Efeito da época de semeadura sobre a qualidade da semente de soja no Estado de Mato Grosso.

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Hibridização interespecífica do gênero Phaseolus visando à resistência a seca.

Estudos realizados sobre hibridacao interespecifica em feijao visando sua resistencia a seca, no Nordeste do Brasil.Trabalho apresentado no Curso de Pos-Graduacao em Genetica e Melhoramento de Plantas, da ESALQ

On the thermal footsteps of Neutralino relic gases

Current literature suggests that neutralinos are the dominant cold dark matter particle species. Assuming the microcanonical definition of entropy, we examine the local entropy per particle produced between the ``freeze out'' era to the present. An ``entropy consistency'' criterion emerges by comparing this entropy with the entropy per particle of actual galactic structures given in terms of dynamical halo variables. We apply this criterion to the cases when neutralinos are mosly b-inos and mostly higgsinos, in conjunction with the usual ``abundance'' criterion requiring that present neutralino relic density complies with 0.1 < \Omega_{\chic{\tilde\chi^0_1}} < 0.3 for $h\simeq 0.65$. The joint application of both criteria reveals that a better fitting occurs for the b-ino channels, hence the latter seem to be favoured over the higgsino channels. The suggested methodology can be applied to test other annihilation channels of the neutralino, as well as other particle candidates of thermal gases relics.Comment: LaTex AIP style, 8 pages including 1 figure. Final version to appear in Proceedings of the Mexican School of Astrophysics (EMA), Guanajuato, M\'exico, July 31 - August 7, 200

Avaliação da porosidade e densidade de um latossolo argiloso situado no Triangulo Mineiro.

A Qualidade do Solo pode ser conceituada como a capacidade que um determinado tipo de solo apresenta, em ecossistemas naturais ou agrícolas, para desempenhar uma ou mais funções relacionadas à sustentabilidade. Nessa perspectiva é fundamental o monitoramento da qualidade física deste solo. Uma alternativa para o monitoramento das alterações nos atributos físicos do solo decorrentes da ação antrópica podem ser feitos através de estudos utilizando solos cultivados e sob mata nativa, desde que mantidos os critérios genéticos e topográficos relacionados com a formação dos solos. Com isso o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a porosidade e densidade de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico de textura argilosa submetido à ação antrópica com um ambiente natural. O experimento foi realizado no município de Uberlândia entre as latitudes 19º12?46,71??S e 19º12?52,73??S e longitudes 48º08?14,62??O e 48º08?20,16??O. O clima é do tipo Cwa de acordo Köppen. O solo é classificado como Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico. O Cerrado natural apresentou parâmetros de densidade e porosidade próximos ?dos ideais? para este tipo de solo, podendo então ser utilizado como parâmetro comparação destes Latossolos, submetidos a ação antrópica. A pastagem degrada, apresenta piores resultados de densidade e porosidade, evidenciando a necessidade de se olhar a pastagem como se fosse uma cultura como soja, milho por exemplo. A cana de açúcar devido a tecnologia na qual é submetida apresenta maiores valores de densidade e microporosidade nos primeiros centímetros do solo, devido ao grande trafego de máquinas que ocorre desde a implantação até a colheita

Are sEMG, Velocity and Power Influenced by Athletes’ Fixation in Paralympic Powerlifting?

The bench press is performed in parapowerlifting with the back, shoulders, buttocks, legs and heels extended over the bench, and the use of straps to secure the athlete to the bench is optional. Thus, the study evaluated muscle activation, surface electromyography (sEMG), maximum velocity (MaxV) and mean propulsive velocity (MPV), and power in paralympic powerlifting athletes under conditions tied or untied to the bench. Fifteen experienced Paralympic powerlifting male athletes (22.27 ± 10.30 years, 78.5 ± 21.6 kg) took part in the research. The sEMG measurement was performed in the sternal portion of the pectoralis major (PMES), anterior deltoid (AD), long head of the triceps brachii (TRI) and clavicular portion of the pectoralis major (PMCL). The MaxV, MPV and power were evaluated using an encoder. Loads of 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% 1RM were analyzed under untied and tied conditions. No differences were found in muscle activation between the tied and untied conditions; however, sEMG showed differences in the untied condition between AD and TRI (F (3112) = 4.484; p = 0.005) in the 100% 1RM load, between PMCL and AD (F (3112) = 3.743; p = 0.013) in 60% 1RM load and in the tied condition, between the PMES and the AD (F (3112) = 4.067; p = 0.009). There were differences in MaxV (F (3112) = 213.3; p &lt; 0.001), and MPV (F (3112) = 248.2; p &lt; 0.001), between all loads in the tied and untied condition. In power, the load of 100% 1RM differed from all other relative loads (F (3112) = 36.54; p &lt; 0.001) in both conditions. The tied condition seems to favor muscle activation, sEMG, and velocity over the untied condition

