La réforme Côté ou l’ambivalence de l’État à l’égard du communautaire

Cet article se présente comme une critique de la « loi 120 » en ce qui regarde son impact sur l'identité du communautaire. L'auteur, dans une perspective autogestionnaire, note d'abord que le développement de dynamiques communautaires autonomes au sein de la société constitue un élément de réponse à la crise de l'État-providence. Ensuite, portant son regard sur la « loi 120 », il constate que cette réforme, dans un esprit marchand et une logique de services, tend plutôt à encadrer et à étatiser le communautaire. Pour terminer, il souligne que la loi comporte en revanche des contradictions et libère des espaces de pouvoir profitables au communautaire. C'est, croit-il, en investissant ces pouvoirs que le communautaire pourra assurer son expansion selon son propre paradigme identitaire et ainsi éviter l'aliénation dont le menace la loi même qui reconnaît formellement son utilité

L’identité communautaire. Une perspective théorique

Le présent article, théorique, aborde la question de la mise en forme de l'identité communautaire. Le constructivisme sert de cadre pour penser cette identité, laquelle se pose comme constitutivede l'acteur, du mouvement social. Ce paradigme valorise la structure symbolique de l'acteur et donc la dimension culturelle des mouvements sociaux. En outre, il autorise à penser l'identité au sein de l'altérité. Les pratiques d'articulation servent à synthétiser, dans un rapport hégémonique, des positions d'acteurs différents. De cette synthèse émerge un acteur plus global en même temps que le savoir autre qui le fonde symboliquement. Une praxis cognitive marque en fait le travail de cet acteur sur le social.This article, theoretical in nature, treats the question of the shaping of community identity. Constructivism serves as the framework in conceptualizing this identity which enters into the constitution of the actor, of social movement This paradigm focuses attention on the symbolic structure of the actor and therefore on the cultural dimension of social movements. Furthermore, it allows the placement of identity in the context of alterity. Articulatory practices serve to synthesize, in hegemonic relation, the positions of different actors. Out of this synthesis emerges a more global actor and alternative knowledge on which this actor is symbolicaly constructed. A cognitive praxis in fact marks the work of this actor in society

Saint-Camille : Récit d’une expérience de co-construction de la connaissance

Ce texte présente l’expérience du projet Ateliers des savoirs partagés mené en collaboration par une équipe du Centre de recherche sur les innovations sociales (CRISES) et le P'tit bonheur de Saint-Camille, auquel ont participé des leaders et des citoyens de la communauté. Cette expérience s’est déroulée entre septembre 2012 et octobre 2014 avec l'appui financier du ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et des Sports (MELS). L’expérience a cherché à dégager les principales composantes du modèle d'action mis en œuvre à Saint-Camille afin, d'une part, de le transmettre aux nouveaux résidents de cette communauté et, d'autre part, d'identifier les éléments susceptibles d'inspirer d'autres communautés qui éprouvent le besoin d'entamer des processus de revitalisation.This paper presents the experience of the Knowledge Sharing Workshops (“Ateliers des savoirs partagés”) carried out by a team formed by participants from the Center for Research on Social Innovations (Centre de recherche sur les innovations sociales, CRISES) and the P'tit bonheur of Saint-Camille. This experience was held on a partnership basis and was attended by academic researchers as well as leaders and citizens of the community. It took place between September 2012 and October 2014 and was financed by the Québec Ministry of Education, leisure and Sports. The experience aimed to identify the main components of the model of action implemented throughout the years by the community of Saint-Camille in order to transfer it to the new residents of the community and to draw out sources of inspiration for other communities that are triggering process of revitalization. Key words: Saint-Camille, Local development, Rural development, Space based development, Community, Distributed leadership, Governanc

Совершенствование ценообразования на предприятии

Выпускная квалификационная работа 105 с., 7 рис., 29 табл., 22 источника. Цель работы - экономическое обоснование оптимальной цены на продукцию. В процессе исследования проводились статистические исследования. В результате исследования была разработана оптимальная цена на продукцию. Основные технологические и управленческие характеристики: организационная структура является линейной, списочная численность предприятия - 150 человек.Final qualifying work 105 p., 7 Fig., 29 tab., 22 source. Purpose - the economic rationale for the optimal prices for the products. During the study, carried out statistical studies. The study developed the optimal price for the products. Basic technological and managerial characteristics: organizational structure is linear, the headcount of the enterprise - 150 people

