Toxicidade do inseticida Organofosforado Abate® em alevinos de Poecilia reticulata.

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Toxicity of Organophosphate Insecticide Abate® to Larvaes of Poecilia reticulata

The pesticide Abate®, which contains 1% of organophosphate temephos as active ingredient, has been used to control the larva of the mosquito responsible for dengue. However, little information is available about the impact of this pesticide in the aquatic environment. This study evaluated the effect of the Abate® on the survival of larvaes of Poecilia reticulata, a larvivorous fish that serves as biological control of Aedes aegypti. In order to estimate the lethal time for 50% of exposed larvae (LT50), the organisms were exposed to five treatments (0.0; 0.375; 0.5; 0.625 and 0.750 mg.L-1 of Abate®) with nine replicates each. Concentrations equal or higher than 0.375 mg.L-1 of Abate® showed to be lethal to larvaes of P. reticulata. LT50 was estimated for the 2nd larvae was 239 ± 41 minutes for a concentration of 0.750 mg.L-1 and 401 ± 104 minutes for 0.375mg.L-1. In addition, larvaes that survived to the Abate® exposure presented mortality after transference to clean water, indicating a possible residual effect of the insecticide. Keywords: Organophosphorus pesticides, Poecilia reticulata, LT50

Acute phase proteins in canine lymphoma during antineoplastic chemotherapy

The lymphoma is the main hematopoietic tumor in dogs and it is characterized by the proliferation of cells from lymphoid tissue, histiocytes and its precursors. Animals with lymphoma often show changes in biochemical and hematological parameters such as non-regenerative normochromic normocytic anemia, hemolytic anemia, hypocalcaemia and monoclonal gammopathy. The development of tumor can cause alterations in serum concentrations of acute phase proteins (APPs), consequent of hepatocytes stimulus by cytokines of inflammatory action. This study aimed to quantify and qualify APPs in dogs with lymphoma, at diagnosis time and during the time of chemotherapy sessions. After syneresis, centrifugation and fractioning the serum samples of 10 healthy and 10 dogs with lymphomas, the proteins fractions were separated by polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and its concentrations were determined by computer densitometry. Between 18 and 30 proteins were separated by eletrophoresis, with molecular weights ranging from 18 to 245 kDa (kilodaltons). The alpha-1-glicoprotein acid (AGP) and transferrin serum concentration showed significantly higher in dogs with lymphoma, when compared with healthy dogs at diagnosis. The alpha-1-antitripsin (AAT) serum concentrations showed significantly higher in healthy dogs, when compared with dogs with lymphoma at diagnosis. The dogs with lymphoma the albumin did not appear as negative APP. On the other hand, transferrin appeared as positive AAP at diagnosis time and during the chemotherapy sessions. Healthy dogs had AAT serum concentrations significantly higher when compared to dogs with lymphoma at diagnosis. So, in this trial, it is suggested that this protein has been shown as a negative APP in the dogs with lymphoma. These dogs presented significantly higher AGP serum concentrations, in relation to healthy dogs at diagnosis, evidencing this protein APP positive behavior in neoplasm