Historietas usadas en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje: el pensamiento de los niños de primaria con relación a la hanseniasis (lepra)

In this paper, we discuss the use of comics in science teaching, focusing on leprosy, a disease that is surrounded by a lot of prejudice and is still a serious public health problem in Brazil. With the aim of increasing the knowledge and diminishing the prejudice related to the disease, we employed a comic strip that was created in our research laboratory. This comic was used in three schools in the 5th and 6th grades. First, the students read it; then, a semi-structured interview was carried on, in order to evaluate this learning resource. Taking into account the students interactions with themselves and with this educational resource, the answers were analyzed through the methodology of the Discourse of the Collective Subject. Based on the results, we suggest the utilization of comics to the process of raising the public understanding of leprosy, and as an effective tool to facilitate the teaching-learning process.En este trabajo se discute el uso de las historietas en la enseñanza de las ciencias, teniendo como foco la hanseniasis (lepra), una enfermedad estigmatizada que aún es un problema serio de salud pública en el Brasil. Con el objetivo de ampliar conocimientos y disminuir preconceptos relacionados a la enfermedad, una historieta fue desarrollada en nuestro laboratorio. La misma fue aplicada en tres escuelas en grupos de 5a y 6a series. Primero los estudiantes leyeron la historieta, después, participaron de una entrevista semiestructurada para evaluar la efectividad del recurso lúdico. Considerando aspectos de interacción entre el material y los alumnos, las respuestas fueron procesadas a través de la metodología conocida como Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Con base en los resultados se sugiere la utilización de las historietas para la toma de conciencia sobre la hanseniasis y como facilitadoras del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje

COMO UMA CARTILHA PARA FALAR EM HANSENÍASE TRANSFORMOU-SE EM HISTÓRIA EM QUADRINHOS

O desenvolvimento da história em quadrinhos intitulada “Uma viagem fantástica com Micobac” teve como motivação o forte estigma que envolve a hanseníase, o fato de o público leigo não conhecer os conceitos referentes a natureza infecciosa da doença e a situação epidemiológica atual do Brasil. Esse trabalho foi conduzido também porque jogos, livros e histórias em quadrinhos são estratégias educativas conhecidas que desencadeiam o interesse em temas científicos que normalmente apresentam conceitos abstratos. A aplicação do produto em escolas e oficinas obteve resultados alentadores já que foi observada uma forte assimilação dos conceitos contidos na HQ. Assim, é possível dizer que o material estabeleceu um ambiente favorável à geração de conhecimento.Para ler a História em Quadrinhos A viagem fantástica com MICOBAC clique aqui

Uma história em quadrinhos para o ensino e divulgação da hanseníase

Submitted by Isabela Cabral Félix de Sousa ([email protected]) on 2014-11-19T11:31:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ART13_VOL9_N1 Cabello, Rocque & Sousa.pdf: 152506 bytes, checksum: 658b2bffd83b1cf8a8f3ff7f5545a3ad (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Mario Mesquita ([email protected]) on 2014-11-24T14:21:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ART13_VOL9_N1 Cabello, Rocque & Sousa.pdf: 152506 bytes, checksum: 658b2bffd83b1cf8a8f3ff7f5545a3ad (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-24T14:21:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ART13_VOL9_N1 Cabello, Rocque & Sousa.pdf: 152506 bytes, checksum: 658b2bffd83b1cf8a8f3ff7f5545a3ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Celular. Setor de Inovações Educacionais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Celular. Setor de Inovações Educacionais. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio. Laboratório de Iniciação Científica na Educação Básica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Atualmente, a hanseníase se constitui em um problema de saúde pública no Brasil. Medos e estigmas sobre esta doença prevalecem nas pessoas, fazendo com que o preconceito continue e o diagnóstico seja mais difícil. Este trabalho, através de uma história em quadrinhos inédita em hanseníase, objetiva divulgar conceitos acerca da doença para pré-adolescentes de 5ª e 6ª séries do ensino fundamental, tentando elucidar os aspectos obscuros para contribuir nas futuras campanhas de conscientização da população. Nós apresentamos aqui uma história em quadrinhos (HQ) como instrumento de educação e divulgação científica para hanseníase, e de complementação às aulas de educação formal em ciências. A fim de saber o grau de conhecimento dos alunos a cerca da doença, foram primeiramente aplicados questionários, com perguntas estruturadas, com alunos de duas escolas do Rio de Janeiro. Após a apresentação da história em si, foi feita uma entrevista semi-estruturada, para medir a efetividade da ferramenta no sentido de levar os alunos a conhecimentos desejados. As respostas dos alunos são descritas e discutidas, mostrando que uma história em quadrinhos pode ser bem utilizada como material educacional para questões de saúde. São finalmente descritas semelhanças e diferenças entre duas escolas do Rio de Janeiro, com contextos sociais diversos no que diz respeito à prevalência da doença, indicando que, em ambos os contextos sociais, é premente a educação sobre este problema de saúde.Nowadays, hanseniasis is still a public health problem in Brazil. Fears and stigmas about this disease prevail among people, leading both to the continuation of its prejudice and to the greater difficulty in its diagnosis. This paper, through a new comics’ history, aims to disseminate real concepts related to this disease to preadolescents of the 5th and 6th grades of elementary school, seeking to elucidate the obscure aspects so as to contribute to future campaigns of leprosy communication. Here we present a new comics as an educational and science dissemination material about hanseniasis that can add to formal education science classes. In order to establish the level of students’ knowledge regarding the disease, structured questionnaires were applied to students from two schools from Rio de Janeiro. After the comics reading, a semi-structured interview was carried out to measure the efficacy of this tool has in promoting the intended knowledge. Students’ answers are described and discussed showing that a comic history can be an educational tool dealing with health issues. Finally, it was described similarities and differences of two schools of Rio de Janeiro, with diverse social contexts in regard to the prevalence of the disease, indicating that in both social settings it is pressing education interventions regarding this health problem

