The 2011 October Draconids Outburst. II. Meteoroid Chemical Abundances from Fireball Spectroscopy

On October 8, 2011 the Earth crossed dust trails ejected from comet 21P/Giacobini-Zinner in the late 19th and early 20th Century. This gave rise to an outburst in the activity of the October Draconid meteor shower, and an international team was organized to analyze this event. The SPanish Meteor Network (SPMN) joined this initiative and recorded the October Draconids by means of low light level CCD cameras. In addition, spectroscopic observations were carried out. Tens of multi-station meteor trails were recorded, including an extraordinarily bright October Draconid fireball (absolute mag. -10.5) that was simultaneously imaged from three SPMN meteor ob-serving stations located in Andalusia. Its spectrum was obtained, showing a clear evolution in the relative intensity of emission lines as the fireball penetrated deeper into the atmosphere. Here we focus on the analysis of this remarkable spectrum, but also discuss the atmospheric trajectory, atmospheric penetration, and orbital data computed for this bolide which was probably released during 21P/Giacobini-Zinner return to perihelion in 1907. The spectrum is discussed together with the tensile strength for the October Draconid meteoroids. The chemical profile evolution of the main rocky elements for this extremely bright bolide is compared with the elemental abundances obtained for 5 October Draconid fireballs also recorded during our spectroscopic campaign but observed only at a single station. Significant chemical heterogeneity between the small meteoroids is found as we should expect for cometary aggregates being formed by diverse dust components.Comment: Manuscript in press in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Accepted for publication in MNRAS on April 28th, 2013 Manuscript Pages: 28 Tables: 5 Figures: 12. Manuscript associated: "The 2011 October Draconids outburst. I. Orbital elements, meteoroid fluxes and 21P/Giacobini-Zinner delivered mass to Earth" by Trigo-Rodriguez et al. is also in press in the same journa

Las empresas de ingeniería en la construcción industrial: evolución y futuro

Firstly, this paper sets out a short analysis on the evolution of the spanish industrial plants construction sub-sector. Then, the current main characteristics of the most important companies in the world, working in this sub-sector, are presented. This part of the paper is structured following the life-cycle of the construction project, from the plant s conceptual engineering to its construction, transfer and operation; examples and real data of some of the most relevant international engineering firms, as can be Bechtel and Fluor, are included. Finally, on the one hand, and based in the previous analysis, the paper summarizes the main issues of these companies that constitute competitive advantages to analyze and follow or adapt by other firms of the same type; and, on the other hand, the main potential issues of the future evolution of the industrial plants construction sub-sector are included.El presente artículo expone, en primer lugar, un breve análisis sobre la evolución del sub-sector español de la construcción de plantas industriales y sistemas similares. Tras ello se incluye un repaso de las principales características actuales de las empresas más importantes del mundo en el campo de la construcción industrial, siguiendo el ciclo de vida del proyecto de construcción, desde la ingeniería conceptual hasta la construcción, transferencia y explotación de la planta; se incluyen ejemplos y datos reales de algunas de las empresas de mayor importancia en el panorama internacional, como es el caso de Bechtel y Fluor. Finalmente, por un lado, y en función de este análisis de las grandes empresas de ingeniería en este campo, se han resumido los principales aspectos de estas organizaciones que suponen ventajas competitivas a analizar y seguir por otras empresas de este tipo; y por otro, se han tratado de anticipar los posibles aspectos esenciales de la evolución futura de este sub-sector, en función de la evolución del mismo hasta la fecha

OB Stars in the Solar Neighborhood I: Analysis of their Spatial Distribution

We present a newly-developed, three-dimensional spatial classification method, designed to analyze the spatial distribution of early type stars within the 1 kpc sphere around the Sun. We propose a distribution model formed by two intersecting disks -the Gould Belt (GB) and the Local Galactic Disk (LGD)- defined by their fundamental geometric parameters. Then, using a sample of about 550 stars of spectral types earlier than B6 and luminosity classes between III and V, with precise photometric distances of less than 1 kpc, we estimate for some spectral groups the parameters of our model, as well as single membership probabilities of GB and LGD stars, thus drawing a picture of the spatial distribution of young stars in the vicinity of the Sun.Comment: 28 pages including 9 Postscript figures, one of them in color. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal, 30 January 200

The Northern χ -Orionid meteoroid stream and possible association with the potentially hazardous asteroid 2008XM1

We present new orbital data and dynamic results pointing towards the origin of the Northern χ -Orionid meteoroid stream, which is a part of the Taurid meteoroid complex. A new software package was developed to establish the potential parent bodies of meteoroid streams based on the similarity of their orbits. The analysis of a Northern χ -Orionid fireball observed on 2011 December 6 identified two potential parent bodies: the near-Earth object (NEO) 2002XM35 (previously proposed as the parent of this meteoroid stream) and the more recently discovered potentially hazardous asteroid 2008XM1. The calculation of the evolution of the orbital elements performed by using the Mercury 6 symplectic integrator supports the idea that 2008XM1 is a better parent body. Our data sample was expanded by including also in the calculations the mean orbit of the χ -Orionid stream. The results are consistent with the fragmentation of a larger body in the past that could give rise to both NEOs and the Northern χ -Orionid stream. To confirm this, further observations to improve the orbital elements of these asteroids should be attempted before the objects are lost. The analysis of the emission spectrum recorded for this fireball supports a primitive nature for these meteoroids.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación AYA2009-13227, AYA2009-14000-C03- 01, AYA2011-26522CSIC 201050I043Junta de Andalucía P09-FQM-455

