Individual welfare analysis for collective households

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. We propose novel tools for the analysis of individual welfare on the basis of aggregate household demand behavior. The method assumes a collective model of household consumption with the public and private nature of goods specified by the empirical analyst. A main distinguishing feature of our approach is that it builds on a revealed preference characterization of the collective model that is intrinsically nonparametric. We show how to identify individual money metric welfare indices from observed household demand, along with the intrahousehold sharing rule and the individuals’ willingness-to-pay for public consumption (i.e. Lindahl prices). The method is easy to use in practice and yields informative empirical results, which we demonstrate through both a simulation exercise and an empirical application to labor supply data drawn from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics.status: publishe

Individual Welfare Analysis for Collective Households

We propose novel tools for the analysis of individual welfare on the basis of aggregate household demand behavior. The method assumes a collective model of household consumption with the public and private nature of goods specified by the empirical analyst. A main distinguishing feature of our method is that it builds on a revealed preference characterization of the collective model that is intrinsically nonparametric. We show how to identify individual money metric welfare indices from observed household demand, along with the intrahousehold sharing rule and the individuals' willingness-to-pay for public consumption (i.e. Lindahl prices). The method is easy to use in practice and yields informative empirical results, which we demonstrate through a simulation analysis and an empirical application to labor supply data.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Individual welfare analysis for collective households

We propose novel tools for the analysis of individual welfare on the basis of aggregate household demand behavior. The method assumes a collective model of household consumption with the public and private nature of goods specified by the empirical analyst. A main distinguishing feature of our method is that it builds on a revealed preference characterization of the collective model that is intrinsically nonparametric. We show how to identify individual money metric welfare indices from observed household demand, along with the intrahousehold sharing rule and the individuals' willingness-to-pay for public consumption (i.e. Lindahl prices). The method is easy to use in practice and yields informative empirical results, which we demonstrate through a simulation analysis and an empirical application to labor supply data.status: publishe

The effects of acute isovolemic hemodilution on oxygenation during one-lung ventilation

Data on the effects of isovolemic hemodilution (IH) on oxygenation during one-lung ventilation (OLV) are lacking. We studied 47 patients with hemoglobin >14 g/dL who were scheduled for lung surgery (17 with normal lung function [group NL], 17 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] [group COPD], and 13 with COPD as control for time/anesthesia effects [group CTRL]). Anesthesia was standardized. The tracheas were intubated with a double-lumen tube. Ventilatory settings and fraction of inspired oxygen remained constant. The study was performed with patients in the supine position before surgery. OLV was initiated for 15 min. Two-lung ventilation was reinstituted, and IH was performed (500 mL); an identical volume of hydroxyethyl starch was administered. Subsequently, CILV was again performed for 15 min. In group CTRL, the same sequences of OLV were performed without IH. At the end of each period of OLV, pulmonary mechanics and blood gases were recorded. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (mean +/- SD). In group NL and group CTRL, the arterial oxygen partial pressure remained constant, whereas it decreased in group COPD from 119 +/- 21 min Hg before IH to 86 +/- 16 min Hg after IH (P < 0.01). Mild IH impairs gas exchange during CILV in COPD patients, but not in patients with normal lung function