13,560 research outputs found
The how and why of plant-related fatalities in the Australian construction industry
Drawing on the findings of coronial investigations, this research aimed to investigate the circumstances and causes of fatal incidents involving plant in the Australian construction industry. The analysis sought to provide greater insight into how and why fatal incidents occur and to inform recommendations for the prevention of fatal incidents involving plant
Recommendations for HER2 testing in the UK
Determining the HER2 status of breast carcinomas is a prerequisite for the use of the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin(R)), which has recently been licensed for the treatment of metastatic disease. This necessitates a test based on archival material. The preferred analyses are immunohistochemistry with fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) as a follow up test for ambiguous results. Guidelines have been developed for standardised, well controlled procedures for the provision of reliable results. A group of three reference laboratories has been established to provide advice, quality assurance, and materials, where needed
Synthetic Observations of Simulated Radio Galaxies I: Radio and X-ray Analysis
We present an extensive synthetic observational analysis of numerically-
simulated radio galaxies designed to explore the effectiveness of conventional
observational analyses at recovering physical source properties. These are the
first numerical simulations with sufficient physical detail to allow such a
study. The present paper focuses on extraction of magnetic field properties
from nonthermal intensity information. Synchrotron and inverse-Compton
intensities provided meaningful information about distributions and strengths
of magnetic fields, although considerable care was called for. Correlations
between radio and X-ray surface brightness correctly revealed useful dynamical
relationships between particles and fields. Magnetic field strength estimates
derived from the ratio of X-ray to radio intensity were mostly within about a
factor of two of the RMS field strength along a given line of sight. When
emissions along a given line of sight were dominated by regions close to the
minimum energy/equipartition condition, the field strengths derived from the
standard power-law-spectrum minimum energy calculation were also reasonably
close to actual field strengths, except when spectral aging was evident.
Otherwise, biases in the minimum- energy magnetic field estimation mirrored
actual differences from equipartition. The ratio of the inverse-Compton
magnetic field to the minimum-energy magnetic field provided a rough measure of
the actual total energy in particles and fields in most instances, within an
order of magnitude. This may provide a practical limit to the accuracy with
which one may be able to establish the internal energy density or pressure of
optically thin synchrotron sources.Comment: 43 pages, 14 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ, v601 n2
February 1, 200
Detecting z > 2 Type IIn Supernovae
Type IIn supernovae (SNe IIn) dominate the brightest supernova events in
observed FUV flux (~1200-2000A). We show that multi-band, multi-epoch optical
surveys complete to m_r = 27 can detect the FUV emission of ~25 z > 2 SNe IIn
deg^-2 yr^-1 rest-frame (~10 SNe IIn deg^-2 yr^-1 observed-frame) to 4 sigma
using a technique monitoring color-selected galaxies. Moreover, the strength
and evolution of the bright emission lines observed in low redshift SNe IIn
imply that the Ly-a emission features in ~70% of z > 2 SNe IIn are above
8m-class telescope spectroscopic thresholds for ~2 yr rest-frame. As a result,
existing facilities have the capability to both photometrically detect and
spectroscopically confirm z > 2 SNe IIn and pave the way for efficient searches
by future 8m-class survey and 30m-class telescopes. The method presented here
uses the sensitivities and wide-field capabilities of current optical
instruments and exploits (1) the efficiency of z > 2 galaxy color-selection
techniques, (2) the intrinsic brightness distribution ( = -19.0 +/-0.9)
and blue profile of SNe IIn continua, (3) the presence of extremely bright,
long-lived emission features, and (4) the potential to detect blueshifted SNe
Ly-a emission shortward of host galaxy Ly-a features.Comment: 26 pages (pre-print), 6 figures, accepted Ap
Will oscillating wave surge converters survive tsunamis?
With an increasing emphasis on renewable energy resources, wave power technology is becoming one of the realistic solutions. However, the 2011 tsunami in Japan was a harsh reminder of the ferocity of the ocean. It is known that tsunamis are nearly undetectable in the open ocean but as the wave approaches the shore its energy is compressed, creating large destructive waves. The question posed here is whether an oscillating wave surge converter (OWSC) could withstand the force of an incoming tsunami. Several tools are used to provide an answer: an analytical 3D model developed within the framework of linear theory, a numerical model based on the non-linear shallow water equations and empirical formulas. Numerical results show that run-up and draw-down can be amplified under some circumstances, leading to an OWSC lying on dry ground
Residual-Ion Orientation After Autoionization
We have measured the relative population in the two mj states of barium 6p1/2 ions produced by the autoionization of (6p3/2nd)J=MJ=3 states by detecting the helicity of the emitted fluorescence. These populations can be related to the relative branching ratio into the 6p1/2Δd5/2 and 6p1/2Δg7/2 continuum channels. Rydberg states with n=16-23 have similar branching ratios, producing approximately six times as much 6p1/2Δd5/2 population as 6p1/2Δg7/2 population
Evaluation of a follow-up programme after curative resection for colorectal cancer
Frequent liver imaging can detect liver metastases from colorectal cancer at an asymptomatic stage. © 1999 Cancer Research Campaig
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