The Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia

The Barnes Foundation presents an example of a Museum art collection that—with its move from its original Lower Merion location to Center City Philadelphia on the Benjamin Franklin Parkway—has finally achieved its (stated) goal of becoming a more accessible and open institution. However, the relocation of a museum to a more accessible location does not create instant open/public accessibility. This is an examination of the history of the Barnes Foundation, its inception, along with Philadelphia’s yearning form an additional upscale elite clientele. My goal is to evaluate the new Barnes vis-à-vis its original mission as it settles into its new facility. I examine various critical periods in the history of the Barnes including its function and mission before and immediately after the death of Dr. Albert Barnes, the fiscally embattled period following the death of Dr. Barnes successors, and the circumstances surrounding its move to its current Center City location where it has been recently relocated adjacent to another cultural jewel, the Rodin Museum. My argument is that the new Barnes Foundation museum is less about fulfilling or continuing the original mission or Dr. Barnes, and more about enhancing the cultural status of Philadelphia, despite arguments to the contrary. Recently, it has been well recognized that good museums are important and profitable tourist attractions and can enhance the reputation and desirability of a host city—and there is a growing body of literature on this subject. While literature on the topic of the museum as an urban enterprise continues to grow, there is little available on the subject of the relocation of a museum, or on a museums with collections as important as that of the Barnes. My goal is to analyze how the Barnes transitions into its new location and how (or if) it will continue to fulfill the original mission of the institution as it insinuates itself into Philadelphia’s local economy. I also iii argue that the true new mission of the Barnes is to help the City of Philadelphia in its quest to attract a more elite (or less blue collar) tourist with a higher level of disposable income

Finding a home among the red hills : women and homesteading in Western Oklahoma, 1900-1920.

Most Oklahoma land runs took place in the 1890s, but at the turn of the century, many available homesteads still existed in the red, rolling hills of the unpredictable, harsh environment of western Oklahoma. Many of the women who came to the western part of the state originated from families that had already moved West in multiple segments. Utilizing a memoir written by a woman who homesteaded Oklahoma Territory in 1900, this paper looks at the process of settling in, education, medical and public health, and church membership through the eyes of one individual and compares it to the larger changes taking place in Oklahoma. Women are silent in most histories, but their impact was felt across the landscape and can still be seen today through the lessons they taught their children and grandchildren. Lula Morrow and her husband James, left Texas in September 1900 to find a “honey pond and a fritter tree� and they left their imprint on society in the process. Morrow developed autonomy and shared an equal partnership with her husband as they raised their children and found financial success on the farm

James Wilson : progressive constitutionalist.

This essay is a biography and ideological interpretation of James Wilson. Wilson was an important member of the Revolutionary generation whom historians and political theorists too often overlook. Moving from the rise of historical interest in Wilson and reasons why Wilson deserves study, this essay tells the story of Wilson\u27s ideological development from the opposition Whig struggles of the 1760s until his law lectures in 1790 and 1791. Originally willing to accept Lockean ideas of contractualism in the British constitution he, like many Americans, rejected such contractualism during the Revolution in favor of an un-transferrable popular sovereignty that could only convey instrumental powers. The American constitutions were instruments of the People, not contracta. The purpose of this essay is to demonstrate that Wilson\u27s understanding of popular sovereignty, instrumentalism and, ultimately, the 1787 federal Constitution, was couched in a progressive vision of civil society. For Wilson, such concepts were not clever manipulations used to establish power and conservatism in government, but rather, appreciable discoveries drawn from the American experience

Exposure Histories of Yamato Shergottites.

第2回極域科学シンポジウム/第34回南極隕石シンポジウム 11月18日（金） 国立国語研究所 2階講

Precompaction irradiation effects: Particles from an early active sun?

Two recent studies have shown that solar flare irradiated grains from Murchison and Kapoeta have excess spallogenic Ne-21 compared to unirradiated grains, indicating large precompaction particle irradiation effects. The quantity of cosmogenic neon in these grains presents serious difficulties for either galactic cosmic ray or normal solar flare sources. In the first study it was suggested that the effect might be the result of exposure to an early active sun. The more recent experiment both confirms the earlier results and provides constraints on the characteristic energy spectrum on the irradiation. The first results were obtained from Murchison olivines and Kapoeta pyroxenes by mass spectrometric analysis of sets of grains selected on the basis of the presence or absence of solar flare particle tracks. In the second work plagioclase feldspar grains from Kapoeta were studied

Boundary conditions on the early Sun from ancient cosmogenic neon in meteorites

Isotopic analysis of neon from individual grains of the meteorites Murchison (CM) and Kapoeta (howardite) shows large enrichments of cosmogenic neon in grains with solar flare tracks. The quantity of this component is incompatible with galactic cosmic ray or solar cosmic ray irradiation under present conditions and is attributed to irradiation by energetic flares from an early active Sun. Handpicked grains from each meteorite were grouped according to the presence or absence of solar flare heavy ion tracks, and these four samples were analyzed with an ion counting noble gas mass spectrometer

Evidence in meteorites for an active early Sun

The amounts of neon-21 found in meteorite particles indicate that the Sun experienced a period of intense solar flare activity approximately 4.5 billion years ago

Book Reviews

Non peer reviewedPublisher PD

Estimation of stratospheric input to the Arctic troposphere: 7Be and 10Be in aerosols at Alert, Canada

Concentrations of 7Be and 210Pb in 2 years of weekly high-volume aerosol samples collected at Alert, Northwest Territories, Canada, showed pronounced seasonal variations. We observed a broad winter peak in 210Pb concentration and a spring peak in 7Be. These peaks were similar in magnitude and duration to previously reported results for a number of stations in the Arctic Basin. Beryllium 10 concentrations (determined only during the first year of this study) were well correlated with those of 7Be; the atom ratio 10Be/7Be was nearly constant at 2.2 throughout the year. This relatively high value of 10Be/7Be indicates that the stratosphere must constitute an important source of both Be isotopes in the Arctic troposphere throughout the year. A simple mixing model based on the small seasonal variations of 10Be/7Be indicates an approximately twofold increase of stratospheric influence in the free troposphere in late summer. The spring maxima in concentrations of both Be isotopes at the surface apparently reflect vertical mixing in rather than stratospheric injections into the troposphere. We have merged the results of the Be-based mixing model with weekly O3 soundings to assess Arctic stratospheric impact on the surface O3 budget at Alert. The resulting estimates indicate that stratospheric inputs can account for a maximum of 10-15% of the 03 at the surface in spring and for less during the rest of the year. These estimates are most uncertain during the winter. The combination of Be isotopic measurements and O3 vertical profiles could allow quantification of the contributions of O3 from the Arctic stratosphere and lower latitude regions to the O3 budget in the Arctic troposphere. Although at present the lack of a quantitative understanding of the temporal variation of O3 lifetime in the Arctic troposphere precludes making definitive calculations, qualitative examples of the power of this approach are given