Analisis Faktor Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja di Eks Karesidenan Surakarta Tahun 2006 2013

This study analyzes the effect of the minimum wage, the gross regional domestic product and inflation on employment in Surakarta residency years 2006-2013. The analytical method used is the panel data regression. Panel data in this study is a combination of cross section data are seven districts / cities in karesiden Surakarta and times series for depalan years from 2006-2013. The results of this study indicate that the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) is the best model. Based on the regression results, together variable minimum wage, the gross regional domestic product and inflation mempengaruhipenyerapan labor in Surakarta residency years 2006-2013. Partially, variable minimum wage and inflation significant negative effect on employment, while gross domestic product regionally significant positive effect on employment

Development and characterization of eco-friendly non-isocyanate urethane monomer from Jatropha curcas oil for wood composite applications

The aim of this research work was to evaluate the potential of using renewable natural feedstock, i.e., Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) for the synthesis of non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) resin for wood composite applications. Commercial polyurethane (PU) is synthesized through a polycondensation reaction between isocyanate and polyol. However, utilizing toxic and unsustainable isocyanates for obtaining PU could contribute to negative impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, the development of PU from eco-friendly and sustainable resources without the isocyanate route is required. In this work, tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide was used as the activator to open the epoxy ring with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxisylane as a catalyst to yield urethane of JCO (UJCO). The UJCO were characterized by Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR) and their oxirane, and hydroxyl values were measured. The result showed that a decrease in oxirane value was found while the hydroxyl value was increased during the time, confirming that the urethane group was formed. The presence of functional groups in FTIR spectra at wave numbers 1732.08, 1562.34, and 3348.42 cm−1 indicates the functional groups of C = O (urethane carbonyl), –NH, and –OH, respectively confirmed this finding. The potential applications of NIPU in the wood composite were also outlined