Improving Appropriate Use of Antifungal Medications: The Role of an Over-the-Counter Vaginal pH Self-Test Device

Objectives: To determine whether patients can understand and use the vaginal pH device in the diagnosis of vaginitis. To compare whether vaginal pH readings determined by patients and healthcare providers are similar. To determine whether vaginalpHcan reduce inappropriate over-the-counter (OTC) antifungal medication use and improve the correct diagnosis of vaginitis. Methods: One hundred and fifty-one women indicated their belief about the cause of their vaginal infection, read the instructions of the vaginal pH device package insert, used the device and interpreted the findings. The patient interpretations were compared with results obtained by healthcare providers, blinded to patient findings. Results: Over 96% of patients stated that they could easily read the instructions, use the vaginal pH device and interpret the readings. They obtained the same readings as healthcare professionals (Kappa = 0.9). Restricting the use of OTC antifungal medications to those individuals with vaginitis symptoms and vaginal pH ≤ 4.5 significantly reduced inappropriate use by approximately 50%, Fisher's exact test,p-value = 0.018. Conversely, seeking healthcare provider assessment with vaginal pH > 4.5, leads to correct diagnosis of vaginitis. Conclusions: The vaginal pH device can be used as an OTC diagnostic tool by consumers when a vaginal infection is suspected. Vaginal pH readings would direct patients whether to purchase an antifungal medication or seek professional diagnosis from a healthcare provider. Understanding and use of this vaginal pH device could reduce inappropriate use of OTC antifungal medications by approximately 50% and improve the correct diagnosis of vaginitis

Defining an International Standard Set of Outcome Measures for Patients With Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis: Consensus of the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis Working Group

Objective: To define a minimum Standard Set of outcome measures and case-mix factors for monitoring, comparing, and improving health care for patients with clinically diagnosed hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA), with a focus on defining the outcomes that matter most to patients. Methods: An international working group of patients, arthroplasty register experts, orthopedic surgeons, primary care physicians, rheumatologists, and physiotherapists representing 10 countries was assembled to review existing literature and practices for assessing outcomes of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic OA therapies, including surgery. A series of 8 teleconferences, incorporating a modified Delphi process, were held to reach consensus. Results: The working group reached consensus on a concise set of outcome measures to evaluate patients’ joint pain, physical functioning, health-related quality of life, work status, mortality, reoperations, readmissions, and overall satisfaction with treatment result. To support analysis of these outcome measures, pertinent baseline characteristics and risk factor metrics were defined. Annual outcome measurement is recommended for all patients. Conclusion: We have defined a Standard Set of outcome measures for monitoring the care of people with clinically diagnosed hip or knee OA that is appropriate for use across all treatment and care settings. We believe this Standard Set provides meaningful, comparable, and easy to interpret measures ready to implement in clinics and/or registries globally. We view this set as an initial step that, when combined with cost data, will facilitate value-based health care improvements in the treatment of hip and knee OA

Pratiques de partenariat, pratiques d’articulation identitaire et mouvement communautaire

L’espace partenarial est-il celui du déclin du mouvement communautaire ou, au contraire, le lieu de son déploiement ? Les pratiques de partenariat constituent, selon l’auteur, de nouvelles pratiques sociales à occuper pour les organismes communautaires. Cependant, il est important de différencier ces pratiques de mise en relation de celles des organismes communautaires entre eux, qui tendent à construire le mouvement social. L’apport théorique de cet article est la conceptualisation des notions de pratiques d’articulation identitaire, d’un côté, et de pratiques partenariales, de l’autre, ainsi que la recherche des relations à établir entre ces deux types de pratiques pour penser le mouvement communautaire.Does partnership mean the decline of the “community movement” or, on the contrary, its spreading-out? Partnership represents new social practices for community organizations. But it is important to differentiate these practices from those between the community organizations themselves, practices directed towards construction of a social movement. Indeed the theoretical interest of this article is first the conceptualization of identity articulation practices and then that of partnership practices. Furthermore, the purpose is to explore relationships between these identity articulation practices and partnership practices within the perspective of the formation of the “community movement”