Evaluation of symptoms of anxiety and depression in women with breast cancer after breast amputation or conservation treated with adjuvant chemotherapy

Introduction Evaluation of the presence of symptoms of anxiety and depression in women treated for breast cancer who underwent surgical procedure using one of two alternative methods, either radical mastectomy or breast conserving treatment (BCT). Material and Methods A questionnaire survey involved 85 patients treated in a conservative way and 94 patients after breast amputation. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and depression degree evaluation questionnaire were used in the study. The patients’ responses were statistically analyzed. Results Based on the HADS questionnaire, the total anxiety level in the group of women treated with BCT was 6.96 points, while in the group of patients who had undergone mastectomy the value was 7.8 points. The observed results were statistically significant. In the case of depression, the following values were found: patients after amputation had 8.04 scale value points, and those after BCT had 6.8 scale value points. The observed differences were statistically significant. Negative correlation was found between the level of anxiety and depression. The total level of depression evaluated using the Beck scale was 16.3 points in the BCT group, which means that they suffered from mild depression, while in the mastectomy group the level was 19.6 points, which corresponds to moderate depression. Conclusions The level of anxiety and depression among women with breast cancer was influenced by the type of the applied surgical procedure and adjuvant chemotherapy. Demographic variables did not influence the level of anxiety and depression

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on the health care system in less developed regions of Poland

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to develop a model for assessing the satisfaction of patients of GP practice with access to health services in the Lubelskie Voivodeship, in terms of eliminating inequalities in the quality of these services and developing a scenario for the revitalization of the health care system in relation to the inhabitants of the underdeveloped region in the period after the cessation of pandemic.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The research method included developing a research tool in the form of a survey questionnaire, validating the tool, conducting Phase I and II of the survey, and evaluating the performance of the outpatient specialty care subsystem. The analysis of the research results was directed at developing the assumptions of a model for restoring functionality and increasing resilience of the healthcare system.FINDINGS: It was found that the level of patient satisfaction with the functioning of the health care system during a pandemic, both in the form of medical tele-consultation and in the form of direct contact with personnel in a health care facility, depends on the age and the level of education. There were no differences in terms of sex and place of residence (town, village). It was also found that the very limited availability of advanced diagnostic methods, showing an unfavorable trend in the period preceding the outbreak of the pandemic, deteriorated further and poses a critical threat to the functioning of the health care system for patients with chronic diseases (oncological, neurodegenerative etc.)PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The results of the research will be used to construct a model for the reconstruction and revitalization of the health care system in the Lubelskie Voivodeship after the pandemic.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The study presents results of the current research. The development of the research results will be continued in order to construct a comprehensive model.This article in part on basic healthcare presents the results of research funded under the Faculty of Management of the Lublin University of Technology (Discipline Council for Management and Quality Sciences) 2020/2021.peer-reviewe

Structural basis of transposon end recognition explains central features of Tn7 transposition systems

Tn7 is a bacterial transposon with relatives containing element-encoded CRISPR-Cas systems mediating RNA-guided transposon insertion. Here, we present the 2.7 Å cryoelectron microscopy structure of prototypic Tn7 transposase TnsB interacting with the transposon end DNA. When TnsB interacts across repeating binding sites, it adopts a beads-on-a-string architecture, where the DNA-binding and catalytic domains are arranged in a tiled and intertwined fashion. The DNA-binding domains form few base-specific contacts leading to a binding preference that requires multiple weakly conserved sites at the appropriate spacing to achieve DNA sequence specificity. TnsB binding imparts differences in the global structure of the protein-bound DNA ends dictated by the spacing or overlap of binding sites explaining functional differences in the left and right ends of the element. We propose a model of the strand-transfer complex in which the terminal TnsB molecule is rearranged so that its catalytic domain is in a position conducive to transposition

