Crystal structure and chemical bonding in the mixed anion compound BaSF

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Assessment of a new biological complex efficacy on dysseborrhea, inflammation, and Propionibacterium acnes proliferation

Sandra Trompezinski,1 Sophie Weber,1 Benoît Cadars,2 Florence Larue,1 Nathalie Ardiet,1 Marlène Chavagnac-Bonneville,2 Michèle Sayag,2 Eric Jourdan2 1NAOS, Aix-en Provence, 2Direction Scientifique Bioderma (NAOS), Lyon, France Introduction: Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit triggered by Propionibacterium acnes. A bakuchiol, Ginkgo biloba extract, and mannitol (BGM) complex has been developed to provide patients with acne with a specific dermocosmetic to be used adjunctively with conventional treatments. Objective: The aim of these studies was to assess the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative potential of BGM complex and its individual compounds as well as its impact on sebum composition. Methods: The antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative potential of BGM complex and its compounds was assessed through in vitro, ex vivo, and clinical studies. The clinical benefit of BGM complex formulated in a cream was assessed in subjects prone to acne through sebum composition analysis and photometric assessments. Results: Results from the studies showed that the BGM complex has significant antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative properties. At similar concentrations, bakuchiol has up to twice the antioxidative potential than vitamin E. In subjects, BGM complex regulated the sebum composition in acne patients by increasing the level of sapienic and linolenic acid and reducing the level of oleic acid. The reduced number of porphyrins on the skin surface showed that it is also effective against P. acnes. Conclusion: BGM complex provides a complete adjunctive care in patients with acne by targeting etiopathogenic factors of acne: dysseborrhea, inflammation, and P. acnes proliferation. Keywords: acne, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, cosmetics, sebu

P-31 MAS refocused INADEQUATE spin-echo (REINE) NMR spectroscopy : revealing J coupling and chemical shift two-dimensional correlations in disordered solids

Two-dimensional (2D) variations in (2)J(P1,P1), (2)J(P1,P2), and (2)J(P2,P2) are obtained-using the REINE (REfocused INADEQUATE spin-Echo) pulse sequence presented by Cadars et al. (Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2007, 9, 92-103)-from pixel-by-pixel fittings of the spin-echo modulation for the 2D correlation peaks due to linked phosphate tetrahedra (P-1-P-1, P-1-P-2, P-2-P-1, and P-2-P-2) in a P-31 refocused INADEQUATE solid-state MAS NMR spectrum of a cadmium phosphate glass, 0.575CdO-0.425P(2)O(5). In particular, separate variations for each 2D P-31 REINE peak are obtained which reveal correlations between the J couplings and the P-31 chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei that are much clearer than those evident in previously presented 2D z-filtered P-31 spin-echo spectra. Notably, such correlations between the J couplings and the P-31 chemical shifts are observed even though the conditional probability distributions extracted using the protocol of Cadars et al. (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4466-4476) indicate that theme is no marked correlation between the P-31 chemical shifts of neighboring phosphate tetrahedra. For 2D peaks at the P-2 P-31 chemical shift in the direct dimension, there can be contributions from chains of three units (P-1-P-2-P-1), chains of four units (P-1-P-2-P-2-P-1), or longer chains or rings (-P-2-P-2-P-2-): for the representative glass considered here, best fits are obtained assuming a glass comprised predominantly of chains of four units. The following variations are found: (2)J(P1,P1) = 13.4 +/- 0.3 to 14.8 +/- 0.5 Hz, (2)J(P1,P2) = 15.0 +/- 0.3 to 18.2 +/- 0.3 Hz, and (2)J(P2,P2) = 5.9 +/- 0.6 to 9.1 +/- 0.9 Hz from the fits to the P-1-P-1, P-1-P-2, and P-2-P-2 peaks, respectively. The correlation of a particular J coupling with the P-31 chemical shifts of the considered nucleus and the coupled nucleus is quantified by the coefficients C-F2 and C-F1 that correspond to the average pixel-by-pixel change in the J coupling with respect to the chemical shift of the observed (F-2) and neighboring (F-1) P-31 nuclei, respectively