Challenges in Bridging Social Semantics and Formal Semantics on the Web

This paper describes several results of Wimmics, a research lab which names stands for: web-instrumented man-machine interactions, communities, and semantics. The approaches introduced here rely on graph-oriented knowledge representation, reasoning and operationalization to model and support actors, actions and interactions in web-based epistemic communities. The re-search results are applied to support and foster interactions in online communities and manage their resources

Detecting deceptive reviews using argumentation

The unstoppable rise of social networks and the web is facing a serious challenge: identifying the truthfulness of online opinions and reviews. In this paper we use Argumentation Frameworks (AFs) extracted from reviews and explore whether the use of these AFs can improve the performance of machine learning techniques in detecting deceptive behaviour, resulting from users lying in order to mislead readers. The AFs represent how arguments from reviews relate to arguments from other reviews as well as to arguments about the goodness of the items being reviewed

Argument mining: A machine learning perspective

Argument mining has recently become a hot topic, attracting the interests of several and diverse research communities, ranging from artificial intelligence, to computational linguistics, natural language processing, social and philosophical sciences. In this paper, we attempt to describe the problems and challenges of argument mining from a machine learning angle. In particular, we advocate that machine learning techniques so far have been under-exploited, and that a more proper standardization of the problem, also with regards to the underlying argument model, could provide a crucial element to develop better systems

A NEW MUTATION (ARG 251TRP) IN THE CA2+ BINDING SITE OF FACTOR XPROTEASE DOMAIN APPEARS BE THE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DEFECT IN THE EXTRINSIC PATHWAY ACTIVATION OF FACTORX PADUA.

Factor X Padua, first described a few years ago, is characterized by a defect only in the extrinsic system. In this present paper, the molecular basis for this peculiar defect is investigated. Polymerase chain reaction amplification and direct sequencing of the entire FX coding sequence and of exon-intron junctions detected in the proposita a C-to-T translocation in exon 8 of nucleotide 875 at the homozygous level. This resulted in the substitution of tryptophan for arginine 251. A niece of the proposita was shown to be heterozygous for the abnormality. Molecular modeling suggested that the mutation does not alter significantly folding and stability of the protein but may be involved in the Ca2+ binding site

Monitorage de la mécanique respiratoire chez le patient ventilé : comment procéder au lit du malade [Monitoring respiratory mechanics in ventilated patients: a bedside approach]

In clinical practice, the term respiratory mechanics usually refers to the concept of compliance and resistance of the respiratory system. In ventilated patients, measurements of compliance and resistance can be performed at the bedside using the ventilator (end- inspiratory and end-expiratory occlusions). Those measurements allow caregivers to monitor pulmonary disorders and evaluate treatment effectiveness. In case of sudden change in compliance or resistance, the variation of flow and pressure curves displayed on the ventilator screen helps to narrow down the differential diagnosis. This article defines what are compliance and resistance and how to calculate and use them at the bedside

Towards lifelong object learning by integrating situated robot perception and Semantic Web mining

Autonomous robots that are to assist humans in their daily lives are required, among other things, to recognize and understand the meaning of task-related objects. However, given an open-ended set of tasks, the set of everyday objects that robots will encounter during their lifetime is not foreseeable. That is, robots have to learn and extend their knowledge about previously unknown objects on-the-job. Our approach automatically acquires parts of this knowledge (e.g., the class of an object and its typical location) in form of ranked hypotheses from the Semantic Web using contextual information extracted from observations and experiences made by robots. Thus, by integrating situated robot perception and Semantic Web mining, robots can continuously extend their object knowledge beyond perceptual models which allows them to reason about task-related objects, e.g., when searching for them, robots can infer the most likely object locations. An evaluation of the integrated system on long-term data from real office observations, demonstrates that generated hypotheses can effectively constrain the meaning of objects. Hence, we believe that the proposed system can be an essential component in a lifelong learning framework which acquires knowledge about objects from real world observations

Thrombosis-free surgical procedures in severe (Homozygote) factor XII deficiency: report of four additional cases and literature review

The outcome of various surgical procedures carried out in patients with severe (homozygote) factor XII deficiency were investigated for the appearance of blood coagulation-related complications with particular emphasis on thrombotic complications. The surgical procedures were total mastectomy, tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy, placement of a hip prosthesis, and double hernia repair. None of the patients slowed any complication. Several other reported cases of surgical procedures carried out in several patients ware found in the literature. Bleeding or thrombotic complications were noted in none of these cases. The surgical procedures in some cases were minor such as adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, or nasal polyp removal. However several major surgical procedures were carried out in some patients (cholecystectomy, gastrectomy, repair of atrial septal defect, coronary bypass). All patients remained asymptomatic. In some cases whole blood and/or plasma were used as requested by the caring surgeons. In a few patients, the plasma was given prophylactically because of the long partial thromboplastin time. Finally, three patients (two for cardiac surgery and one after hip replacement) received heparin prophylaxis as foreseen by accepted procedures without the undue sequels. These data supply further evidence that factor XII deficiency does not only show any bleeding tendency but also can withstand even major surgical procedures without thrombotic complications

A distributional study of negated adjectives and antonyms

In this paper, we investigate the relation between negated adjectives and antonyms in English using Distributional Semantics methods. Results show that, on the basis of contexts of use, a negated adjective (e.g., not cold) is typically more similar to the adjective itself (cold) than to its antonym (hot); such effect is less strong for antonyms derived by affixation (e.g., happy - unhappy)