Tillage method and triticale weed infestation and yielding

Badania przeprowadzono w RSD Zawady w latach 1999-2002. Doświadczenie polowe przeprowadzono metodą łanową bezpowtórzeniową. Na poszczególnych obiektach zarówno w przypadku pszenżyta ozimego, jak i jarego stosowano zróżnicowaną uprawę pożniwną: 1) podorywkę (12 cm), 2) kultywatorowanie, 3) talerzowanie, 4) bez uprawy (Roundup 360 SL), 5) bez uprawy, 6) orkę (20 cm), 7) talerzowanie. Na pierwszych pięciu obiektach wykonywano orkę siewną (pszenżyto ozime) lub orkę przedzimową (pszenżyto jare). W uprawie obu form pszenżyta (ozimego i jarego) tylko zupełne zrezygnowanie z wykonywania orki skutkowało istotnym, ponad 30% spadkiem plonu ziarna. Uproszczenia uprawowe powodowały na ogół wzrost zachwaszczenia. Istotny wzrost świeżej i suchej masy chwastów obserwowano jednak tylko na obiektach ze skrajnymi uproszczeniami. Zaobserwowano wyraźnie niższe plonowanie na obiektach o najwyższym zachwaszczeniu, szczególnie pszenżyta jarego.The studies were carried out on the Experimental Farm at Zawady in the years 1999-2002. A field experiment followed the field method without replications. In case of both winter and spring triticale the post-harvest tillage was applied: 1) skimming – 12 cm, 2) cultivating, 3) disking, 4) without tillage (Roundup 360 SL), 5) without tillage, 6) ploughing – 20 cm, 7) disking. The first five objects were treated with the pre-sowing ploughing (winter triticale) or autumn ploughing (spring triticale). As for both forms of triticale (winter and spring), only abandoning ploughing resulted in a significant, over 30%, grain yield decrease. Simplified tillage generally increased the weed infestation. However, a significant increase in the fresh and dry matter of weeds was observed only in objects exposed to extreme simplifications. A clearly lower yielding was recorded in case of objects most infested with weeds, especially in spring triticale

Load capacity and failure modes of non-adhesive metal-composite joint serving the purpose of introducing concentrated loads in composite structures made with carbon fibre prepregs

W celu poznania nośności statycznej, przebiegu zmian sztywności oraz postaci zniszczenia bezadhezyjnego połączenia metal-kompozyt (BPMK), stanowiącego węzeł do wprowadzania obciążeń skupionych w powłoki nośne wykonane z preimpregnatów węglowych w technologii VBO (Vacuum-Bag-Only), przeprowadzono próby nośności elementu badawczego modelującego fragment struktury nośnej płatowca. Wyniki porównywano z wynikami uzyskiwanymi dla takiego samego węzła z kompozytem wykonanym techniką przesycania kontaktowego. Mimo lepszych własności wytrzymałościowych preimpregnatu nośność BPMK dla tego surowca okazała się nieco niższa w stosunku do rozwiązania referencyjnego. Prawdopodobną tego przyczyną jest większa koncentracja naprężeń normalnych oraz stycznych wynikająca z różnić w objętościowym udziale zbrojenia oraz sposobie formowania laminatu w obu porównywanych przypadkach. Badania metodą tomografii komputerowej wykazały, iż zniszczenie laminatu zaczyna się po stronie ściskanej węzła.Test were carried out to determine the load capacity, stiffness changes and failure modes of the non-adhesive metal-composite joint used for application of concentrated loads to composite shell structures made of carbon-epoxy VBO (Vacuum-Bag-Only) prepregs. These test results were compared against those obtained for similar joint designed for application of concentrated load to composite shell structure made with wet lay-up method. In spite of better mechanical properties of composite made with prepregs the load capacity of the former was slightly lower than that of the latter. The reasons for this can be higher normal and shear stress concentrations resulting from the difference in fibre volume fraction and the way the reinforcement layers were laid down. The results of CT (Computed Tomography) inspection indicated that the laminate failure initiated in the region of structure subjected to compression

Struktura i skład odpadów na składowisku w Woli Suchożebrskiej

Landfill in Wola Suchożebrska accepts waste from the area of Siedlce and few neighbouring municipalities. A strict monitoring has been carried out on the landfill since 2007. The objective of the research was to analyse the amount and the morphological composition of municipal waste in the landfill in Wola Suchożebrska and on this basis to assess the efficiency of actions related to limitation of waste. Segregation of waste in the landfill caused that despite the increase of the total weight of waste a storage weight has not increased and even it decreased. Efficiency of undertaken activities was often limited due to the reasons not depending on the persons who manage the landfill. Changes in the structure of waste do not allow careful planning of future use, however, an increasing participation of plant waste makes a composting process more popular.Składowisko odpadów w Woli Suchożebrskiej przyjmuje odpady z terenu miasta Siedlce oraz kilku gmin ościennych. Od roku 2007 prowadzony jest na składowisku ścisły monitoring. Celem prezentowanych badań była analiza ilości i składu morfologicznego odpadów komunalnych na składowisku w Woli Suchożebrskiej oraz na tej podstawie ocena skuteczności działań związanych z ich ograniczeniem. Segregacja odpadów na składowisku sprawiła, że pomimo wzrostu ogólnej masy odpadów przywożonych nie wzrosła a nawet zmalała masa składowana. Skuteczność podejmowanych działań była często ograniczana ze względów niezależnych od prowadzących składowisko Zmiany w strukturze odpadów nie pozwalają na dokładne zaplanowanie przyszłego wykorzystania jednak wzrastający udział odpadów pochodzenia roślinnego stwarza możliwość powszechniejszego procesu kompostowania