Comics as strategies in the teaching-learning process in relation to leprosy: ideas from elementary school children

Submitted by Isabela Cabral Félix de Sousa ([email protected]) on 2014-11-19T11:38:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 108-289-1-PB historietas.pdf: 1797339 bytes, checksum: d4c83a373abce90cec3e2a637791600f (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Mario Mesquita ([email protected]) on 2014-11-24T14:47:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 108-289-1-PB historietas.pdf: 1797339 bytes, checksum: d4c83a373abce90cec3e2a637791600f (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-24T14:47:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 108-289-1-PB historietas.pdf: 1797339 bytes, checksum: d4c83a373abce90cec3e2a637791600f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Politécnica de Saúde Joaquim Venâncio. Laboratório de Iniciação Científica na Educação Básica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Hanseníase. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.En este trabajo se discute el uso de las historietas en la enseñanza de las ciencias, teniendo como foco la hanseniasis (lepra), una enfermedad estigmatizada que aún es un problema serio de salud pública en el Brasil. Con el objetivo de ampliar conocimientos y disminuir preconceptos relacionados a la enfermedad, una historieta fue desarrollada en nuestro laboratorio. La misma fue aplicada en tres escuelas en grupos de 5ª y 6ª series. Primero los estudiantes leyeron la historieta, después, participaron de una entrevista semiestructurada para evaluar la efectividad del recurso lúdico. Considerando aspectos de interacción entre el material y los alumnos, las respuestas fueron procesadas a través de la metodología conocida como Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Con base en los resultados se sugiere la utilización de las historietas para la toma de conciencia sobre la hanseniasis y como facilitadoras del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje.In this paper, we discuss the use of comics in science teaching, focusing on leprosy, a disease that is surrounded by a lot of prejudice and is still a serious public health problem in Brazil. With the aim of increasing the knowledge and diminishing the prejudice related to the disease, we employed a comic strip that was created in our th th research laboratory. This comic was used in three schools in the 5 and 6 grades. First, the students read it; then, a semi-structured interview was carried on, in order to evaluate this learning resource. Taking into account the students interactions with themselves and with this educational resource, the answers were analyzed through the methodology of the Discourse of the Collective Subject. Based on the results, we suggest the utilization of comics to the process of raising the public understanding of leprosy, and as an effective tool to facilitate the teaching-learning process

Schistosoma Mansoni infection and related knowledge among schoolchildren in an endemic area of Minas Gerais, Brazil, prior to educational actions

This study was supported by Papes VI - Fiocruz/CBPq (grant 407616/2012-8) and CAPESOswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Environmental and Health Education. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Environmental and Health Education. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. René Rachou Research Centre. Research Group on Helminthology and Medical Malacology. Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Environmental and Health Education. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Geoprocessamento. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Environmental and Health Education. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. René Rachou Research Centre. Group of Transdisciplinary Studies in Education on Health and Environment. Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Laboratory of Environmental and Health Education. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.As a signatory to World Health Assembly Resolution WHA65.21 on eliminating schistosomiasis, the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH) recommends early identification and timely treatment of the infection carriers for morbidity control, plus complementary preventive measures, such as health education, for transmission control. This study reports infection and awareness of schistosomiasis among schoolchildren before the implementation of school-based educational actions in an endemic municipality with persisting moderate prevalence levels despite successive control campaigns since the late 1990s. A questionnaire was applied in April 2013 to schoolchildren in the middle years of schooling (6th to 8th year) of Malacacheta municipality to assess baseline knowledge and risk behaviour related to schistosomiasis. A stool survey was conducted in May/June 2013 in 2519 schoolchildren from all years of fundamental education (first to 9th year) to identify the infection carriers, as well as to assess baseline prevalence and intensity of infection using the Kato-Katz method (one sample, two slides). The infected schoolchildren were treated promptly with single-dose praziquantel 60 mg/kg and followed up after 45 days for treatment efficacy. Relevant outcomes from baseline stool survey, treatment and follow-up were statistically evaluated in relation to area of residence (rural/urban), gender, age group (<11/≥years) and infection. Adherence to baseline survey was 81.2%, and prevalence of infection was 21.4%. Of the 539 positives, 60 (11.1%) had ≥400 eggs per gram of faeces (heavy-intensity infection). Prevalence of infection was significantly higher among rural residents and ≥11 year olds, whereas intensity of infection was higher among rural residents, ≥11 year olds and boys. Adherence by the positives to treatment was 93.3% and adherence by the treated children to 45-day follow-up was 72.2%. At 45 days after treatment, 97.0% of the 363 children surveyed were egg-negative; the egg reduction rate was 99.4%. Of the 924 children who responded to the questionnaire, 95.5% showed awareness of schistosomiasis, although 76.2% reported contact with natural, unsafe bodies of water. Reported contact with water was significantly more frequent among infected than non-infected, and boys than girls. The results show persisting infection and risk behaviour among schoolchildren, regardless of their basic knowledge about schistosomiasis. These are grounds for implementing specific educational actions to improve awareness and behavioural change, jointly with other control measures, to attain the MoH goals