Construcción y arquitectura industrial para el siglo XXI: un análisis preliminar

This paper presents a preliminary analysis, performed by the authors. on the past, present and possible future of the main issues related to the design and construction of industrial complexes. Among others. those issues include the industrial development; structural analysis and design methods; design tools; construction materials; structural types; types of non-structural systems (façade, Roof, building services); technology of construction processes; precast and industrialized systems; construction project management; construction labour; energy-related features of the industrial complexes; methodologies, technology and labour for manufacturing; environmental issues; aesthetics; planning of industrial areas (industrial parks. technology parks); industrial plants location. Some conclusions are specific to the design and construction of industrial complexes, whereas other are common to the other construction subsectors.El presente artículo expone un análisis preliminar realizado por los autores sobre la evolución histórica de los principales aspectos de la construcción y arquitectura industrial, así como de las posibles líneas que podría seguir la evolución a futuro de cada uno de dichos aspectos. Los aspectos analizados son: el desarrollo industrial; los métodos de cálculo y dimensionamiento estructural; las herramientas de diseño; los materiales de construcción; las tipologías estructurales; los sistemas constructivos no estructurales; la tecnología de los procesos constructivos; la prefabricación e industrialización; la organización y dirección del proyecto; la mano de obra para la construcción; los aspectos energéticos; las tecnologías y filosofías de fabricación y su mano de obra; el respeto al medio ambiente; la estética; el urbanismo industrial; y otros aspectos como la seguridad, la recuperación de construcciones industriales históricas, o la localización y emplazamiento, entre otros. Algunas de las conclusiones son específicas de la construcción y arquitectura industrial, mientras que otras son también comunes al resto de los subsectores de la construcción

The ALHAMBRA survey: Evolution of galaxy clustering since z∼1

We study the clustering of galaxies as function of luminosity and redshift in the range 0.35< z < 1.25 using data from the Advanced Large Homogeneous Area Medium-Band Redshift Astronomical (ALHAMBRA) survey. The ALHAMBRA data used in this work cover 2.38 deg2 in seven independent fields, after applying a detailed angular selection mask, with accurate photometric redshifts,σz≲ 0.014(1 + z), down to IAB < 24. Given the depth of the survey, we select samples in B-band luminosity down to Lth ≃ 0.16L* at z=0.9. We measure the real-space clustering using the projected correlation function, accounting for photometric redshifts uncertainties. We infer the galaxy bias, and study its evolution with luminosity. We study the effect of sample variance, and confirm earlier results that the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) and European Large Area ISO Survey North 1 (ELAIS-N1) fields are dominated by the presence of large structures. For the intermediate and bright samples, Lmed ≳ 0.6L*, we obtain a strong dependence of bias on luminosity, in agreement with previous results at similar redshift. We are able to extend this study to fainter luminosities, where we obtain an almost flat relation, similar to that observed at low redshift. Regarding the evolution of bias with redshift, our results suggest that the different galaxy populations studied reside in haloes covering a range in mass between log10[Mh( h-1M{bull's eye})] ≳ 11.5 for samples with Lmed = 0.3L* and log10[Mh( h-1M⊙)] ≳ 13.0 for samples with Lmed = 2L*, with typical occupation numbers in the range of 1-3 galaxies per halo.Junta de Andalucía P08-TIC-3531Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación AYA2010-22111- C03-01 CSD2007-0006

New 4-(N-cinnamoylbutyl)aminoacridines as potential multi-stage antiplasmodial leads

A novel family of 4-aminoacridine derivatives was obtained by linking this heteroaromatic core to different trans-cinnamic acids. The 4-(N-cinnamoylbutyl)aminoacridines obtained exhibited in vitro activity in the low- or sub-micromolar range against (i) hepatic stages of Plasmodium berghei, (ii) erythrocytic forms of Plasmodium falciparum, and (iii) early and mature gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum. The most active compound, having a meta-fluorocinnamoyl group linked to the acridine core, was 20- and 120-fold more potent, respectively, against the hepatic and gametocyte stages of Plasmodium infection than the reference drug, primaquine. Moreover, no cytotoxicity towards mammalian and red blood cells at the concentrations tested was observed for any of the compounds under investigation. These novel conjugates represent promising leads for the development of new multi-target antiplasmodials.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved

Análisis de sensibilidad y estudio crítico del modelo de evaluación de la sostenibilidad de la Instrucción Española de Hormigón Estructural

This paper presents the results of the sensitivity analysis performed for the sustainability assessment model of the Span-ish Code on Structural Concrete, EHE-08. It also portrays the results of a life-cycle analysis (LCA) related to energy con-sumption and CO2 emissions. Comparisons are made between those findings, for suggesting improvements to the model. The main conclusion is that some weights and value functions employed in the EHE-08 are not consistent with the LCA. The new versions of the Spanish Code should include other weights and value functions to get closer to the LCA results.Este artículo presenta los resultados de un análisis de sensibilidad del modelo de evaluación de la sostenibilidad de la Instrucción Española de Hormigón Estructural EHE-08. Expone también los resultados de un análisis de ciclo de vida (ACV) de consumo de energía y emisiones de CO2. A partir de ello se realizan comparaciones, con el objetivo de establecer propuestas de mejora para dicho modelo. La conclusión más importante es que algunos de los pesos y funciones de valor usados en el mismo no son coherentes con los resultados del análisis de ciclo de vida. El modelo de sostenibilidad que se establezca en próximas versiones normativas debería tener otros pesos y funciones que sirvan para acercarse más a los resultados del ACV