Challenges in a Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) coffee crop experiment to prospect strategies for mitigation and adaptation to climate change.

Huge research efforts have been undertaken to understand how plants and ecosystems, natural or agroecosystems, will respond to increasing CO2 in the atmosphere. In this context, several FACE field experiments were implemented and are underway, with the mission of subsidizing responses to diverse crops, forests, pastures and desert areas. FACE experiments allows the exposure of the plants to high concentrations of CO2 (eCO2) in natural environments, providing ideal conditions for the study impact of CO2 increase. The scientific information obtained through the implementation of the project and the aggregation of partners from other research institutions, can supply with information several policies on climate change

Can additive beta-diversity be reliably partitioned into nestedness and turnover components?

Aims: Quantifying β‐diversity (differences in the composition of communities) is central to many ecological studies. There are many β‐diversity metrics, falling mostly into two approaches: variance‐based (e.g., the Sørensen index), or diversity partitioning (e.g., additive β‐diversity). The former cannot be used when species–sites matrices are unavailable (which is often the case in island biogeography in particular) and only species richness data are provided. Recently, efforts have been made to partition additive β‐diversity, a metric calculated using only α‐diversity and γ‐diversity, into nestedness and turnover components (termed here “richness‐only β‐diversity partitioning”). We set out to test whether this form of β‐diversity partitioning generates interpretable results, comparable with metrics based on species incidence β‐diversity partitioning. Location: Global. Time period: Present day. Major taxa studied: Multiple taxa. Methods: We first provide a brief review of β‐diversity partitioning methods, with a particular focus on the development of richness‐only β‐diversity partitioning. Second, we use 254 empirical incidence matrices (provided with the paper) sourced from the literature to measure turnover and nestedness using incidence β‐diversity partitioning, comparing the resulting values with those calculated using richness‐only β‐diversity. Results: We provide an account of the emergence of β‐diversity partitioning, with particular reference to the analysis of richness‐only datasets, and to the definition and usage of the relevant metrics. Analytically, we report weak correlations between turnover and nestedness calculated using the two different approaches. We show that this is because identical values of α‐diversity and γ‐diversity can correspond to incidence matrices with a range of different structures. Main conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the use of richness‐only β‐diversity partitioning to measure turnover and nestedness is problematic and can produce patterns unrelated to conventional measures of turnover and nestedness. We therefore recommend that more accurate definitions are adopted for these terms in future studies.</br

Sublithospheric diamond ages and the supercontinent cycle.

Subduction related to the ancient supercontinent cycle is poorly constrained by mantle samples. Sublithospheric diamond crystallization records the release of melts from subducting oceanic lithosphere at 300-700 km depths1,2 and is especially suited to tracking the timing and effects of deep mantle processes on supercontinents. Here we show that four isotope systems (Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, U-Pb and Re-Os) applied to Fe-sulfide and CaSiO3 inclusions within 13 sublithospheric diamonds from Juína (Brazil) and Kankan (Guinea) give broadly overlapping crystallization ages from around 450 to 650 million years ago. The intracratonic location of the diamond deposits on Gondwana and the ages, initial isotopic ratios, and trace element content of the inclusions indicate formation from a peri-Gondwanan subduction system. Preservation of these Neoproterozoic-Palaeozoic sublithospheric diamonds beneath Gondwana until its Cretaceous breakup, coupled with majorite geobarometry3,4, suggests that they accreted to and were retained in the lithospheric keel for more than 300 Myr during supercontinent migration. We propose that this process of lithosphere growth-with diamonds attached to the supercontinent keel by the diapiric uprise of depleted buoyant material and pieces of slab crust-could have enhanced supercontinent stability