP2 gene variation, and corresponding pathological lesions in IBDV infected chickens in Turkey. For this, 1855 bursa of Fabricius samples were collected from 371 vaccinated broiler flocks. Atrophia and haemorrhages were seen in the bursa Fabricius of very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) infected chickens. Partial VP2 gene was sequenced and phylogenetic, recombination, and evolutionary analyses were performed. 1548 (83.5%) out of 1855 of bursa of Fabricius samples were IBDV positive and 1525 of those could be sequenced. The recombination analysis did not detect occurrence of any recombination event among the Turkish strains. Among 1525 sequenced samples, 1380 of them were found to be classical strains. Among 1380 classical strains, 1317 were similar to IBDV 2512, 11 to Faragher 52/70, 40 to 228 E, and 12 to Lukert strain. Out of 1525 reverse transcriptase ploymerase chain reaction positive samples, 144 of them were found to be similar to vvIBDV-VP2 gene reported to GenBank previously. The phylogenetic tree performed on a broad sequence dataset demonstrated grouping of vvIBDV Turkish strains in three different clusters, including sequences collected also from Iraq and Kuwait (Cluster 1), Indian (Cluster 2), and a distinct Turkish-only cluster (Cluster 3). The evolutionary rate estimation on branches/clades including Turkish strain mirrored the expected one for RNA viruses and no significant differences were found among different considered branches. In conclusion, results of this study indicate that vvIBDV strains similar to those circulating in various countries in the Middle East are present and undergoing evolution in chickens from Turkish broiler flocks. This point needs to be taken into account in planning adequate control strategies

Implant-Supported Extra-Orally Cemented Monolithic Zirconia Crowns: A Prospective Controlled Clinical Study up to 18 Months in Function

This study evaluated the clinical performance of implant supported, extra-orally cemented, monolithic zirconia crowns after a follow-up to 18 months. Thirty-one patients with 50 posterior dental implants were consecutively selected for this study. A total of 50 crowns were cemented onto titanium abutments extra-orally and then screwed to the implants with the required torque intra-orally. The patients were followed at 12 months and 18 months after placement of restorations. During the follow-up period, all restorations were evaluated according to following technical parameters: implant failure, crown fracture, screw loosening, loss of retention due to decementation, fracture of antagonist tooth or restoration. Data were analyzed using Kaplan Meier method. One implant and its corresponding crown was lost during the follow-up period, yielding a 18 months survival rate of 98%. During the study, 2 complication events were observed, including one screw loosening and one veneering porcelain chipping in an antagonist bilayered zirconia restoration. The overall success rate of the observed prosthesis was 96%. According to the results of this study, the extra-orally cemented, monolithic zirconia crowns resulted in a favorable short-term outcome for posterior implant supported restorations within this short observation time

Preserving T2 in Thoracic Sympathicotomy for Palmar Hyperhidrosis: Less Tissue Trauma, Same Effectiveness

WOS: 000294662500007PubMed ID: 21409744Background: The aim of this study was to compare two different sympathicotomy procedures for primary hyperhidrosis in terms of compensatory sweating, complications, safety and effectiveness. Methods: The data of 78 consecutive patients who underwent bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy (156 laterals) for palmar hyperhidrosis between January 2005 and September 2009 were studied retrospectively. The first 29 consecutive patients were treated with a T2-3 sympathicotomy (Group A). After November 2007, all patients (49 patients) were treated with a T3 sympathicotomy alone (Group B). The chest tubes were always removed after checking for pneumothorax with roentgenography. All patients were followed up and evaluated for results, side effects, complications, and satisfaction levels. The differences between the two groups were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the 47 (60.2%) female and 31 (39.8%) male patients was 25.2 years. Horner's syndrome and pneumothorax was not detected in either group. The mean follow-up time was 20.82 months (6-52 months). Effectiveness of the procedure at the time of discharge and at follow-up was 100% and 97.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference between groups with regard to any analyzed parameter. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that preserving the T2 ganglion is safe, and does not compromise the effectiveness of the procedure. Sympathicotomy has the same success rate as sympathectomy, but requires significantly less dissection and results in less tissue trauma

Giant benign fibrous tumor of the pleura in a pregnant woman: Report of a case

WOS: 000182151900006PubMed ID: 12658385While most pleural neoplasms are malignant and associated with asbestos exposure, benign tumors may also occur. Benign fibrous tumors of the pleura are rare and, unless diagnosed and resected early, they may reach an enormous size and cause severe symptoms. We report the case of a pregnant woman with a giant benign fibrous tumor localized in the pleura

The histological effect of harmonic scalpel and electrocautery in lung resections. An experimental study in a rat model

PubMed ID: 15041940Aim. In the last decade, ultrasonically activated scalpels (the Harmonic Scalpel, HS) have been developed and used for both open and endoscopic surgical procedures. The present study compares the deepness of lung tissue damage caused by HS and unipolar electrocautery (EC) in rats. Methods. Ten rats were used for the study. Morphological damage on lung parenchyma of the rats was measured with the ocular micrometer in light microscopy. Results. The mean depth of the tissue damage was 0.23±0.08 mm in the HS group, and 0.33±0.10 mm in the EC group. The difference was statistically significant between the 2 groups (p=0.028). Conclusion. HS induces significantly less tissue damage than EC in rat lungs

ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОГРАММНЫЕ СРЕДСТВА КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ РАЗВИТИЯ АДЕКВАТНОЙ САМООЦЕНКИ УЧАЩИХСЯ

WOS: 000373741100002PubMed ID: 27058704Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of selected cements, or their combination with titanium, on the growth of two periodontopathic bacteria: Prevotella intermedia (Pi) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). Material/Methods: This study was comprised of several experimental groups: 1) Dental luting cements (glass ionomer cement, methacrylate-based resin cement, zinc-oxide eugenol cement, eugenol-free zinc oxide cement; 2) titanium discs; and 3) titanium combination cement discs. The disks were submerged in bacterial suspensions of either Fn or Pi. Planktonic bacterial growth within the test media was measured by determining the optical density of the cultures (OD600). Mean and standard deviations were calculated for planktonic growth from three separate experiments. Results: Intergroup comparison of all experimental groups revealed increased growth of Pi associated with cement-titanium specimens in comparison with cement specimens. Regarding the comparison of all groups for Fn, there was an increased amount of bacterial growth in cement-titanium specimens although the increase was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The combination of cement with titanium may exacerbate the bacterial growth capacity of Pi and Fn in contrast to their sole effect

The histological effect of harmonic scalpel and electrocautery in lung resections - An experimental study in a rat model

WOS: 000221054300012PubMed ID: 15041940Aim In the last decade, ultrasonically activated scalpels (the Harmonic Scalpel, HS) have been developed and used for both open and endoscopic surgical procedures. The present study compares the deepness of lung tissue damage caused by HS and unipolar electrocautery (EC) in rats. Methods. Ten rats were used for the study. Morphological damage on lung parenchyma of the rats was measured with the ocular micrometer in light microscopy. Results. The mean depth of the tissue damage was 0.23+/-0.08 mm in the HS group, and 0.33+/-0.10 mm in the EC group. The difference was statistically significant between the 2 groups (p=0.028). Conclusion. HS induces significantly less tissue damage than EC in rat lungs