Self-reported domain-specific and accelerometer-based physical activity and sedentary behaviour in relation to psychological distress among an urban Asian population

Abstract Background The interpretation of previous studies on the association of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with psychological health is limited by the use of mostly self-reported physical activity and sedentary behaviour, and a focus on Western populations. We aimed to explore the association of self-reported and devise-based measures of physical activity and sedentary behaviour domains on psychological distress in an urban multi-ethnic Asian population. Methods From a population-based cross-sectional study of adults aged 18–79 years, data were used from an overall sample (n = 2653) with complete self-reported total physical activity/sedentary behaviour and domain-specific physical activity data, and a subsample (n = 703) with self-reported domain-specific sedentary behaviour and accelerometry data. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour data were collected using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), a domain-specific sedentary behaviour questionnaire and accelerometers. The Kessler Screening Scale (K6) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were used to assess psychological distress. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics. Results The sample comprised 45.0% men (median age = 45.0 years). The prevalence of psychological distress based on the K6 and GHQ-12 was 8.4% and 21.7%, respectively. In the adjusted model, higher levels of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were associated with significantly higher odds for K6 (OR = 1.47 [1.03–2.10]; p-trend = 0.03) but not GHQ-12 (OR = 0.97 [0.77–1.23]; p-trend = 0.79), when comparing the highest with the lowest tertile. Accelerometry-assessed MVPA was not significantly associated with K6 (p-trend = 0.50) nor GHQ-12 (p-trend = 0.74). The highest tertile of leisure-time physical activity, but not work- or transport-domain activity, was associated with less psychological distress using K6 (OR = 0.65 [0.43–0.97]; p-trend = 0.02) and GHQ-12 (OR = 0.72 [0.55–0.93]; p-trend = 0.01). Self-reported sedentary behaviour was not associated with K6 (p-trend = 0.90) and GHQ-12 (p-trend = 0.33). The highest tertile of accelerometry-assessed sedentary behaviour was associated with significantly higher odds for K6 (OR = 1.93 [1.00–3.75]; p-trend = 0.04), but not GHQ-12 (OR = 1.34 [0.86–2.08]; p-trend = 0.18). Conclusions Higher levels of leisure-time physical activity and lower levels of accelerometer-based sedentary behaviour were associated with lower psychological distress. This study underscores the importance of assessing accelerometer-based and domain-specific activity in relation to mental health, instead of solely focusing on total volume of activity

A prática da hidroginástica como tratamento complementar para pacientes com transtorno de ansiedade The practice of hydrogymnastics as a complementary treatment for patients with anxiety disorders

OBJETIVO: Analisar a efetividade da hidroginástica, como auxiliar terapêutico à redução do nível de ansiedade, em mulheres diagnosticadas com transtorno de ansiedade. MÉTODOS: Este ensaio clínico teve a participação de pacientes com ansiedade, sendo a depressão a comorbidade existente, do programa de Residência Médica em Psiquiatria do Hospital Universitário de Maringá, todas em tratamento com medicamentos (n = 16: grupo experimental = 8; grupo-controle = 8). O experimento foi realizado na piscina aquecida do Departamento de Educação Física da Universidade Estadual de Maringá. O delineamento do estudo foi elaborado com duas sessões de hidroginástica por semana, durante 12 semanas. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: o Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck (BAI) e o Perfil de Estado de Humor (POMS). Para análise estatística, foram utilizados o teste de Friedman, o Teste de Wilcoxon, o Teste de Mann-Whitney e Comparações Múltiplas, adotando significância em 5%. RESULTADOS: Os escores do transtorno de ansiedade tiveram redução no grupo experimental, após 12 semanas de intervenção (19,12 ± 3,12 para 8,37 ± 4,60 pontos, P = 0,0005*), e no grupo-controle (17,87 ± 14,32 para 12,12 ± 9,58 pontos, P = 0,254). Para o perfil do estado de humor, o grupo experimental evidenciou perfil de saúde mental positiva, enquanto o grupo-controle demonstrou perfil negativo de estado de humor. CONCLUSÕES: Portanto, as pacientes do grupo experimental evidenciaram significativa redução do nível de ansiedade em relação às pacientes do grupo-controle, que utilizaram apenas o tratamento convencional com medicamentos. Para o perfil do estado de humor, foram encontradas alterações no decorrer do estudo; o grupo-controle experimentou alteração negativa de humor durante o ensaio clínico, enquanto os pacientes do grupo experimental evidenciaram perfil positivo de estado de humor com redução da tensão, depressão, raiva, confusão e aumento do vigor.<br>OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of hydrogymnastics as a therapeutic method to the reduction of anxiety in females diagnosed with anxiety disorder. METHODS: This clinical survey had as participants, patients with anxiety, being the depression the existent comorbidade, from Psychiatry Media Residence Program of the Academical Hospital of Maringá, all had medical treatment (n = 16: experimental group = 8; control group = 8). The experiment was accomplished in the warm swimming pool of the Department of Physical Education of the State University of Maringá. The design of the study was developed with two hydrogymnastics sessions per week, during 12 weeks. The instruments used in the data collection were: Beck's Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Profile of Mood States (POMS). As to statistics analysis the Friedman test, Wilcoxon test, Mann-Whitney test and Multiple Comparisons were used, with a significance of 5%. RESULTS: Results show that anxiety disorder scores decreased in the experimental group after 12 weeks of intervention (19.12 ± 3.12 to 8.37 ± 4.60, P = 0.0005*) and control group (17.87 ± 14.32 to 12.12 ± 9.58, P = 0.254). As for mood state profile experimental group evidenced a positive mental health profile, while control group showed a negative mood state profile. CONCLUSIONS: It may be concluded that patients from experimental group evidenced significant reduction in anxiety level in relation to control group patients whom used only the conventional medicine treatment. For mood state profile changes were found throughout the study, being that control group experimented negative mood changes during the clinical survey while experimental group patients evidenced positive mood state profile with reduction on tension, depression, anger confusion and enhancement on vigor