self-injury in sexually victimized female adolescents

Purpose: Child sexual abuse and sexual dating violence victimization are common problems that are known to have long-term negative consequences. This study aimed to compare the sociodemographic, abuse-related, and clinical features of female adolescents who were sexually abused by different perpetrators, and identify the factors associated with suicidality and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in these cases.Patients and methods: Data of 254 sexually abused female adolescents between the ages of 12-18 years were evaluated. The cases were classified into three groups, namely "sexual dating violence", "incest", and "other child sexual abuse", according to the identity of the perpetrator. The three groups were compared in terms of sociodemographic, abuse-related, and clinical features.Results: Major depressive disorder was the most common psychiatric diagnosis, which was present in 44.9% of the cases. Among all victims, 25.6% had attempted suicide, 52.0% had suicidal ideation, and 23.6% had NSSI during the postabuse period. A logistic regression analysis revealed that attempted suicide was predicted by dating violence victimization (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.053; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.473, 6.330) and depression (AOR = 2.238; 95% CI = 1.226, 4.086). Dating violence victimization was also the strongest predictor of subsequent suicidal ideation (AOR = 3.500; 95% CI = 1.817, 6.741). In addition, revictimization was determined to be an important risk factor for both suicidal ideation (AOR = 2.897; 95% CI = 1.276, 6.574) and NSSI (AOR = 3.847; 95% CI = 1.899, 7.794).Conclusion: Perpetrator identity and revictimization are associated with negative mental health outcomes in sexually victimized female adolescents. Increased risk of suicidality and NSSI should be borne in mind while assessing cases with dating violence and revictimization histories, in particular

Psychopathology in thalassemia major

Background:Thalassemia major (TM) is a chronic disease with adverse emotional effects on both the child and the family. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychiatric state and behavioral problems of children with TM.Methods:Twenty children diagnosed with TM and 34 healthy children were enrolled in this study carried out by the Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics. Mothers of the children of both the groups were handed a child behavior check-list for 4-18-year-old children and adolescents as well as a short questionnaire requesting demographic information.Results:The psychiatric diagnosis was significantly higher in the children with TM (55.0%) as compared to the control group (14.7%). The thalassemic children showed an anxiety disorder frequency of 30.0% and a depressive disorder frequency of 15.0%. T scores of the indicators of internalizing problems, externalizing problems, attention problems and social problems contained in the child behavior check-list were shown to be higher in children with TM than in the control group. The TM group demonstrated significantly higher problems in peer relationships and educational success in comparison with the controls.Conclusion:Children with TM are posed with an increased risk of psychopathology

Psychopathology in thalassemia major.

BACKGROUND: Thalassemia major (TM) is a chronic disease with adverse emotional effects on both the child and the family. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychiatric state and behavioral problems of children with TM. METHODS: Twenty children diagnosed with TM and 34 healthy children were enrolled in this study carried out by the Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics. Mothers of the children of both the groups were handed a child behavior check-list for 4-18-year-old children and adolescents as well as a short questionnaire requesting demographic information. RESULTS: The psychiatric diagnosis was significantly higher in the children with TM (55.0%) as compared to the control group (14.7%). The thalassemic children showed an anxiety disorder frequency of 30.0% and a depressive disorder frequency of 15.0%. T scores of the indicators of internalizing problems, externalizing problems, attention problems and social problems contained in the child behavior check-list were shown to be higher in children with TM than in the control group. The TM group demonstrated significantly higher problems in peer relationships and educational success in comparison with the controls. CONCLUSION: Children with TM are posed with an increased risk of psychopathology

Psychosocial aspects of mothers of children with strabismus

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the psychological profile of mothers of children with strabismus, their attitudes to their children, and their family functioning. Methods: This study was conducted at Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, from 2000 to 2002 and involved a series of 30 children with strabismus and 31 healthy controls. All mothers were asked to complete Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Parental Attitude Research Instrument (PARI), and Family Assessment Device (FAD). Results: Mothers of the children with strabismus had significantly higher depression scores (P = 0.042) compared with mothers of the control group. They demonstrated significantly lower scores in democratic attitude, meaning that they failed to constitute a supportive and friendship relation with their children, (P = 0.0001). These mothers had significantly higher scores in rejection of maternal role (P = 0.017) as compared with mothers of the control group. They were nervous, distressed, and angry in the relationship with their children, with unhappiness and more dissatisfaction with respect to maternal role. Mothers of the children with strabismus had poor role functioning in the family, which is related to satisfying the food, clothing, and support needs (P = 0.034). They also had poor affective responsiveness, which means the ability of family members to respond with appropriate emotion (P = 0.003), and poor general functioning (P = 0.040) as compared with mothers of the control group. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that, for mothers who have children with strabismus, strabismus had an adverse effect on their lives, and their family relationships

plasminogen activator in children with posttraumatic stress disorder

The current study aims to compare the serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), proBDNF and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) levels in cases that have developed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in consequence of sexual abuse with those in healthy control subjects. Thirty-one female patients between 8 and 18 years of age who have been diagnosed with PTSD due to sexual abuse and thirty-one healthy female volunteer controls were included in the study. Frequency, intensity and severity of PTSD symptoms were assessed on the basis of Clinician-Administered Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale for Children and Adolescents (CAPS-CA). Serum BDNF, proBDNF and tPA levels were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Results of the present study revealed that serum levels of BDNF and proBDNF in PTSD group were significantly lower but tPA level was significantly higher as compared to healthy control subjects. There were no correlations between CAPS-CA scores and BDNF, proBDNF and tPA levels. Decreased levels of BDNF, as suggested to have a role in the etiopathogenesis of PTSD, appear to be a result of the reduction in proBDNF production. The increased tPA levels in such cases, on the other hand, can be a compensatory mechanism serving to increase the BDNF levels

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Students and faculty diggind in front of new marquee. Undated Murray High Schoo

intelligence

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic features of the juvenile offenders and their families, the characteristics of the crime and the relationship between criminal behavior and intelligence in a group of teens that were referred to a university hospital for forensic evaluation regarding Turkish penal code article 31/2, by legal forces. Methods: This study was carried out by the retrospective assessment of medical records of children and adolescents that were referred to Pamukkale University Medical School Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department for forensic evaluation regarding Turkish penal code article 31/2 by legal authorities between the dates 01.07.2009 and 30.06.2013. Sociodemographic features of the cases and their families, WISC-R (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-revised) results, clinical assessment results and data regarding the legal process were derived from the legal file records of the cases. Results: Of the cases, 91.3% (n=116) were male while 8.7% (n=11) were female. A total of 127 children were convicted of 167 crimes in total and the most common committed crimes were offences against property while offences against physical integrity came in the second. Via clinical evaluation, it was determined that 65.4% of the cases (n=83) had normal intellectual capacity. Of the cases, 26.8% (n=34) had borderline intellectual functioning while 7.8% (n=10) had some type of mental retardation. Repeat offenders had statistically lower average verbal IQ scores compared to one-time offenders. Discussion: It is remarkable that delinquent children have frequently common problem areas such as limited intellectual capacity, socioeconomic difficulties and low educational backgrounds for both the cases and their families. It seems necessary to determine the requirements of children under risk and taking precautions and providing support in relation to this, to successfully decrease the rates of child delinquency

plasminogen activator in children with posttraumatic stress disorder

The current study aims to compare the serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), proBDNF and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) levels in cases that have developed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in consequence of sexual abuse with those in healthy control subjects. Thirty-one female patients between 8 and 18 years of age who have been diagnosed with PTSD due to sexual abuse and thirty-one healthy female volunteer controls were included in the study. Frequency, intensity and severity of PTSD symptoms were assessed on the basis of Clinician-Administered Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale for Children and Adolescents (CAPS-CA). Serum BDNF, proBDNF and tPA levels were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Results of the present study revealed that serum levels of BDNF and proBDNF in PTSD group were significantly lower but tPA level was significantly higher as compared to healthy control subjects. There were no correlations between CAPS-CA scores and BDNF, proBDNF and tPA levels. Decreased levels of BDNF, as suggested to have a role in the etiopathogenesis of PTSD, appear to be a result of the reduction in proBDNF production. The increased tPA levels in such cases, on the other hand, can be a compensatory mechanism serving to increase the BDNF levels